The Experts below are selected from a list of 196680 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Guanyi Lu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • on theory in supply chain Uncertainty and its implications for supply chain integration
    Journal of Supply Chain Management, 2016
    Co-Authors: Barbara B Flynn, Xenophon Koufteros, Guanyi Lu
    Abstract:

    This article develops a theoretical conceptualization of supply chain Uncertainty, based on the foundation provided by contingency theory, classical organization theory, and information processing theory. We develop a theoretical analogy between a supply chain and an organization, then highlight key differences, which leads us to hypothesize that there are three key types of supply chain Uncertainty. Micro-Level Uncertainty is based on the variability of inputs to the technical core of a supply chain, corresponding to the traditional operationalization of Uncertainty in the supply chain and operations management literature. Meso-Level Uncertainty is the lack of information needed by a supply chain member, corresponding to the information processing theory perspective. This is often due to the conflicting pressures of differentiation and interdependence in a supply chain, where members may withhold information that they feel could compromise their interests. Macro-Level Uncertainty, based on the equivocality construct, is related to unclear and ambiguous situations faced by supply chain members in rapidly changing external environments. We propose that all three types of Uncertainty coexist in a supply chain and may interact with each other. Based on contingency theory's focus on alignment of process and structure with the environment, we test the relationship among supply chain integration (process), centralization, formalization and flatness (organization structure) and the dimensions of Uncertainty (environment). Hypotheses are tested using hierarchical regression on data collected from 339 globally distributed manufacturing plants. It reveals that, as hypothesized, micro-Level and meso-Level Uncertainty are positively related to SCI and that macro-Level Uncertainty is inversely related to it. The organization structure variables of centralization and formalization had a moderating effect, strengthening or reducing the main effects of Uncertainty. The results are discussed in terms of their consistency with the theoretical foundation, implications for decision makers facing supply chain Uncertainty and future research opportunities.

Barbara B Flynn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • on theory in supply chain Uncertainty and its implications for supply chain integration
    Journal of Supply Chain Management, 2016
    Co-Authors: Barbara B Flynn, Xenophon Koufteros, Guanyi Lu
    Abstract:

    This article develops a theoretical conceptualization of supply chain Uncertainty, based on the foundation provided by contingency theory, classical organization theory, and information processing theory. We develop a theoretical analogy between a supply chain and an organization, then highlight key differences, which leads us to hypothesize that there are three key types of supply chain Uncertainty. Micro-Level Uncertainty is based on the variability of inputs to the technical core of a supply chain, corresponding to the traditional operationalization of Uncertainty in the supply chain and operations management literature. Meso-Level Uncertainty is the lack of information needed by a supply chain member, corresponding to the information processing theory perspective. This is often due to the conflicting pressures of differentiation and interdependence in a supply chain, where members may withhold information that they feel could compromise their interests. Macro-Level Uncertainty, based on the equivocality construct, is related to unclear and ambiguous situations faced by supply chain members in rapidly changing external environments. We propose that all three types of Uncertainty coexist in a supply chain and may interact with each other. Based on contingency theory's focus on alignment of process and structure with the environment, we test the relationship among supply chain integration (process), centralization, formalization and flatness (organization structure) and the dimensions of Uncertainty (environment). Hypotheses are tested using hierarchical regression on data collected from 339 globally distributed manufacturing plants. It reveals that, as hypothesized, micro-Level and meso-Level Uncertainty are positively related to SCI and that macro-Level Uncertainty is inversely related to it. The organization structure variables of centralization and formalization had a moderating effect, strengthening or reducing the main effects of Uncertainty. The results are discussed in terms of their consistency with the theoretical foundation, implications for decision makers facing supply chain Uncertainty and future research opportunities.

M Thoenig - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • FROM FLEXIBILITY TO INSECURITY: HOW VERTICAL SEPARATION AMPLIFIES FIRM-Level Uncertainty
    Journal of the European Economic Association, 2007
    Co-Authors: David Thesmar, M Thoenig
    Abstract:

    This article presents a model where firms may endogenously externalize part of their production process. We start from the premise that adaptation to Uncertainty cannot be contracted upon in the worker/employer relationship. Vertical separation then balances flexibility gains against hold-up costs of opportunistic behavior by outside contractors. In equilibrium, the degree of separation is shown to depend on the degree of product market competition, contractor's bargaining power, and the volatility of demand shocks. Our main result is that an increase in the degree of vertical separation amplifies the elasticity to demand shocks of firms' sales and employment. It does not, however, amplify aggregate Uncertainty. Evidence from firm-Level data is shown to be largely consistent with the main implications of our theory. (JEL: L16, L23, L24) (c) 2007 by the European Economic Association.

  • From Flexibility to Insecurity: How Vertical Separation Amplifies Firm-Level Uncertainty
    2007
    Co-Authors: M Thoenig, David Thesmar
    Abstract:

    This article presents a model where firms may endogenously externalize part of their production process. We start from the premise that adaptation to Uncertainty cannot be contracted upon in the worker/employer relationship. Vertical separation then balances flexibility gains against hold-up costs of opportunistic behavior by outside contractors. In equilibrium, the degree of separation is shown to depend on the degree of product market competition, contractor's bargaining power, and the volatility of demand shocks. Our main result is that an increase in the degree of vertical separation amplifies the elasticity to demand shocks of firms' sales and employment. It does not, however, amplify aggregate Uncertainty. Evidence from firm-Level data is shown to be largely consistent with the main implications of our theory.

