The Experts below are selected from a list of 6777 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Maira Besrastrollo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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nutritional quality and health effects of Low Environmental Impact diets the seguimiento universidad de navarra sun cohort
Nutrients, 2020Co-Authors: Ujue Fresan, Winston J Craig, Miguel A Martinezgonzalez, Maira BesrastrolloAbstract:Current dietary patterns are negatively affecting both the environment and people's health. Healthy diets are generally more Environmentally friendly. However, few studies have focused on the health consequences of diets with Low Environmental Impact. We analyzed differences in the dietary composition (types of food, macro- and micro-nutrients) of those diets with high and Low Environmental Impact, according to greenhouse gas emission and resources use (water, land and energy) using data from a Spanish cohort (17,387 participants), collected by means of a validated food frequency questionnaire. Cox analyses were used to assess the association of dietary Environmental Impact with total mortality risk. At a given level of energy intake, diets with Lower Environmental Impact contained higher amounts of plant-based foods and Lower levels of animal-derived products. Less polluting diets involved higher amounts of polyunsaturated fats and dietary fiber and Lower amounts of saturated fats and sodium. However, diets associated with less Environmental damage also contained more added sugars, but Lower levels of vitamin B12, zinc and calcium. We did not detect any association between dietary Environmental Impact and risk of mortality. Diets should not only produce minimal Environmental Impact, but the maximum overall benefits for all key dimensions encompassed in sustainable diets.
Paul Waliaula Mola - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Development of a Low Environmental Impact, porous solar absorber coating utilizing binary/ternary solvent blends for CSP systems
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2019Co-Authors: John Miller, Yongjoon Youn, Kyungjun Hwang, Chulmin Choi, Paul Waliaula MolaAbstract:Concentrated solar power utilizes a field of mirrors to redirect solar rays onto a central receiver to generate thermal energy through heat transfer media and a Rankine steam cycle. To effectively transfer heat to the heat transfer material, the receiver has to efficiently convert/absorb the incoming solar flux without losing energy to radiation. Receivers are coated with a solar absorber coating evaluated with a figure of merit which weighs the energy absorbed by the sample against the total incident energy. The structure of the painted coating plays a large part in the long-term stability and optical properties of the solar absorber coatings. We investigated the effects of different solvents on the micro-structure of black oxide coated paint tiles and evaluated the stability of the paint colloid using the Gibbs free energy of mixing. We also investigated the use of Low Environmental Impact solvents as potential alternates to standard solvents to create Low-stress films. The results show that paint blends thinned by blends of dimethyl carbonate and tertbutylbenzene have Low-stress surface morphology with pore-like structures due to the favorable Gibbs free energy value of the colloid and reduced evaporation rate of the primary solvents. These coatings also exhibited strong optical performance with figure of merit and solar absorbance values of 91.60% and 96.86%, making them ideal coatings for next generation concentrated solar power plants.
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development of a Low Environmental Impact porous solar absorber coating utilizing binary ternary solvent blends for csp systems
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2019Co-Authors: John Miller, Yongjoon Youn, Kyungjun Hwang, Chulmin Choi, Paul Waliaula MolaAbstract:Concentrated solar power utilizes a field of mirrors to redirect solar rays onto a central receiver to generate thermal energy through heat transfer media and a Rankine steam cycle. To effectively transfer heat to the heat transfer material, the receiver has to efficiently convert/absorb the incoming solar flux without losing energy to radiation. Receivers are coated with a solar absorber coating evaluated with a figure of merit which weighs the energy absorbed by the sample against the total incident energy. The structure of the painted coating plays a large part in the long-term stability and optical properties of the solar absorber coatings. We investigated the effects of different solvents on the micro-structure of black oxide coated paint tiles and evaluated the stability of the paint colloid using the Gibbs free energy of mixing. We also investigated the use of Low Environmental Impact solvents as potential alternates to standard solvents to create Low-stress films. The results show that paint blends thinned by blends of dimethyl carbonate and tertbutylbenzene have Low-stress surface morphology with pore-like structures due to the favorable Gibbs free energy value of the colloid and reduced evaporation rate of the primary solvents. These coatings also exhibited strong optical performance with figure of merit and solar absorbance values of 91.60% and 96.86%, making them ideal coatings for next generation concentrated solar power plants.
