The Experts below are selected from a list of 327 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Hiroyuki Takeuchi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of structured medium and Long Chain Triacylglycerols in diets with various levels of fat on body fat accumulation in rats
British Journal of Nutrition, 2004Co-Authors: Tatsuhiro Matsuo, Hiroyuki TakeuchiAbstract:The effects of structured medium- and Long-Chain Triacylglycerols (MLCT) in diets containing 50-200 g fat/kg on body fat accumulation were compared with those of Long-Chain Triacylglycerols (LCT) in rats. In rats fed ad libitum, weights of intra-abdominal adipose tissues and carcass fat contents were significantly smaller (P<0.05) in rats fed the 150-200 g MLCT/kg diet than in rats fed 150-200 g LCT/kg diet. Serum and liver triacylglycerol contents were significantly greater (P<0.05) in rats fed 200 g MLCT/kg diet, as were hepatic capacities of citrate synthase and cytochrome oxidase (P<0.05). The effects of MLCT on body fat were also examined in adult rats fed a limited amount of food (approximately 50 % of ad libitum intake). Reduction of body fat deposition during the food restriction was the same between in LCT and MLCT groups. These results suggest that accumulation of body fat was less efficient during Long-term feeding of MLCT than LCT in rats fed high-fat diets ad libitum. The effect of MLCT on body fat might be influenced by the dietary fat content or by energy sufficiency.
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Effects of structured medium- and Long-Chain Triacylglycerols in diets with various levels of fat on body fat accumulation in rats.
The British journal of nutrition, 2004Co-Authors: Tatsuhiro Matsuo, Hiroyuki TakeuchiAbstract:The effects of structured medium- and Long-Chain Triacylglycerols (MLCT) in diets containing 50-200 g fat/kg on body fat accumulation were compared with those of Long-Chain Triacylglycerols (LCT) in rats. In rats fed ad libitum, weights of intra-abdominal adipose tissues and carcass fat contents were significantly smaller (P
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Comparison of diet-induced thermogenesis of foods containing medium- versus Long-Chain Triacylglycerols.
Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology, 2002Co-Authors: Michio Kasai, Naohisa Nosaka, Yoshie Suzuki, Hiroyuki Takeuchi, Toshiaki Aoyama, Mitsuko Okazaki, Hideaki Maki, Atsushi Ohra, Youji Harada, Kazuo KondoAbstract:The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 5-10 g of medium-Chain Triacylglycerols (MCT) on diet-induced thermogenesis in healthy humans. The study compared diet-induced thermogenesis after ingestion of test foods containing MCT and Long-Chain Triacylglycerols (LCT), using a double-blind, crossover design. Eight male and eight female subjects participated in study 1 and study 2, respectively. In both studies, the LCT was a blend of rapeseed oil and soybean oil. In study 1, the liquid meals contained 10 g MCT (10M), a mixture of 5 g MCT and 5 g LCT (5M5L), and 10 g LCT (10L). In study 2, the subjects were given a meal (sandwich and clear soup) with the mayonnaise or margarine containing 5 g of MCT or LCT. Postprandial energy expenditure was measured by indirect calorimetry before and during the 6 h after ingestion of the test meals. Diet-induced thermogenesis was significantly greater after 5M5L and 10M Ingestion as compared to 10L ingestion. Ingestion of the mayonnaise or margarine containing 5 g MCT caused significantly larger diet-induced thermogenesis as compared to that of LCT. These results suggest that, in healthy humans, the intake of 5-10 g of MCT causes larger diet-induced thermogenesis than that of LCT, irrespective of the form of meal containing the MCT.
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Larger diet-induced thermogenesis and less body fat accumulation in rats fed medium-Chain Triacylglycerols than in those fed Long-Chain Triacylglycerols.
Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology, 2002Co-Authors: Osamu Noguchi, Hiroyuki Takeuchi, Hiroaki Tsuji, Fumie Kubota, Toshiaki AoyamaAbstract:It has been previously shown that a diet containing medium-Chain Triacylglycerols (MCT) leads to less body fat accumulation as compared to a diet containing LongChain Triacylglycerols (LCT). We investigated the involvement of diet-induced thermogenesis in the accumulation of body fat in rats fed a diet containing MCT. Twelve male Wistar rats were administered 1 g of MCT or LCT by gavage, and their oxygen consumption was measured for 6 h (experiment 1). Forty male Wistar rats were fed a diet containing 10% MCT or LCT for 6 wk, and their body composition was determined (experiment 2). In experiment 1, oxygen consumption increased to a greater extent after MCT administration than after LCT administration. Diet-induced thermogenesis was significantly (0.67±0.14 kcal) larger after the administration of 1 g of MCT. In experiment 2, there were no differences in food intake or carcass protein content between the LCT group and MCT group. However, carcass fat and intra-abdominal fat content were significantly lower in rats fed MCT than in those fed LCT. We calculated that ingestion of 1 g of MCT decreased body fat by 0.94±0.27 kcal relative to the ingestion of LCT. These results suggest that the larger diet-induced thermogenesis observed in rats fed MCT, compared to that of those fed LCT, is one of the main factors involved in the suppression of body fat accumulation in rats fed MCT.
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effects of a liquid diet supplement containing structured medium and Long Chain Triacylglycerols on bodyfat accumulation in healthy young subjects
Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2001Co-Authors: Tatsuhiro Matsuo, Michio Kasai, Masako Matsuo, Hiroyuki TakeuchiAbstract:The effects of a liquid-formula diet supplement containing structured medium- and Long-Chain Triacylglycerols (SMLCT) composed of medium- (10%) and Long-Chain (90%) fatty acids were compared with those of LongChain Triacylglycerols (LCT) on bodyfat accumulation in 13 healthy male volunteers aged 18‐20 years. The subjects were randomly assigned the SMLCT or LCT group. The subjects in each group received a liquidformula diet supplement of the SMLCT or LCT, which provided 1040 kJ plus daily energy intake for 12 weeks. Mean energy intake containing liquid diet throughout the 12-week period did not differ between the SMLCT and LCT groups. Bodyweight of subjects in both groups increased slightly from the baseline throughout the 12week period, but the differences were not significant. Rates of variation of bodyfat percentage were significantly lower in the SMLCT group than in the LCT group throughout the 12-week period. Comparisons between the SMLCT and LCT groups at baseline and 12 weeks showed no significant differences in any of the biochemical blood parameters. These results suggest that replacing LCT with SMLCT over Long periods of time could produce bodyfat loss in the absence of reduced energy intake.
Zeyuan Deng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Consumption of Interesterified Medium- and Long-Chain Triacylglycerols Improves Lipid Metabolism and Reduces Inflammation in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Rats
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 2020Co-Authors: Chen Sunni, Hong-lin Zhu, Xian Niu, Yawei Fan, Zeyuan DengAbstract:Medium- and Long-Chain Triacylglycerols (MLCTs) were synthesized from rapeseed oil (RO), one kind of commonly used edible Long-Chain Triacylglycerols (TGs), and then delivered to high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese rats. Compared with RO, MLCT consumption exhibited more potent effects on reducing body and tissue weight gains, plasma TG, and total cholesterol (TC) levels and on improving hepatic TG, TC, fatty acid synthase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, and lipoprteinlipase contents. Meanwhile, lower amounts of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and endotoxin in plasma, lower levels of interleukin-6 and TNF-α, and higher levels of interleukin-10 in both livers and white adipose tissues were detected in MLCT-fed rats. MLCT intake also remarkably suppressed the size of adipocytes and the number of macrophages. In conclusion, our study suggested that the interesterified MLCT was more efficacious in improving the lipid metabolism and inflammation in HFD-induced obese rats than RO.