  • Financial Market Development and the Rise in Firm Level Uncertainty
    Discussion Paper Series- Centre for Economic Policy Research London, 2004
    Co-Authors: David Thesmar, M Thoenig
    Abstract:

    This Paper posits that firms can choose the degree of risk inherent to their technological/ marketing/organizational strategies. Financial market development, by improving risk sharing between owners of listed firms, increases the willingness of these firms to take risky bets. This in turn increases firm Level Uncertainty in sales, employment and profits. In equilibrium, this effect diffuses to non-listed firms, a group not directly involved in risk sharing. The effect is larger when competition increases, and when labour market institutions are flexible. This Paper thus provides a finance-based, instead of technology-based, rationale for the increase of firm Level Uncertainty that has recently been documented in France and the US. We then use the French stock market reforms of the late 1980s to test our predictions, using listed firms as the treated group and privately held firms as a control group. Consistent with our model's testable predictions, we find that (1) for listed firms, firm sales volatility has increased markedly after the reforms; and (2) this effect is stronger where product market competition is the strongest. Such evidence holds in front of various robustness checks. In particular, we seek to control for the exposure to international competition and the adoption of new technologies, two forces that may have affected our treatment and control groups differently.

David Thesmar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • FROM FLEXIBILITY TO INSECURITY: HOW VERTICAL SEPARATION AMPLIFIES FIRM-Level Uncertainty
    Journal of the European Economic Association, 2007
    Co-Authors: David Thesmar, M Thoenig
    Abstract:

    This article presents a model where firms may endogenously externalize part of their production process. We start from the premise that adaptation to Uncertainty cannot be contracted upon in the worker/employer relationship. Vertical separation then balances flexibility gains against hold-up costs of opportunistic behavior by outside contractors. In equilibrium, the degree of separation is shown to depend on the degree of product market competition, contractor's bargaining power, and the volatility of demand shocks. Our main result is that an increase in the degree of vertical separation amplifies the elasticity to demand shocks of firms' sales and employment. It does not, however, amplify aggregate Uncertainty. Evidence from firm-Level data is shown to be largely consistent with the main implications of our theory. (JEL: L16, L23, L24) (c) 2007 by the European Economic Association.

  • From Flexibility to Insecurity: How Vertical Separation Amplifies Firm-Level Uncertainty
    2007
    Co-Authors: M Thoenig, David Thesmar
    Abstract:

    This article presents a model where firms may endogenously externalize part of their production process. We start from the premise that adaptation to Uncertainty cannot be contracted upon in the worker/employer relationship. Vertical separation then balances flexibility gains against hold-up costs of opportunistic behavior by outside contractors. In equilibrium, the degree of separation is shown to depend on the degree of product market competition, contractor's bargaining power, and the volatility of demand shocks. Our main result is that an increase in the degree of vertical separation amplifies the elasticity to demand shocks of firms' sales and employment. It does not, however, amplify aggregate Uncertainty. Evidence from firm-Level data is shown to be largely consistent with the main implications of our theory.

  • Financial Market Development and the Rise in Firm Level Uncertainty
    Discussion Paper Series- Centre for Economic Policy Research London, 2004
    Co-Authors: David Thesmar, M Thoenig
    Abstract:

    This Paper posits that firms can choose the degree of risk inherent to their technological/ marketing/organizational strategies. Financial market development, by improving risk sharing between owners of listed firms, increases the willingness of these firms to take risky bets. This in turn increases firm Level Uncertainty in sales, employment and profits. In equilibrium, this effect diffuses to non-listed firms, a group not directly involved in risk sharing. The effect is larger when competition increases, and when labour market institutions are flexible. This Paper thus provides a finance-based, instead of technology-based, rationale for the increase of firm Level Uncertainty that has recently been documented in France and the US. We then use the French stock market reforms of the late 1980s to test our predictions, using listed firms as the treated group and privately held firms as a control group. Consistent with our model's testable predictions, we find that (1) for listed firms, firm sales volatility has increased markedly after the reforms; and (2) this effect is stronger where product market competition is the strongest. Such evidence holds in front of various robustness checks. In particular, we seek to control for the exposure to international competition and the adoption of new technologies, two forces that may have affected our treatment and control groups differently.

Xenophon Koufteros - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • on theory in supply chain Uncertainty and its implications for supply chain integration
    Journal of Supply Chain Management, 2016
    Co-Authors: Barbara B Flynn, Xenophon Koufteros, Guanyi Lu
    Abstract:

    This article develops a theoretical conceptualization of supply chain Uncertainty, based on the foundation provided by contingency theory, classical organization theory, and information processing theory. We develop a theoretical analogy between a supply chain and an organization, then highlight key differences, which leads us to hypothesize that there are three key types of supply chain Uncertainty. Micro-Level Uncertainty is based on the variability of inputs to the technical core of a supply chain, corresponding to the traditional operationalization of Uncertainty in the supply chain and operations management literature. Meso-Level Uncertainty is the lack of information needed by a supply chain member, corresponding to the information processing theory perspective. This is often due to the conflicting pressures of differentiation and interdependence in a supply chain, where members may withhold information that they feel could compromise their interests. Macro-Level Uncertainty, based on the equivocality construct, is related to unclear and ambiguous situations faced by supply chain members in rapidly changing external environments. We propose that all three types of Uncertainty coexist in a supply chain and may interact with each other. Based on contingency theory's focus on alignment of process and structure with the environment, we test the relationship among supply chain integration (process), centralization, formalization and flatness (organization structure) and the dimensions of Uncertainty (environment). Hypotheses are tested using hierarchical regression on data collected from 339 globally distributed manufacturing plants. It reveals that, as hypothesized, micro-Level and meso-Level Uncertainty are positively related to SCI and that macro-Level Uncertainty is inversely related to it. The organization structure variables of centralization and formalization had a moderating effect, strengthening or reducing the main effects of Uncertainty. The results are discussed in terms of their consistency with the theoretical foundation, implications for decision makers facing supply chain Uncertainty and future research opportunities.