Darío Vezzani - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Assessment of combined tools and strategies for Aedes aegypti control with Low Environmental Impact
Parasitology Research, 2019Co-Authors: Alejandra Rubio, María V. Cardo, Aníbal E. Carbajo, Darío VezzaniAbstract:The control of the mosquito vector Aedes aegypti L. (Diptera: Culicidae) is the main action against dengue, chikungunya, and Zika. The excessive use of conventional insecticides has promoted the development of other control methods and strategies with Lower Environmental Impact. We evaluated the effectiveness of applying triflumuron 1 ppm and emptying water-filled containers in a field trial in temperate Argentina. Both control methods were implemented either individually or combined and regularly from the beginning of the mosquito reproductive season or once it reached peak abundance. The Impact on a non-target midge of the genus Chironomus was also tested. The highest reductions of Ae. aegypti were achieved in treatments which included triflumuron. This effect was stronger when applied from the beginning of the reproductive season, with
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assessment of combined tools and strategies for aedes aegypti control with Low Environmental Impact
Parasitology Research, 2019Co-Authors: Alejandra Rubio, María V. Cardo, Aníbal E. Carbajo, Darío VezzaniAbstract:The control of the mosquito vector Aedes aegypti L. (Diptera: Culicidae) is the main action against dengue, chikungunya, and Zika. The excessive use of conventional insecticides has promoted the development of other control methods and strategies with Lower Environmental Impact. We evaluated the effectiveness of applying triflumuron 1 ppm and emptying water-filled containers in a field trial in temperate Argentina. Both control methods were implemented either individually or combined and regularly from the beginning of the mosquito reproductive season or once it reached peak abundance. The Impact on a non-target midge of the genus Chironomus was also tested. The highest reductions of Ae. aegypti were achieved in treatments which included triflumuron. This effect was stronger when applied from the beginning of the reproductive season, with < 1.3% of positive containers throughout the entire season. No enhancing effects were obtained when combining both control methods. Treatments with triflumuron were not completely innocuous for the non-target species, with Chironomus sp. more susceptible to treatments including triflumuron applied from the beginning of the reproductive season than all others. Sharp reductions of mosquito populations in urban environments with high density of water-filled containers are possible with minimum container management efforts, by applying triflumuron 1 ppm every 6 weeks. In temperate urban settings, better results can be obtained when applications begin early in the reproductive season of the mosquito vector Aedes aegypti.
Orietta Monticelli - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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facile and Low Environmental Impact approach to prepare thermally conductive nanocomposites based on polylactide and graphite nanoplatelets
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 2018Co-Authors: Alberto Fina, Samuele Colonna, Lorenza Maddalena, Mauro Tortello, Orietta MonticelliAbstract:: In this work, the preparation of nanocomposites based on poly(l-lactide) PLLA and graphite nanoplatelets (GNP) was assessed by applying, for the first time, the reactive extrusion (REX) polymerization approach, which is considered a Low Environmental Impact method to prepare polymer systems and which alLows an easy scalability. In particular, ad hoc synthesized molecules, constituted by a pyrene end group and a poly(d-lactide) (PDLA) chain (Pyr-d), capable of interacting with the surface of GNP layers as well as forming stereoblocks during the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of l-lactide, were used. The nanocomposites were synthesized by adding to l-lactide the GNP/initiator system, prepared by dispersing the graphite in the acetone/Pyr-d solution, which was dried after the sonication process. DSC and X-ray diffraction measurements evidenced the stereocomplexation of the systems synthesized by using the pyrene-based initiators, whose extent turned out to depend on the PDLA chain length. All the prepared nanocomposites, including those synthesized starting from a classical initiator, that is, 1-dodecanol, retained similar electrical conductivity, whereas the thermal conductivity was found to increase in the stereocomplexed samples. Preferential localization of stereocomplexed PLA close to the interface with GNP was demonstrated by scanning probe microscopy (SPM) techniques, supporting an important role of local crystallinity in the thermal conductivity of the nanocomposites.