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Enzymatic synthesis of 1,3-oleic-2-medium Chain Triacylglycerols and strategy of controlling acyl migration: insights from experiment and molecular dynamics simulation
International Journal of Food Properties, 2020Co-Authors: Bin Peng, Jian-yuan Yang, Xianbiao Liu, Liufeng Zheng, Zeyuan DengAbstract:Medium- and Long-Chain Triacylglycerols (MLCTs) with high 1,3-oleic-2-medium Chain (OMO) Triacylglycerols content were synthesized by the acidolysis reaction between Cinnamomum camphora seed oil (C...
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investigation of lipid metabolism by a new structured lipid with medium and Long Chain Triacylglycerols from cinnamomum camphora seed oil in healthy c57bl 6j mice
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2018Co-Authors: Jinrong Shen, Chaoyue Xiong, Xuemei Zhu, Zeyuan DengAbstract:In the present study, a new structured lipid with medium- and Long-Chain Triacylglycerols (MLCTs) was synthesized from camellia oil (CO) and Cinnamomum camphora seed oil (CCSO) by enzymatic interesterification. Meanwhile, the antiobesity effects of structured lipid were investigated through observing the changes of enzymes related to lipid mobilization in healthy C57BL/6J mice. Results showed that after synthesis, the major triacylgeride (TAG) species of intesterificated product changed to LaCC/CLaC (12.6 ± 0.46%), LaCO/LCL (21.7 ± 0.76%), CCO/LaCL (14.2 ± 0.55%), COO/OCO (10.8 ± 0.43%), and OOO (18.6 ± 0.64%). Through second-stage molecular distillation, the purity of interesterified product (MLCT) achieved 95.6%. Later, male C57BL/6J mice were applied to study whether the new structured lipid with MLCT has the efficacy of preventing the formation of obesity or not. After feeding with different diets for 6 weeks, MLCTs could reduce body weight and fat deposition in adipose tissue, lower plasma triacylgly...
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enzymatic synthesis of medium and Long Chain Triacylglycerols enriched structured lipid from cinnamomum camphora seed oil and camellia oil by lipozyme rm im
International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 2014Co-Authors: Manli Zhao, Yawei Fan, Xuemei Zhu, Zeyuan DengAbstract:Summary Medium- and Long-Chain Triacylglycerols (MLCTs)–enriched structured lipid (SL) was synthesised through enzymatic interesterification from Cinnamomum camphora seed oil (CCSO) and camellia oil (CO) using Lipozyme RM IM from Rhizomucor miehei as a biocatalyst. Effects of different reaction conditions including substrate molar ratio, reaction time and reaction temperature were investigated. Results showed that 55.81% of total MLCT species (CCO/LaCL, LaCO/LCL, COO/OCO and LaOO/OLaO) was obtained in the interesterified product under the optimal conditions of substrate molar ratio of 1:1.5 (CCSO/CO) at 60 °C for 3 h. Thereafter, fatty acid profiles, tocopherol contents and physiochemical characteristics of the interesterified product and physical blend were comparatively investigated. The fatty acid composition of the interesterified product consisted of capric acid (26.33%), lauric acid (21.29%) and oleic acid (42.33%). It should be mentioned that the interesterified product contained predominantly oleic acid (88.69%) at Sn-2 position, while MCFAs (68.05%) at Sn-1,3 positions. Compared with physical blend, the reduction in tocopherol contents and changes of physiochemical characteristics occurred in SL. The smoke point of the interesterified product was much higher than that of the physical blend, which meant that such MLCTs-enriched SL could be better for cooking purpose.
