The Experts below are selected from a list of 210 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Robin Nusslock - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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positive mood enhances reward related neural activity
Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 2016Co-Authors: Christina B Young, Robin NusslockAbstract:: Although behavioral research has shown that positive mood leads to desired outcomes in nearly every major Life Domain, no studies have directly examined the effects of positive mood on the neural processes underlying reward-related affect and goal-directed behavior. To address this gap, participants in the present fMRI study experienced either a positive (n = 20) or neutral (n = 20) mood induction and subsequently completed a monetary incentive delay task that assessed reward and loss processing. Consistent with prediction, positive mood elevated activity specifically during reward anticipation in corticostriatal neural regions that have been implicated in reward processing and goal-directed behavior, including the nucleus accumbens, caudate, lateral orbitofrontal cortex and putamen, as well as related paralimbic regions, including the anterior insula and ventromedial prefrontal cortex. These effects were not observed during reward outcome, loss anticipation or loss outcome. Critically, this is the first study to report that positive mood enhances reward-related neural activity. Our findings have implications for uncovering the neural mechanisms by which positive mood enhances goal-directed behavior, understanding the malleability of reward-related neural activity, and developing targeted treatments for psychiatric disorders characterized by deficits in reward processing.
Sylvie St-onge - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Relationships between Life-Domain interactions and well-being: a comparison between men and women
@GRH, 2020Co-Authors: Felix Ballesteros-leiva, Gwénaëlle Poilpot-rocaboy, Sylvie St-ongeAbstract:Given that the monetary and human costs arising from mental health problems are increasing in most industrialized societies, organizations need to pay attention to their employees’ well-being and its determining factors. This study innovates by investigating whether the links between Life-Domain interactions (either conflict or enrichment) and well-being (either subjective or psychological) are different for men and women based upon conservation of resources (COR) theory (Hobfoll, 1989, 2002) and the work-home resource model (ten Brummelhuis & Bakker, 2012). Survey responses provided by 798 managers brought some key results. First, although men express a significantly higher average level of personal Life → work-Life (PL→WL) conflict than women, men’s and women’s perceived Life-Domain conflicts (either WL→PL or PL→WL) have a statistically similar negative effect on their well-being (either subjective or psychological). Second, although men and women express a similar average level of Life-Domain enrichments (either PL→WL or WL→PL), men’s perceptions regarding their Life-Domain enrichments (either WL→PL or PL→ WL) are significantly more positively related to their psychological and subjective well-being. Finally, for both men and women, perceived Life-Domain enrichments (WL→PL and PL→WL) account for well-being (either subjective or psychological) over and above the influence of the perceived Life-Domain conflicts (WL→PL and PL→WL).
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Social Support and Life‐Domain Interactions among Assigned and Self‐Initiated Expatriates
European Management Review, 2017Co-Authors: Felix Ballesteros Leiva, Gwénaëlle Poilpot-rocaboy, Sylvie St-ongeAbstract:Based upon conservation of resources theory, this study is the first to explore (1) the relations between Life-Domain support received by internationally mobile employees (IMEs) from their organization, supervisors, coworkers, and family and friends and their Life-Domain conflicts and enrichments in two directions: work Life → personal Life (WL → PL) and personal Life → work Life (PL → WL) and (2) whether these links are different between assigned expatriates (AEs) and self-initiated expatriates (SIEs). The questionnaire data were collected from 182 SIEs and 102 AEs. Results from multivariate analyses show that (1) the more IMEs perceive receiving Life-Domain support from their family and friends and their organization, the less they report Life-Domain conflicts and (2) the more IMEs perceive receiving Life-Domain support from their coworkers, the more they report Life-Domain enrichments. Finally, it appears that AEs' perceived Life-Domain organizational support is positively related to their perceived WL → PL enrichments and that SIEs' perceived Life-Domain coworker support is negatively related to their Life-Domain conflicts in both directions.
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The relationship between Life-Domain interactions and the well-being of internationally mobile employees
Personnel Review, 2017Co-Authors: Felix Ballesteros-leiva, Gwénaëlle Poilpot-rocaboy, Sylvie St-ongeAbstract:Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the relations between the Life-Domain interactions (i.e. interactions between the personal and professional lives) of internationally mobile employees (IMEs) and their well-being and to examine whether these links are different for assigned expatriates (AEs) and self-initiated expatriates (SIEs). Design/methodology/approach Questionnaire data were collected from 284 IMEs including 182 SIEs, and 102 AEs. Two measures of IMEs’ well-being were used: subjective, namely satisfaction with Life, and psychological well-being (PWB), which refers to self-acceptance, personal growth, and reaching for Life goals. Life-Domain interactions were measured from a conflict and an enrichment perspective, each in two directions: Work Life → Personal Life (WL → PL) and Personal Life → Work Life (PL → WL). Findings Regression analyses confirm that IMEs’ Life-Domain conflicts (WL → PL and PL → WL) have an adverse impact on their subjective and PWB, IMEs’ Life-Domain enrichments account for their subjective well-being over and above what is explained by their Life-Domain conflicts, the relationship between WL → PL conflicts and subjective well-being is more negative among SIEs than among AEs. Practical implications This study underscores the need for both employers and IMEs to take action not only to reduce conflicts but also to promote enrichments between their personal and their professional lives. It is of particular importance to reduce the WL → PL conflict of SIEs, often left to fend for themselves, because it has a significant negative impact on their subjective well-being. Originality/value This study innovates in using conservation of resources theory and recent theoretical work linking this theory with the interplay between personal and professional lives to understanding SIEs’ and AEs’ well-being.