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a Low Environmental Impact approach for novel bio composites based on plla pcl blends and high surface area graphite
European Polymer Journal, 2015Co-Authors: M Forouharshad, Lorenza Gardella, Davide Furfaro, Maurizio Galimberti, Orietta MonticelliAbstract:Abstract In this work, novel graphite-based composites consisting of poly( l -lactide) (PLLA) and poly(e-caprolactone) (PCL) immiscible blends are developed by means of a simple and Low-Environmental-Impact method, which does not require the use of either solvents or graphite oxide. Indeed, the proposed approach relies on the preliminary dispersion of a high surface area graphite (HSAG) in the molten PCL by applying a sonication treatment: as a consequent of this processing, the HSAG turns out to be dispersed in the polymer matrix at a sub-micrometer level and acts as a nucleating agent for the PCL crystallization. The PCL/HSAG system (whose filler content is adjusted so as to prepare blends with final HSAG concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 0.6 wt.%) is subsequently introduced in PLLA through melt blending. SEM characterization demonstrates that the presence of HSAG modifies the morphology of the blend. In particular, at a characteristic HSAG concentration, namely 0.1 wt.%, the filler is observed to ameliorate significantly the compatibility of PLLA/PCL blends by increasing the interface adhesion between the two polymer phases. The peculiar morphology, promoted by the presence of HSAG at the interface, is found to enhance the mechanical properties of the blend, improving the elongation at break simultaneously increasing the Young’s modulus.
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A Low-Environmental-Impact approach for novel bio-composites based on PLLA/PCL blends and high surface area graphite
European Polymer Journal, 2015Co-Authors: M Forouharshad, Lorenza Gardella, Davide Furfaro, Maurizio Galimberti, Orietta MonticelliAbstract:Abstract In this work, novel graphite-based composites consisting of poly( l -lactide) (PLLA) and poly(e-caprolactone) (PCL) immiscible blends are developed by means of a simple and Low-Environmental-Impact method, which does not require the use of either solvents or graphite oxide. Indeed, the proposed approach relies on the preliminary dispersion of a high surface area graphite (HSAG) in the molten PCL by applying a sonication treatment: as a consequent of this processing, the HSAG turns out to be dispersed in the polymer matrix at a sub-micrometer level and acts as a nucleating agent for the PCL crystallization. The PCL/HSAG system (whose filler content is adjusted so as to prepare blends with final HSAG concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 0.6 wt.%) is subsequently introduced in PLLA through melt blending. SEM characterization demonstrates that the presence of HSAG modifies the morphology of the blend. In particular, at a characteristic HSAG concentration, namely 0.1 wt.%, the filler is observed to ameliorate significantly the compatibility of PLLA/PCL blends by increasing the interface adhesion between the two polymer phases. The peculiar morphology, promoted by the presence of HSAG at the interface, is found to enhance the mechanical properties of the blend, improving the elongation at break simultaneously increasing the Young’s modulus.
Arnaldo Barros E Souza - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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soil analytical quality control by traditional and spectroscopy techniques constructing the future of a hybrid laboratory for Low Environmental Impact
Geoderma, 2019Co-Authors: Jose Alexandre Melo Dematte, Andre Carnieletto Dotto, Luis Gustavo Bedin, Veridiana Maria Sayao, Arnaldo Barros E SouzaAbstract:Abstract Soil analysis is an important information in agriculture and Environmental monitoring. It is usually performed by wet chemical analysis with high cost and chemical products consumption. In the world, it is estimated that 1.5 billion ha is used as agricultural area. If every 5 ha 2 samples (2 depths) were collected, we would have 600 million soil samples for chemical and granulometric analysis. Considering just the analysis of organic matter (OM) by wet combustion method in the laboratory as an example, we would be utilizing about 840 thousand kg of dichromate and ammonium ferrous sulfate and 3 million L of sulfuric acid. The use of these reagents can have a huge ecological consequence if they do not have an adequate final disposal. An alternative methodology such as proximal sensing can be utilized with Low Environmental Impact. Therefore, the objective of this study was to: i) evaluate the analytical quality of soil attributes via different traditional laboratories and sensors, ii) evaluate the prediction of the models using sensors, iii) assess the uncertainties of lime recommendation analyzed by the laboratories. We applied 96 soil samples at two depths collected in Sao Paulo State, Brazil. The determination of 15 soil attributes was performed by four different routine laboratories, and they were predicted by 4 sensors (400–2500 nm). Results indicate that the determination of attributes via chemical analysis with Low quality led to high error in spectral models. The great predictive performances of clay, OM, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and pH enable the use of sensors in the evaluation of these attributes. Overall, the criteria for classification of analytical results showed that sand, silt, clay, pH, OM, CEC, and base saturation were the attributes that can be determined by the spectroscopy technique with high-quality outcome. The lime recommendation derived from proximal sensor analysis can be used as an efficient method, since it presented a high correlation with the laboratory result. In this sense, a hybrid laboratory analysis can be developed to optimize analysis with better quality control, which is indicated as a great opportunity in the near future.