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Enzymatic synthesis of medium‐ and Long‐Chain Triacylglycerols–enriched structured lipid from Cinnamomum camphora seed oil and camellia oil by Lipozyme RM IM
International Journal of Food Science & Technology, 2013Co-Authors: Manli Zhao, Yawei Fan, Xuemei Zhu, Zeyuan DengAbstract:Summary Medium- and Long-Chain Triacylglycerols (MLCTs)–enriched structured lipid (SL) was synthesised through enzymatic interesterification from Cinnamomum camphora seed oil (CCSO) and camellia oil (CO) using Lipozyme RM IM from Rhizomucor miehei as a biocatalyst. Effects of different reaction conditions including substrate molar ratio, reaction time and reaction temperature were investigated. Results showed that 55.81% of total MLCT species (CCO/LaCL, LaCO/LCL, COO/OCO and LaOO/OLaO) was obtained in the interesterified product under the optimal conditions of substrate molar ratio of 1:1.5 (CCSO/CO) at 60 °C for 3 h. Thereafter, fatty acid profiles, tocopherol contents and physiochemical characteristics of the interesterified product and physical blend were comparatively investigated. The fatty acid composition of the interesterified product consisted of capric acid (26.33%), lauric acid (21.29%) and oleic acid (42.33%). It should be mentioned that the interesterified product contained predominantly oleic acid (88.69%) at Sn-2 position, while MCFAs (68.05%) at Sn-1,3 positions. Compared with physical blend, the reduction in tocopherol contents and changes of physiochemical characteristics occurred in SL. The smoke point of the interesterified product was much higher than that of the physical blend, which meant that such MLCTs-enriched SL could be better for cooking purpose.
Qingzhe Jin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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biosynthesis of structured lipids enriched with medium and Long Chain Triacylglycerols for human milk fat substitute
Lwt - Food Science and Technology, 2020Co-Authors: Tinglan Yuan, Xingguo Wang, Wei Wei, Qingzhe JinAbstract:Abstract Human milk fat is rich in medium and Long-Chain triacylglycerol (MLCT), especially the triacylglycerol with one medium-Chain fatty acid and two Long-Chain fatty acids (MLL type). To obtain human milk fat substitutes having similarity in medium and Long-Chain triacylglycerol (MLCT) composition to human milk, structured lipids (SLs) enriched with medium-Chain fatty acid and high content of 16:0 at sn-2 position of glycerol backbone were synthesized from catfish oil and coconut oil through enzymatic interesterification. The different immobilized lipases and the reaction conditions (substrate ratio, temperature, enzyme load and reaction time) were investigated. Under the optimal conditions, the content of MLCT and MLL reached 62.14% and 39.85%, respectively. Moreover, the relative content of 16:0 at the sn-2 position was 46.14%, and the most abundant TAGs in the final SL were 12:0/16:0/18:1, 12:0/18:1/18:1, 12:0/14:0/18:1, 12:0/12:0/18:1. The novel SLs as human milk fat substitutes enriched with MLCTs was produced and have potential application in infant formulas.
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triacylglycerol containing medium Chain fatty acids comparison of human milk and infant formulas on lipolysis during in vitro digestion
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2020Co-Authors: Tinglan Yuan, Xingguo Wang, Ziwei Geng, Xinyue Dai, Xinghe Zhang, Wei Wei, Qingzhe JinAbstract:Medium-Chain triacylglycerol (MCT) is widely used in infant formulas (IFs) to provide medium-Chain fatty acids (MCFAs) for infants with special fat absorption requirements. However, MCFAs naturally present in human milk are medium-and Long-Chain Triacylglycerols (MLCTs). This study investigated the effect of triacylglycerol containing MCFAs (MLCT vs MCT) on lipolysis by comparison of human milk and IFs containing 0, 20, 30, and 55% of MCT (IF 1 to IF 4) using an in vitro digestion model. Rabbit gastric lipase showed an extent of digestion within the expected range, and was selected as the alternative to human gastric lipase. All IFs showed a lower lipolysis degree compared with human milk. There was no significant difference (p = 0.175) among IFs supplemented with MCT at the end of intestinal digestion. In addition, the digestion of IFs with different MCT contents led to different free fatty acid profiles, which may have health effects on infants.
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Preparation of DHA-Rich Medium- and Long-Chain Triacylglycerols by Lipase-Catalyzed Acidolysis of Microbial Oil from Schizochytrium sp.with Medium-Chain Fatty Acids.