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Social Support and Life-Domain Interactions among Internationally Mobile Employees
2016Co-Authors: Felix Ballesteros-leiva, Gwénaëlle Poilpot-rocaboy, Sylvie St-ongeAbstract:Based upon conservation of resource theory, this study is the first to explore (1) the relations between Life-Domain support received by internationally mobile employees (IMEs) from their organization, supervisors, coworkers, and family and friends and their Life-Domain conflicts and enrichments in two directions: work Life→ personal Life (WL → PL) and personal Life→ work Life (PL→ WL) and (2) whether these links are different between assigned expatriates (AEs) and self-initiated expatriates (SIEs). The questionnaire data were collected from 182 SIEs and 102 AEs. Results from multivariate analyses show that (1) the more IMEs perceive receiving Life-Domain support from their family and friends and their organization, the less they report Life-Domain conflicts and (2) the more IMEs perceive receiving Life-Domain support from their coworkers, the more they report Life-Domain enrichments. Finally, it appears that AEs’ perceived Life-Domain organizational support is positively related to their perceived WL → PL enrichment and that SIEs’ perceived Life-Domain coworker support is negatively related to their Life-Domain conflicts in both directions.
Pedro Curi Hallal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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brazilian adults sedentary behaviors by Life Domain population based study
PLOS ONE, 2014Co-Authors: Gregore Iven Mielke, Inacio Crochemore Mohnsam Da Silva, Neville Owen, Pedro Curi HallalAbstract:Background: There is rapidly-emerging evidence on the harmful health effects of sedentary behaviors. The aim of this paper was to quantify time in sedentary behaviors and document socio-demographic variations in different Life Domains among adults. Methods: A population-based survey was carried out in 2012 through face-to-face interviews with Brazilian adults aged 20+years (N = 2,927). Information about time spent sedentary in a typical weekday was collected for five different Domains (workplace, commuting, school/university, watching TV, and computer use at home). Descriptive and bivariate analyses examined variations in overall and Domain-specific sedentary time by gender, age, educational attainment and socioeconomic position. Results: On average, participants reported spending 5.8 (SD 4.5) hours per day sitting. The median value was 4.5 (interquartile range: 2.5-8) hours. Men, younger adults, those with higher schooling and from the wealthiest socioeconomic groups had higher overall sedentary scores. TV time was higher in women, older adults and among those with low schooling and socioeconomic position. Sedentary time in transport was higher in men, younger adults, and participants with high schooling and high socioeconomic position. Computer use at home was more frequent among young adults and those from high socioeconomic groups. Sitting at work was higher in those with higher schooling and from the wealthiest socioeconomic groups. Sedentary behavior at school was related inversely to age and directly to schooling. Conclusion: Patterns of sedentary behavior are different by Life Domains. Initiatives to reduce prolonged sitting among Brazilian adults will be required on multiple levels for different Life Domains.
Laura A King - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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religious commitment and positive mood as information about meaning in Life
Journal of Research in Personality, 2008Co-Authors: Joshua A Hicks, Laura A KingAbstract:Abstract Two studies examined the role of religious commitment in moderating the relationship between positive affect (PA) and meaning in Life. In Study 1, Sample 1, religiosity was found to moderate the relationship between naturally occurring PA and meaning in Life, showing that high levels of religiosity attenuated the effects of PA on meaning in Life. In Study 1, Sample 2, religiosity similarly moderated the effects of induced mood on meaning in Life. In addition, this pattern of results was shown to be unique to meaning in Life compared to another Life Domain (Life satisfaction). In Study 2, subliminally priming Christians with positive religious words (e.g., “Heaven”) was further shown to weaken the association between PA and meaning in Life, whereas subliminal primes of negative religious words (e.g., “hell”) weakened the association between religious commitment and meaning in Life. A competition of cues model is proposed to account for these effects.
Leonard I Pearlin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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financial strain over the Life course and health among older adults
Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 2006Co-Authors: Joan R Kahn, Leonard I PearlinAbstract:This paper focuses on financial strain across the Life course as a condition underlying health inequalities observed in later Life. The analysis is based on data from 1,167 adults 65 years and older collected as part of the “Aging, Stress and Health Study.” Relying on retrospective data about hardship experienced over the Life course, we find that long-term financial hardship is reflected in a range of health outcomes at late Life, even after controlling for the effects of current financial circumstances. Moreover, the sheer persistence of hardship matters more than its episodic occurrence or timing, so that the health effects of early hardship may be obviated if followed by no further hardship. This pattern of findings is consistent with the notion of allostatic load, the cumulative damage done to health and well-being under the burden of an unrelenting stressor in a critically important Life Domain.