Ligament

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Savio L.y. Woo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Role of biomechanics in the understanding of normal, injured, and healing Ligaments and tendons
    BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation, 2009
    Co-Authors: Ho-joong Jung, Matthew B. Fisher, Savio L.y. Woo
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACT: Ligaments and tendons are soft connective tissues which serve essential roles for biomechanical function of the musculoskeletal system by stabilizing and guiding the motion of diarthrodial joints. Nevertheless, these tissues are frequently injured due to repetition and overuse as well as quick cutting motions that involve acceleration and deceleration. These injuries often upset this balance between mobility and stability of the joint which causes damage to other soft tissues manifested as pain and other morbidity, such as osteoarthritis.The healing of Ligament and tendon injuries varies from tissue to tissue. Tendinopathies are ubiquitous and can take up to 12 months for the pain to subside before one could return to normal activity. A ruptured medial collateral Ligament (MCL) can generally heal spontaneously; however, its remodeling process takes years and its biomechanical properties remain inferior when compared to the normal MCL. It is also known that a midsubstance anterior cruciate Ligament (ACL) tear has limited healing capability, and reconstruction by soft tissue grafts has been regularly performed to regain knee function. However, long term follow-up studies have revealed that 20-25% of patients experience unsatisfactory results. Thus, a better understanding of the function of Ligaments and tendons, together with knowledge on their healing potential, may help investigators to develop novel strategies to accelerate and improve the healing process of Ligaments and tendons.With thousands of new papers published in the last ten years that involve biomechanics of Ligaments and tendons, there is an increasing appreciation of this subject area. Such attention has positively impacted clinical practice. On the other hand, biomechanical data are complex in nature, and there is a danger of misinterpreting them. Thus, in these review, we will provide the readers with a brief overview of Ligaments and tendons and refer them to appropriate methodologies used to obtain their biomechanical properties. Specifically, we hope the reader will pay attention to how the properties of these tissues can be altered due to various experimental and biologic factors. Following this background material, we will present how biomechanics can be applied to gain an understanding of the mechanisms as well as clinical management of various Ligament and tendon ailments. To conclude, new technology, including imaging and robotics as well as functional tissue engineering, that could form novel treatment strategies to enhance healing of Ligament and tendon are presented.

  • Biomechanics of knee Ligaments: Injury, healing, and repair
    Journal of Biomechanics, 2006
    Co-Authors: Savio L.y. Woo, Steven D. Abramowitch, Robert Kilger, Rui Liang
    Abstract:

    Knee Ligament injuries are common, particularly in sports and sports related activities. Rupture of these Ligaments upsets the balance between knee mobility and stability, resulting in abnormal knee kinematics and damage to other tissues in and around the joint that lead to morbidity and pain. During the past three decades, significant advances have been made in characterizing the biomechanical and biochemical properties of knee Ligaments as an individual component as well as their contribution to joint function. Further, significant knowledge on the healing process and replacement of Ligaments after rupture have helped to evaluate the effectiveness of various treatment procedures. This review paper provides an overview of the current biological and biomechanical knowledge on normal knee Ligaments, as well as Ligament healing and reconstruction following injury. Further, it deals with new and exciting functional tissue engineering approaches (ex. growth factors, gene transfer and gene therapy, cell therapy, mechanical factors, and the use of scaffolding materials) aimed at improving the healing of Ligaments as well as the interface between a replacement graft and bone. In addition, it explores the anatomical, biological and functional perspectives of current reconstruction procedures. Through the utilization of robotics technology and computational modeling, there is a better understanding of the kinematics of the knee and the in situ forces in knee Ligaments and replacement grafts. The research summarized here is multidisciplinary and cutting edge that will ultimately help improve the treatment of Ligament injuries. The material presented should serve as an inspiration to future investigators. © 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Rui Liang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Biomechanics of knee Ligaments: Injury, healing, and repair
    Journal of Biomechanics, 2006
    Co-Authors: Savio L.y. Woo, Steven D. Abramowitch, Robert Kilger, Rui Liang
    Abstract:

    Knee Ligament injuries are common, particularly in sports and sports related activities. Rupture of these Ligaments upsets the balance between knee mobility and stability, resulting in abnormal knee kinematics and damage to other tissues in and around the joint that lead to morbidity and pain. During the past three decades, significant advances have been made in characterizing the biomechanical and biochemical properties of knee Ligaments as an individual component as well as their contribution to joint function. Further, significant knowledge on the healing process and replacement of Ligaments after rupture have helped to evaluate the effectiveness of various treatment procedures. This review paper provides an overview of the current biological and biomechanical knowledge on normal knee Ligaments, as well as Ligament healing and reconstruction following injury. Further, it deals with new and exciting functional tissue engineering approaches (ex. growth factors, gene transfer and gene therapy, cell therapy, mechanical factors, and the use of scaffolding materials) aimed at improving the healing of Ligaments as well as the interface between a replacement graft and bone. In addition, it explores the anatomical, biological and functional perspectives of current reconstruction procedures. Through the utilization of robotics technology and computational modeling, there is a better understanding of the kinematics of the knee and the in situ forces in knee Ligaments and replacement grafts. The research summarized here is multidisciplinary and cutting edge that will ultimately help improve the treatment of Ligament injuries. The material presented should serve as an inspiration to future investigators. © 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