Applied biochemistry and biotechnology, 2020Co-Authors: Zou Xiaoqiang, Zhang Hui, Qingzhe JinAbstract:DHA-rich medium- and Long-Chain Triacylglycerols (MLCT) were produced by lipase-catalyzed acidolysis of microbial oil from Schizochytrium sp. with medium-Chain fatty acids (MCFA). Four commercial lipases, i.e., NS40086, Novozym 435, Lipozyme RM IM, and Lipozyme TL IM were screened based on their activity and fatty acid specificity. The selected conditions for MLCT synthesis were Lipozyme RM IM as catalyst, reaction time 6 h, lipase load 8 wt%, substrate molar ratio (MCFA/microbial oil) 3:1, and temperature 55 °C. Under the selected conditions, the lipase could be reused successively for 17 cycles without significant loss of lipase activity. The obtained product contained 27.53% MCFA, 95.29% at sn-1,3 positions, and 44.70% DHA, 69.77% at sn-2 position. Fifty-nine types of Triacylglycerols (TAG) were identified, in which 35 types of TAG contained MCFA, the content accounting for 55.35%. This product enriched with DHA at sn-2 position and MCFA at sn-1,3 positions can improve its digestion and absorption under an infant’s digestive system, and thus has potential to be used in infant formula to increase the bioavailability of DHA.
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triacylglycerol containing medium Chain fatty acids mcfa tag the gap between human milk and infant formulas
International Dairy Journal, 2019Co-Authors: Tinglan Yuan, Xingguo Wang, Wei Wei, Hui Zhang, Xiaosan Wang, Qin Zhou, Qingzhe JinAbstract:Abstract The high concentration of medium-Chain fatty acids (MCFAs) in human milk has special benefits for infants. The study compared the characteristic of triacylglycerol containing MCFAs (MCFA-TAG) in human milk and infant formulas with different fat sources including plant oil, cows' milk and goats' milk (POF, CMF and GMF, respectively). Significant differences were observed in both the concentration and composition of the MCFA-TAG. The MCFAs naturally present in human milk were medium-and-Long Chain Triacylglycerols (MLCTs), especially the TAG with one MCFA and two Long-Chain fatty acids (MLL type), whereas POF contained higher proportions of the TAG with three MCFAs (MMM type) and GMF contained higher proportions of the TAG with two MCFAs and one LCFA (MML type) than that in human milk. The results indicated that deeper research is needed to narrow the gap in MCFA-TAGs between human milk and infant formulas.
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Preparation of medium and Long Chain Triacylglycerols by lipase-catalyzed interesterification in a solvent-free system
Process Biochemistry, 2017Co-Authors: Lu Jiyuan, Xingguo Wang, Qingzhe Jin, Xiaosan WangAbstract:Abstract Synthesis of medium and Long Chain Triacylglycerols (MLCTs) by lipase-catalyzed interesterification of soybean oil with medium Chain Triacylglycerols (MCTs) in a solvent-free system is investigated in this study. Firstly, reaction conditions of the interesterification were optimized. Under the optimum conditions (Lipozyme 435 of 8% as catalyst, substrate ratio of 40:60, heating temperature of 90 °C, reaction time of 6 h), MLCTs were obtained in a 74.9% yield Secondly, a two-step purification was conducted to reduce acid, peroxide values and diacylglycerol content to acceptable levels. After the deacidification by the neutralization and silica gel absorption, acid, peroxide values and diacylglycerol content were reduced to 0.14 mg/g, 1.5 mmol/kg and 1.2%, respectively. The determined levels of physicochemical parameters of purified MLCTs fell within the permitted ranges of the Chinese national standard specification for MLCTs. After a two-step purification, a qualified product was produced and can be used in pharmaceutical industry as a component of fat emulsion injection. The process for the preparation of MLCTs is scalable. Differently from previous studies, the aim of this study is to obtain MLCTs products meeting the national standard JX20070100 for structured Triacylglycerols.
