The Experts below are selected from a list of 5286 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Alec R. Lindsay - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Genomic insights into natural selection in the common Loon (Gavia immer): evidence for aquatic adaptation
BMC Evolutionary Biology, 2018Co-Authors: Zach G. Gayk, Diana Le Duc, Jeffrey Horn, Alec R. LindsayAbstract:Background The common Loon ( Gavia immer ) is one of five species that comprise the avian order Gaviiformes. Loons are specialized divers, reaching depths up to 60 m while staying submerged for intervals up to three minutes. In this study we used comparative genomics to investigate the genetic basis of the common Loon adaptations to its ecological niche. We used Illumina short read DNA sequence data from a female bird to produce a draft assembly of the common Loon ( Gavia immer ) genome. Results We identified 14,169 common Loon genes, which based on well-resolved avian genomes, represent approximately 80.7% of common Loon genes. Evolutionary analyses between common Loon and Adelie penguin ( Pygoscelis adeliae ), red-throated Loon ( Gavia stellata ), chicken ( Gallus gallus ), northern fulmar ( Fulmarus glacialis ), and rock pigeon ( Columba livia ) show 164 positively selected genes in common and red-throated Loons. These genes were enriched for a number of protein classes, including those involved in muscle tissue development, immunoglobulin function, hemoglobin iron binding, G-protein coupled receptors, and ATP metabolism. Conclusions Signatures of positive selection in these areas suggest the genus Gavia may have adapted for underwater diving by modulating their oxidative and metabolic pathways. While more research is required, these adaptations likely result in (1) compensations in oxygen respiration and energetic metabolism, (2) low-light visual acuity, and (3) elevated solute exchange. This work represents the first effort to understand the genomic adaptations of the common Loon as well as other Gavia and may have implications for subsequent studies that target particular genes for Loon population genetic, ecological or conservation studies.
Zach G. Gayk - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Genomic insights into natural selection in the common Loon (Gavia immer): evidence for aquatic adaptation
BMC Evolutionary Biology, 2018Co-Authors: Zach G. Gayk, Diana Le Duc, Jeffrey Horn, Alec R. LindsayAbstract:Background The common Loon ( Gavia immer ) is one of five species that comprise the avian order Gaviiformes. Loons are specialized divers, reaching depths up to 60 m while staying submerged for intervals up to three minutes. In this study we used comparative genomics to investigate the genetic basis of the common Loon adaptations to its ecological niche. We used Illumina short read DNA sequence data from a female bird to produce a draft assembly of the common Loon ( Gavia immer ) genome. Results We identified 14,169 common Loon genes, which based on well-resolved avian genomes, represent approximately 80.7% of common Loon genes. Evolutionary analyses between common Loon and Adelie penguin ( Pygoscelis adeliae ), red-throated Loon ( Gavia stellata ), chicken ( Gallus gallus ), northern fulmar ( Fulmarus glacialis ), and rock pigeon ( Columba livia ) show 164 positively selected genes in common and red-throated Loons. These genes were enriched for a number of protein classes, including those involved in muscle tissue development, immunoglobulin function, hemoglobin iron binding, G-protein coupled receptors, and ATP metabolism. Conclusions Signatures of positive selection in these areas suggest the genus Gavia may have adapted for underwater diving by modulating their oxidative and metabolic pathways. While more research is required, these adaptations likely result in (1) compensations in oxygen respiration and energetic metabolism, (2) low-light visual acuity, and (3) elevated solute exchange. This work represents the first effort to understand the genomic adaptations of the common Loon as well as other Gavia and may have implications for subsequent studies that target particular genes for Loon population genetic, ecological or conservation studies.
