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Derk Willem Frederik Brilman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Multistage wet Lipid Extraction from fresh water stressed Neochloris oleoabundans slurry – Experiments and modelling
Algal Research, 2018Co-Authors: Boelo Schuur, Sascha R.a. Kersten, Derk Willem Frederik BrilmanAbstract:Abstract Algae are considered an important renewable feedstock for Lipid Extraction to produce biofuels. Algae strain Neochloris oleoabundans used in this research can yield a high Lipid content under stressed conditions. N-ethyl butylamine (EBA) as a switchable solvent has previously shown outstanding performance on energy efficient Lipid Extraction from non-broken wet algae slurry. In this work, a model was developed that describes the equilibrium state of Lipid Extraction from fresh water (FW)-stressed Neochloris oleoabundans algae slurry using EBA as solvent. When assuming that the cell interior is almost completely filled with the solvent phase during Extraction, the model estimated Extraction yields showed good agreement with those obtained in experiments. The developed model can predict the amount of crude Lipid being recovered from any stage of a multistage Extraction process.
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Opportunities for switchable solvents for Lipid Extraction from wet algal biomass: an energy evaluation
Algal Research, 2015Co-Authors: Boelo Schuur, Sascha R.a. Kersten, Derk Willem Frederik BrilmanAbstract:Algae are considered an important sustainable feedstock for Lipid Extraction to produce food ingredients, cosmetics, pharmaceutical products and biofuels. Next to the costs for cultivation, this route is especially hindered by the energy intensity of drying algae prior to Extraction and solvent recovery afterwards. Most commonly used Lipid Extraction methods that can be applied on wet algae biomass were reviewed in this paper. In this work the methods for wet Extraction of algae Lipids using traditional organic solvents, supercritical CO2 and CO2 switchable solvents are compared with dry Extraction on an energy consumption basis. Conceptual process designs have been made to calculate and compare the energy flows. Results show that a significant positive energy balance for Lipid Extraction is only achieved using a switchable solvent Extraction method, making this a very promising method for extracting Lipids from algae for use in energy applications
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effective Lipid Extraction from algae cultures using switchable solvents
Green Chemistry, 2013Co-Authors: Chiara Samori, Derk Willem Frederik Brilman, Diego Lopez Barreiro, Robin Vet, Laura Pezzolesi, Paola Galletti, Emilio TagliaviniAbstract:A new procedure based on switchable polarity solvents (SPS) was proposed for Lipid Extraction of wet algal samples or cultures, thereby circumventing the need for an energy intensive drying step and facilitating easy recovery of the Lipids from the Extraction liquid. Lipids were extracted by using N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine (DMCHA) and recovered by adding CO2, thereby switching DMCHA into a hydrogen carbonate ammonium salt and resulting in the formation of a separate liquid Lipid phase.
Ruth H. Carmichael - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The effect of Lipid Extraction on carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios in oyster tissues: Implications for glycogen-rich species.
Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 2016Co-Authors: H. K. Patterson, Ruth H. CarmichaelAbstract:Rationale Extraction of Lipids from tissues prior to carbon stable isotope analysis (SIA) has become a common practice, despite a lack of species-specific data to indicate when Lipid Extraction is needed. Marine invertebrates, including bivalves, are known to store carbon as glycogen and less in the form of Lipids than other species, potentially reducing the need for Lipid Extraction even when C:N values are above 3.5, a value that previous studies suggest indicates a need for Lipid Extraction of animal tissues. Methods We investigated the need for Lipid Extraction on individual tissues (adductor muscle, gut gland, gill) and whole tissue of a glycogen-storing species, the oyster Crassostrea virginica. Bulk and Lipid-extracted samples were analyzed for their C and N stable isotope ratios by continuous flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS). Samples were analyzed on a 20–20 isotope ratio mass spectrometer (PDZ Europa) after combustion in an elemental analyzer (PDZ Europa Automatic Analyzer-Gas Solid Liquid). Results Although the C:N values for most bulk (unextracted) tissue samples were greater than 3.5, the Lipid-extracted δ13C values did not differ from the bulk values. Lipid Extraction, however, affected δ15N values in all tissue types except adductor muscle, indicating that separate SIA may be required when tissues are Lipid extracted. Conclusions These data demonstrate that it is not necessary to Lipid extract oyster tissues in all cases, and that C:N thresholds for Lipid Extraction in other species may not be reliable for organisms such as oysters that store glycogen. Our data indicate that minimizing unnecessary Lipid Extraction through preliminary testing will save researchers time and expense by avoiding superfluous sample handling, reducing concern over secondary effects on data quality, and reducing the costs of reagents and additional separate stable isotope analysis to ensure analytical accuracy. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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The effect of Lipid Extraction on carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios in oyster tissues: Implications for glycogen-rich species.
Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 2016Co-Authors: H. K. Patterson, Ruth H. CarmichaelAbstract:Rationale Extraction of Lipids from tissues prior to carbon stable isotope analysis (SIA) has become a common practice, despite a lack of species-specific data to indicate when Lipid Extraction is needed. Marine invertebrates, including bivalves, are known to store carbon as glycogen and less in the form of Lipids than other species, potentially reducing the need for Lipid Extraction even when C:N values are above 3.5, a value that previous studies suggest indicates a need for Lipid Extraction of animal tissues. Methods We investigated the need for Lipid Extraction on individual tissues (adductor muscle, gut gland, gill) and whole tissue of a glycogen-storing species, the oyster Crassostrea virginica. Bulk and Lipid-extracted samples were analyzed for their C and N stable isotope ratios by continuous flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS). Samples were analyzed on a 20–20 isotope ratio mass spectrometer (PDZ Europa) after combustion in an elemental analyzer (PDZ Europa Automatic Analyzer-Gas Solid Liquid). Results Although the C:N values for most bulk (unextracted) tissue samples were greater than 3.5, the Lipid-extracted δ13C values did not differ from the bulk values. Lipid Extraction, however, affected δ15N values in all tissue types except adductor muscle, indicating that separate SIA may be required when tissues are Lipid extracted. Conclusions These data demonstrate that it is not necessary to Lipid extract oyster tissues in all cases, and that C:N thresholds for Lipid Extraction in other species may not be reliable for organisms such as oysters that store glycogen. Our data indicate that minimizing unnecessary Lipid Extraction through preliminary testing will save researchers time and expense by avoiding superfluous sample handling, reducing concern over secondary effects on data quality, and reducing the costs of reagents and additional separate stable isotope analysis to ensure analytical accuracy. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Boelo Schuur - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Multistage wet Lipid Extraction from fresh water stressed Neochloris oleoabundans slurry – Experiments and modelling
Algal Research, 2018Co-Authors: Boelo Schuur, Sascha R.a. Kersten, Derk Willem Frederik BrilmanAbstract:Abstract Algae are considered an important renewable feedstock for Lipid Extraction to produce biofuels. Algae strain Neochloris oleoabundans used in this research can yield a high Lipid content under stressed conditions. N-ethyl butylamine (EBA) as a switchable solvent has previously shown outstanding performance on energy efficient Lipid Extraction from non-broken wet algae slurry. In this work, a model was developed that describes the equilibrium state of Lipid Extraction from fresh water (FW)-stressed Neochloris oleoabundans algae slurry using EBA as solvent. When assuming that the cell interior is almost completely filled with the solvent phase during Extraction, the model estimated Extraction yields showed good agreement with those obtained in experiments. The developed model can predict the amount of crude Lipid being recovered from any stage of a multistage Extraction process.
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Opportunities for switchable solvents for Lipid Extraction from wet algal biomass: an energy evaluation
Algal Research, 2015Co-Authors: Boelo Schuur, Sascha R.a. Kersten, Derk Willem Frederik BrilmanAbstract:Algae are considered an important sustainable feedstock for Lipid Extraction to produce food ingredients, cosmetics, pharmaceutical products and biofuels. Next to the costs for cultivation, this route is especially hindered by the energy intensity of drying algae prior to Extraction and solvent recovery afterwards. Most commonly used Lipid Extraction methods that can be applied on wet algae biomass were reviewed in this paper. In this work the methods for wet Extraction of algae Lipids using traditional organic solvents, supercritical CO2 and CO2 switchable solvents are compared with dry Extraction on an energy consumption basis. Conceptual process designs have been made to calculate and compare the energy flows. Results show that a significant positive energy balance for Lipid Extraction is only achieved using a switchable solvent Extraction method, making this a very promising method for extracting Lipids from algae for use in energy applications
Ronald C Sims - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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biodiesel from mixed culture algae via a wet Lipid Extraction procedure
Bioresource Technology, 2012Co-Authors: Ashik Sathish, Ronald C SimsAbstract:Microalgae are a source of renewable oil for liquid fuels. However, costs for dewatering/drying, Extraction, and processing have limited commercial scale production of biodiesel from algal biomass. A wet Lipid Extraction procedure was developed that was capable of extracting 79% of transesterifiable Lipids from wet algal biomass (84% moisture) via acid and base hydrolysis (90 °C and ambient pressures), and 76% of those extracted Lipids were isolated, by further processing, and converted to FAMEs. Furthermore, the procedure was capable of removing chlorophyll contamination of the algal Lipid extract through precipitation. In addition, the procedure generated side streams that serve as feedstocks for microbial conversion to additional bioproducts. The capability of the procedure to extract Lipids from wet algal biomass, to reduce/remove chlorophyll contamination, to potentially reduce organic solvent demand, and to generate feedstocks for high-value bioproducts presents opportunities to reduce costs of scaling up algal Lipid Extraction for biodiesel production.