Tatsuhiro Matsuo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of structured medium and Long Chain Triacylglycerols in diets with various levels of fat on body fat accumulation in rats
British Journal of Nutrition, 2004Co-Authors: Tatsuhiro Matsuo, Hiroyuki TakeuchiAbstract:The effects of structured medium- and Long-Chain Triacylglycerols (MLCT) in diets containing 50-200 g fat/kg on body fat accumulation were compared with those of Long-Chain Triacylglycerols (LCT) in rats. In rats fed ad libitum, weights of intra-abdominal adipose tissues and carcass fat contents were significantly smaller (P<0.05) in rats fed the 150-200 g MLCT/kg diet than in rats fed 150-200 g LCT/kg diet. Serum and liver triacylglycerol contents were significantly greater (P<0.05) in rats fed 200 g MLCT/kg diet, as were hepatic capacities of citrate synthase and cytochrome oxidase (P<0.05). The effects of MLCT on body fat were also examined in adult rats fed a limited amount of food (approximately 50 % of ad libitum intake). Reduction of body fat deposition during the food restriction was the same between in LCT and MLCT groups. These results suggest that accumulation of body fat was less efficient during Long-term feeding of MLCT than LCT in rats fed high-fat diets ad libitum. The effect of MLCT on body fat might be influenced by the dietary fat content or by energy sufficiency.
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Effects of structured medium- and Long-Chain Triacylglycerols in diets with various levels of fat on body fat accumulation in rats.
The British journal of nutrition, 2004Co-Authors: Tatsuhiro Matsuo, Hiroyuki TakeuchiAbstract:The effects of structured medium- and Long-Chain Triacylglycerols (MLCT) in diets containing 50-200 g fat/kg on body fat accumulation were compared with those of Long-Chain Triacylglycerols (LCT) in rats. In rats fed ad libitum, weights of intra-abdominal adipose tissues and carcass fat contents were significantly smaller (P
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effects of a liquid diet supplement containing structured medium and Long Chain Triacylglycerols on bodyfat accumulation in healthy young subjects
Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2001Co-Authors: Tatsuhiro Matsuo, Michio Kasai, Masako Matsuo, Hiroyuki TakeuchiAbstract:The effects of a liquid-formula diet supplement containing structured medium- and Long-Chain Triacylglycerols (SMLCT) composed of medium- (10%) and Long-Chain (90%) fatty acids were compared with those of LongChain Triacylglycerols (LCT) on bodyfat accumulation in 13 healthy male volunteers aged 18‐20 years. The subjects were randomly assigned the SMLCT or LCT group. The subjects in each group received a liquidformula diet supplement of the SMLCT or LCT, which provided 1040 kJ plus daily energy intake for 12 weeks. Mean energy intake containing liquid diet throughout the 12-week period did not differ between the SMLCT and LCT groups. Bodyweight of subjects in both groups increased slightly from the baseline throughout the 12week period, but the differences were not significant. Rates of variation of bodyfat percentage were significantly lower in the SMLCT group than in the LCT group throughout the 12-week period. Comparisons between the SMLCT and LCT groups at baseline and 12 weeks showed no significant differences in any of the biochemical blood parameters. These results suggest that replacing LCT with SMLCT over Long periods of time could produce bodyfat loss in the absence of reduced energy intake.
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the thermic effect is greater for structured medium and Long Chain Triacylglycerols versus Long Chain Triacylglycerols in healthy young women
Metabolism-clinical and Experimental, 2001Co-Authors: Tatsuhiro Matsuo, Masako Matsuo, Nobuo Taguchi, Hiroyuki TakeuchiAbstract:The purpose of this study was to investigate the hypothesis that a single dose of structured medium- and Long-Chain Triacylglycerols (SMLCTs) composed of medium-Chain (20%) and Long-Chain (80%) fatty acids would increase the metabolic rate more than a dose of Long-Chain Triacylglycerols (LCTs) in 15 healthy young women aged 18 to 28 years. The effects on postingestive energy expenditure were compared for SMLCTs versus LCTs. On the experimental days, the subjects fasted overnight and then ingested 1,680 kJ SMLCTs or LCTs each day. Energy expenditure and the respiratory quotient (RQ) were measured before and after SMLCT and LCT ingestion by indirect calorimetry. Blood samples were collected before and after ingestion to obtain plasma and serum. Postingestive total energy expenditure (PTEE) was significantly higher after SMLCT ingestion versus LCT ingestion (26.9 ± 1.0 v 25.5 ± 1.1 kJ/kg/6 h, P < .05). The thermic effects of the test oil were also significantly greater after SMLCT ingestion compared with LCT ingestion (3.02 ± 0.49 v 1.47 ± 0.82 kJ/kg/6 h, P < .01). Plasma glucose and serum triacylglycerol concentrations were not significantly different. Serum free fatty acid and 3-hydroxybutyric acid concentrations were higher after SMLCT ingestion versus LCT ingestion. These results suggest that Long-term substitution of SMLCTs for LCTs will produce body fat loss if energy intake remains constant.