C. Niek Dijk - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Anatomy of the ankle Ligaments: a pictorial essay
    Knee Surgery Sports Traumatology Arthroscopy, 2016
    Co-Authors: Pau Golanó, Jordi Vega, Peter A. J. Leeuw, Francesc Malagelada, M. Cristina Manzanares, Víctor Götzens, C. Niek Dijk
    Abstract:

    Understanding the anatomy of the ankle Ligaments is important for correct diagnosis and treatment. Ankle Ligament injury is the most frequent cause of acute ankle pain. Chronic ankle pain often finds its cause in laxity of one of the ankle Ligaments. In this pictorial essay, the Ligaments around the ankle are grouped, depending on their anatomic orientation, and each of the ankle Ligaments is discussed in detail.

Jordi Vega - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The lateral fibulotalocalcaneal Ligament complex: an ankle stabilizing isometric structure
    Knee Surgery Sports Traumatology Arthroscopy, 2020
    Co-Authors: Jordi Vega, Francesc Malagelada, Maria-cristina Manzanares Céspedes, Miki Dalmau-pastor
    Abstract:

    Purpose Ankle lateral collateral Ligament complex has been the focus of multiple studies. However, there are no specific descriptions of how these Ligaments are connected to each other as part of the same complex. The aim of this study was to describe in detail the components of the lateral collateral Ligament complex—ATFL and CFL—and determine its anatomical relationships. Methods An anatomical study was performed in 32 fresh-frozen below-the-knee ankle specimens. A plane-per-plane anatomical dissection was performed. Overdissecting the area just distal to the inferior ATFL fascicle was avoided to not alter the original morphology of the Ligaments and the connecting fibers between them. The characteristics of the ATFL and CFL, as well as any connecting fibers between them were recorded. Measures were obtained in plantar and dorsal flexion, and by two different observers. Results The ATFL was observed as a two-fascicle Ligament in all the specimens. The superior ATFL fascicle was observed intra-articular in the ankle, in contrast to the inferior fascicle. The mean distance measured between superior ATFL fascicle insertions increases in plantar flexion (median 19.2 mm in plantar flexion, and 12.6 mm in dorsal flexion, p  

  • Anatomy of the ankle Ligaments: a pictorial essay
    Knee Surgery Sports Traumatology Arthroscopy, 2016
    Co-Authors: Pau Golanó, Jordi Vega, Peter A. J. Leeuw, Francesc Malagelada, M. Cristina Manzanares, Víctor Götzens, C. Niek Dijk
    Abstract:

    Understanding the anatomy of the ankle Ligaments is important for correct diagnosis and treatment. Ankle Ligament injury is the most frequent cause of acute ankle pain. Chronic ankle pain often finds its cause in laxity of one of the ankle Ligaments. In this pictorial essay, the Ligaments around the ankle are grouped, depending on their anatomic orientation, and each of the ankle Ligaments is discussed in detail.

Francesc Malagelada - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The lateral fibulotalocalcaneal Ligament complex: an ankle stabilizing isometric structure
    Knee Surgery Sports Traumatology Arthroscopy, 2020
    Co-Authors: Jordi Vega, Francesc Malagelada, Maria-cristina Manzanares Céspedes, Miki Dalmau-pastor
    Abstract:

    Purpose Ankle lateral collateral Ligament complex has been the focus of multiple studies. However, there are no specific descriptions of how these Ligaments are connected to each other as part of the same complex. The aim of this study was to describe in detail the components of the lateral collateral Ligament complex—ATFL and CFL—and determine its anatomical relationships. Methods An anatomical study was performed in 32 fresh-frozen below-the-knee ankle specimens. A plane-per-plane anatomical dissection was performed. Overdissecting the area just distal to the inferior ATFL fascicle was avoided to not alter the original morphology of the Ligaments and the connecting fibers between them. The characteristics of the ATFL and CFL, as well as any connecting fibers between them were recorded. Measures were obtained in plantar and dorsal flexion, and by two different observers. Results The ATFL was observed as a two-fascicle Ligament in all the specimens. The superior ATFL fascicle was observed intra-articular in the ankle, in contrast to the inferior fascicle. The mean distance measured between superior ATFL fascicle insertions increases in plantar flexion (median 19.2 mm in plantar flexion, and 12.6 mm in dorsal flexion, p  

  • Anatomy of the ankle Ligaments: a pictorial essay
    Knee Surgery Sports Traumatology Arthroscopy, 2016
    Co-Authors: Pau Golanó, Jordi Vega, Peter A. J. Leeuw, Francesc Malagelada, M. Cristina Manzanares, Víctor Götzens, C. Niek Dijk
    Abstract:

    Understanding the anatomy of the ankle Ligaments is important for correct diagnosis and treatment. Ankle Ligament injury is the most frequent cause of acute ankle pain. Chronic ankle pain often finds its cause in laxity of one of the ankle Ligaments. In this pictorial essay, the Ligaments around the ankle are grouped, depending on their anatomic orientation, and each of the ankle Ligaments is discussed in detail.