H. K. Patterson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The effect of Lipid Extraction on carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios in oyster tissues: Implications for glycogen-rich species.
Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 2016Co-Authors: H. K. Patterson, Ruth H. CarmichaelAbstract:Rationale Extraction of Lipids from tissues prior to carbon stable isotope analysis (SIA) has become a common practice, despite a lack of species-specific data to indicate when Lipid Extraction is needed. Marine invertebrates, including bivalves, are known to store carbon as glycogen and less in the form of Lipids than other species, potentially reducing the need for Lipid Extraction even when C:N values are above 3.5, a value that previous studies suggest indicates a need for Lipid Extraction of animal tissues. Methods We investigated the need for Lipid Extraction on individual tissues (adductor muscle, gut gland, gill) and whole tissue of a glycogen-storing species, the oyster Crassostrea virginica. Bulk and Lipid-extracted samples were analyzed for their C and N stable isotope ratios by continuous flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS). Samples were analyzed on a 20–20 isotope ratio mass spectrometer (PDZ Europa) after combustion in an elemental analyzer (PDZ Europa Automatic Analyzer-Gas Solid Liquid). Results Although the C:N values for most bulk (unextracted) tissue samples were greater than 3.5, the Lipid-extracted δ13C values did not differ from the bulk values. Lipid Extraction, however, affected δ15N values in all tissue types except adductor muscle, indicating that separate SIA may be required when tissues are Lipid extracted. Conclusions These data demonstrate that it is not necessary to Lipid extract oyster tissues in all cases, and that C:N thresholds for Lipid Extraction in other species may not be reliable for organisms such as oysters that store glycogen. Our data indicate that minimizing unnecessary Lipid Extraction through preliminary testing will save researchers time and expense by avoiding superfluous sample handling, reducing concern over secondary effects on data quality, and reducing the costs of reagents and additional separate stable isotope analysis to ensure analytical accuracy. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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The effect of Lipid Extraction on carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios in oyster tissues: Implications for glycogen-rich species.
Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 2016Co-Authors: H. K. Patterson, Ruth H. CarmichaelAbstract:Rationale Extraction of Lipids from tissues prior to carbon stable isotope analysis (SIA) has become a common practice, despite a lack of species-specific data to indicate when Lipid Extraction is needed. Marine invertebrates, including bivalves, are known to store carbon as glycogen and less in the form of Lipids than other species, potentially reducing the need for Lipid Extraction even when C:N values are above 3.5, a value that previous studies suggest indicates a need for Lipid Extraction of animal tissues. Methods We investigated the need for Lipid Extraction on individual tissues (adductor muscle, gut gland, gill) and whole tissue of a glycogen-storing species, the oyster Crassostrea virginica. Bulk and Lipid-extracted samples were analyzed for their C and N stable isotope ratios by continuous flow isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS). Samples were analyzed on a 20–20 isotope ratio mass spectrometer (PDZ Europa) after combustion in an elemental analyzer (PDZ Europa Automatic Analyzer-Gas Solid Liquid). Results Although the C:N values for most bulk (unextracted) tissue samples were greater than 3.5, the Lipid-extracted δ13C values did not differ from the bulk values. Lipid Extraction, however, affected δ15N values in all tissue types except adductor muscle, indicating that separate SIA may be required when tissues are Lipid extracted. Conclusions These data demonstrate that it is not necessary to Lipid extract oyster tissues in all cases, and that C:N thresholds for Lipid Extraction in other species may not be reliable for organisms such as oysters that store glycogen. Our data indicate that minimizing unnecessary Lipid Extraction through preliminary testing will save researchers time and expense by avoiding superfluous sample handling, reducing concern over secondary effects on data quality, and reducing the costs of reagents and additional separate stable isotope analysis to ensure analytical accuracy. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.