Xingguo Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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biosynthesis of structured lipids enriched with medium and Long Chain Triacylglycerols for human milk fat substitute
Lwt - Food Science and Technology, 2020Co-Authors: Tinglan Yuan, Xingguo Wang, Wei Wei, Qingzhe JinAbstract:Abstract Human milk fat is rich in medium and Long-Chain triacylglycerol (MLCT), especially the triacylglycerol with one medium-Chain fatty acid and two Long-Chain fatty acids (MLL type). To obtain human milk fat substitutes having similarity in medium and Long-Chain triacylglycerol (MLCT) composition to human milk, structured lipids (SLs) enriched with medium-Chain fatty acid and high content of 16:0 at sn-2 position of glycerol backbone were synthesized from catfish oil and coconut oil through enzymatic interesterification. The different immobilized lipases and the reaction conditions (substrate ratio, temperature, enzyme load and reaction time) were investigated. Under the optimal conditions, the content of MLCT and MLL reached 62.14% and 39.85%, respectively. Moreover, the relative content of 16:0 at the sn-2 position was 46.14%, and the most abundant TAGs in the final SL were 12:0/16:0/18:1, 12:0/18:1/18:1, 12:0/14:0/18:1, 12:0/12:0/18:1. The novel SLs as human milk fat substitutes enriched with MLCTs was produced and have potential application in infant formulas.
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triacylglycerol containing medium Chain fatty acids comparison of human milk and infant formulas on lipolysis during in vitro digestion
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2020Co-Authors: Tinglan Yuan, Xingguo Wang, Ziwei Geng, Xinyue Dai, Xinghe Zhang, Wei Wei, Qingzhe JinAbstract:Medium-Chain triacylglycerol (MCT) is widely used in infant formulas (IFs) to provide medium-Chain fatty acids (MCFAs) for infants with special fat absorption requirements. However, MCFAs naturally present in human milk are medium-and Long-Chain Triacylglycerols (MLCTs). This study investigated the effect of triacylglycerol containing MCFAs (MLCT vs MCT) on lipolysis by comparison of human milk and IFs containing 0, 20, 30, and 55% of MCT (IF 1 to IF 4) using an in vitro digestion model. Rabbit gastric lipase showed an extent of digestion within the expected range, and was selected as the alternative to human gastric lipase. All IFs showed a lower lipolysis degree compared with human milk. There was no significant difference (p = 0.175) among IFs supplemented with MCT at the end of intestinal digestion. In addition, the digestion of IFs with different MCT contents led to different free fatty acid profiles, which may have health effects on infants.
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triacylglycerol containing medium Chain fatty acids mcfa tag the gap between human milk and infant formulas
International Dairy Journal, 2019Co-Authors: Tinglan Yuan, Xingguo Wang, Wei Wei, Hui Zhang, Xiaosan Wang, Qin Zhou, Qingzhe JinAbstract:Abstract The high concentration of medium-Chain fatty acids (MCFAs) in human milk has special benefits for infants. The study compared the characteristic of triacylglycerol containing MCFAs (MCFA-TAG) in human milk and infant formulas with different fat sources including plant oil, cows' milk and goats' milk (POF, CMF and GMF, respectively). Significant differences were observed in both the concentration and composition of the MCFA-TAG. The MCFAs naturally present in human milk were medium-and-Long Chain Triacylglycerols (MLCTs), especially the TAG with one MCFA and two Long-Chain fatty acids (MLL type), whereas POF contained higher proportions of the TAG with three MCFAs (MMM type) and GMF contained higher proportions of the TAG with two MCFAs and one LCFA (MML type) than that in human milk. The results indicated that deeper research is needed to narrow the gap in MCFA-TAGs between human milk and infant formulas.