Taylor, Audrey R. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Table A3
2019Co-Authors: Mcduffie, Laura A., Hagelin, Julie C., Snively, Marian L., Pendleton, Grey W., Taylor, Audrey R.Abstract:Presence or absence of common Loon Gavia immer and Pacific Loon Gavia pacifica on lakes observed by citizen scientists in five sub-regions of Southcentral Alaska; Anchorage, Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson (JBER), Kenai Peninsula (Kenai), Matanuska-Susitna Valley (Mat-Su) and Outlying, 1985-2015. Adults and chicks are ranked as (1) if present or (0) is absent from an observed lake. A metadata (data dictionary) file is associated with this data file
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Table A1
2019Co-Authors: Mcduffie, Laura A., Hagelin, Julie C., Snively, Marian L., Pendleton, Grey W., Taylor, Audrey R.Abstract:Citizen scientists collected observational data of common Loon Gavia immer chick survival across five sub-regions of Southcentral Alaska; Anchorage, Joint Base Elmendorf-Richardson (JBER), Kenai Peninsula (Kenai), Matanuska-Susitna Valley (Mat-Su) and Outlying, 1985-2015. Data is summarized by sub-region, location or town within the sub-region, name of lake observed, year of observation, number of nesting pairs, number of chicks hatched per breeding pair and number of chicks that survived past the defined survival threshold (16 September for common Loon, 26 August for Pacific Loon). A metadata (data dictionary) file is associated with the data file
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Data from: Using citizen-science observations to understand long-term trends in common and Pacific Loon populations in urbanized Southcentral Alaska
2019Co-Authors: Mcduffie, Laura A., Hagelin, Julie C., Snively, Marian L., Pendleton, Grey W., Taylor, Audrey R.Abstract:For over 30 years, the Alaska Loon Watch (1985−1999) and the Alaska Loon and Grebe Watch (2000−2015) engaged citizen scientist participants to record over 10,000 observations of common Gavia immer and Pacific Loons Gavia pacifia at 346 lakes in five sub-regions of Southcentral Alaska. We used generalized linear mixed models to estimate long-term trends in adult Loon counts and chick survival and examined environmental variables associated with Loon abundance. Adult common Loon counts increased in all five sub-regions by 0.6-3.6% per year, while Pacific Loons decreased 3% in the Anchorage sub-region, but otherwise had trends not distinguishable from zero. Lake area was positively associated with common Loon abundance and negatively associated with Pacific Loon abundance. We also noted an inverse relationship between common Loon and Pacific Loon presence, consistent with the premise of interspecific competition. We did not find strong relationships between Loon presence and predictor variables indicative of human disturbance or lakeshore development. Estimates of chick survival over time also revealed no clear pattern, although common Loon chicks showed a decline in survival over the study period in one sub-region. Citizen science programs provide agencies with a cost-effective tool to collect data over large spatial and temporal extents, which may not be feasible otherwise. However, there are ramifications of common data deficiencies associated with casual or unstructured observations, which can violate the assumptions required for rigorous statistical analysis. A carefully pre-defined sampling protocol avoids sampling bias, eliminates stringent assumptions, and ensures higher information content of citizen-science data
Diana Le Duc - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Genomic insights into natural selection in the common Loon (Gavia immer): evidence for aquatic adaptation
BMC Evolutionary Biology, 2018Co-Authors: Zach G. Gayk, Diana Le Duc, Jeffrey Horn, Alec R. LindsayAbstract:Background The common Loon ( Gavia immer ) is one of five species that comprise the avian order Gaviiformes. Loons are specialized divers, reaching depths up to 60 m while staying submerged for intervals up to three minutes. In this study we used comparative genomics to investigate the genetic basis of the common Loon adaptations to its ecological niche. We used Illumina short read DNA sequence data from a female bird to produce a draft assembly of the common Loon ( Gavia immer ) genome. Results We identified 14,169 common Loon genes, which based on well-resolved avian genomes, represent approximately 80.7% of common Loon genes. Evolutionary analyses between common Loon and Adelie penguin ( Pygoscelis adeliae ), red-throated Loon ( Gavia stellata ), chicken ( Gallus gallus ), northern fulmar ( Fulmarus glacialis ), and rock pigeon ( Columba livia ) show 164 positively selected genes in common and red-throated Loons. These genes were enriched for a number of protein classes, including those involved in muscle tissue development, immunoglobulin function, hemoglobin iron binding, G-protein coupled receptors, and ATP metabolism. Conclusions Signatures of positive selection in these areas suggest the genus Gavia may have adapted for underwater diving by modulating their oxidative and metabolic pathways. While more research is required, these adaptations likely result in (1) compensations in oxygen respiration and energetic metabolism, (2) low-light visual acuity, and (3) elevated solute exchange. This work represents the first effort to understand the genomic adaptations of the common Loon as well as other Gavia and may have implications for subsequent studies that target particular genes for Loon population genetic, ecological or conservation studies.
Jeffrey Horn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Genomic insights into natural selection in the common Loon (Gavia immer): evidence for aquatic adaptation
BMC Evolutionary Biology, 2018Co-Authors: Zach G. Gayk, Diana Le Duc, Jeffrey Horn, Alec R. LindsayAbstract:Background The common Loon ( Gavia immer ) is one of five species that comprise the avian order Gaviiformes. Loons are specialized divers, reaching depths up to 60 m while staying submerged for intervals up to three minutes. In this study we used comparative genomics to investigate the genetic basis of the common Loon adaptations to its ecological niche. We used Illumina short read DNA sequence data from a female bird to produce a draft assembly of the common Loon ( Gavia immer ) genome. Results We identified 14,169 common Loon genes, which based on well-resolved avian genomes, represent approximately 80.7% of common Loon genes. Evolutionary analyses between common Loon and Adelie penguin ( Pygoscelis adeliae ), red-throated Loon ( Gavia stellata ), chicken ( Gallus gallus ), northern fulmar ( Fulmarus glacialis ), and rock pigeon ( Columba livia ) show 164 positively selected genes in common and red-throated Loons. These genes were enriched for a number of protein classes, including those involved in muscle tissue development, immunoglobulin function, hemoglobin iron binding, G-protein coupled receptors, and ATP metabolism. Conclusions Signatures of positive selection in these areas suggest the genus Gavia may have adapted for underwater diving by modulating their oxidative and metabolic pathways. While more research is required, these adaptations likely result in (1) compensations in oxygen respiration and energetic metabolism, (2) low-light visual acuity, and (3) elevated solute exchange. This work represents the first effort to understand the genomic adaptations of the common Loon as well as other Gavia and may have implications for subsequent studies that target particular genes for Loon population genetic, ecological or conservation studies.