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spray dried novel structured lipids enriched with medium and Long Chain Triacylglycerols encapsulated with different wall materials characterization and stability
Food Research International, 2019Co-Authors: Sameh A Korma, Sherif M Abed, Liyou Zheng, Xingguo WangAbstract:Abstract Novel structured lipids (SLs) enriched with medium-and Long-Chain Triacylglycerols (MLCTs) were synthesized to combine the benefits of both arachidonic acid and medium-Chain fatty acids; however, they are susceptible to oxidative degradation. In this work, the influences of the partial replacement of whey protein isolate (WPI) as the primary wall material by prebiotic carbohydrates, such as maltodextrin (MD) and inulin (IN) as the secondary wall materials on the physicochemical characteristics and oxidative stability of the spray-dried MLCTs-rich SLs microcapsules were investigated. The highest values of viscosity and zeta-potential were achieved by the WPI/IN (1:1) emulsions. Size distributions of all the emulsions were mono modal and became bimodal after microencapsulation process. The microcapsules prepared with WPI/IN (1:1) had the lowest lightness and the highest yellowness values. The partial replacement treatments increased the solubility and reduced the moisture content of the produced microcapsules. The partial replacement of WPI by IN significantly enhanced the encapsulation efficiency (89.10 ± 1.03%), wettability properties (205 ± 10.61 S), and decreased the incidence of surface oil on the microcapsules. The free oil content was noted as 5.73 ± 0.05, 3.83 ± 0.01, and 2.40 ± 0.03% for the microcapsules produced using WPI, WPI/MD (1:1), and WPI/IN (1:1), respectively. Larger microcapsules and fairer flowing properties were achieved in the powders produced with only WPI. The partial replacement of WPI by IN provided the best oxidative stability of the microencapsulated MLCTs-rich SLs. The results revealed that MD and IN with WPI together, particularly IN proved to be a good substitute secondary wall material for spray-dried MLCTs-rich SLs, therefore suggesting its usefulness in functional food applications.
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preparation of structured lipids enriched with medium and Long Chain Triacylglycerols by enzymatic interesterification for infant formula
Food and Bioproducts Processing, 2018Co-Authors: Sameh A Korma, Sherif M Abed, Xingguo WangAbstract:Abstract Single cell oils (SCOs) are considered as important sources of the essential fatty acids (EFAs) such as arachidonic acid (ARA), which is of great importance for infant’s growth and development. Medium-Chain Triacylglycerols (MCTs) induce the residual glyceride lipolysis, which improve fat absorption, and thus reduce its deposition in infants. Medium- and Long-Chain Triacylglycerols (MLCTs)-rich structured lipids (SLs) combine these benefits, and they can be delivered to infants in an easy way. In this study, MLCTs-rich SLs were synthesized by lipase-catalyzed interesterification of ARASCO with MCTs in a solvent-free system. Four commercial immobilized lipases from different sources were compared for their efficiency in the production of MLCTs yield. The results indicated that the highest yield of MLCTs was achieved by Lipozyme 435 from Candida antarctica as a biocatalyst. The best reaction conditions were as follows; enzyme load 8% (w/w), reaction temperature 90 °C, reaction time of 3 h, and substrates mole ratio 1:1. Under these conditions, MLCTs were obtained in a yield of 53.75%. Thermoprofile displayed that the MLCTs-rich SLs melted below body temperature of 37 °C. The obtained MLCTs-rich SLs can be suggested as a nutritional and functional fat analogue with potential applications in infant formula industry.
