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Leigh Owens - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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experimental infection of redclaw crayfish cherax quadricarinatus with macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus the aetiological agent of white tail disease
Aquaculture, 2011Co-Authors: Orachun Hayakijkosol, K La Fauce, Leigh OwensAbstract:Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (MrNV) or white tail disease has been reported as a new disease of crustacea in western Queensland, Australia. In Australia, Macrobrachium can be hard to source due to their need for a saltwater environment for breeding. No alternative animal experimental model for MrNV has been identified, so redclaw crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus) were tested as a potential experimental animal in order to study MrNV infection. The highest Mortality (35%) was in the groups injected with MrNV and the Lowest Mortality (0%) was in the control groups. Necrotic muscle and muscle degeneration with haemocytic infiltration were observed in infected crayfish. For the first time, a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) on clinical material was developed and it confirmed MrNV infection in infected animals. The mean viral titres (2.73 × 102 copies) and cycle times (Ct = 31.33) lead us to hypothesize that MrNV only poorly replicates in juvenile C. quadricarinatus. However, C. quadricarinatus may be a less than perfect but useable experimental animal model for MrNV infection in the future because of clinical signs, gross lesions, histopathological changes and qPCR titres present in experimentally infected C. quadricarinatus. This study determined that redclaw crayfish (C. quadricarinatus) had low susceptibility and were limited carriers of white tail disease.
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investigation into the pathogenicity of reovirus to juvenile cherax quadricarinatus
Aquaculture, 2011Co-Authors: Orachun Hayakijkosol, Leigh OwensAbstract:Presumptive reoviruses have been visualised in the hepatopancreas of the freshwater redclaw crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus) in northern Queensland. Transmission electron microscopy of preparations from similar animals revealed approximately 55 nm diameter icosahedral viral particles. Juvenile C. quadricarinatus were challenged orally and by injection with these purified reoviruses. Following the conclusion of the 60 day pathogenicity trial, histological examination was performed on gills and hepatopancreatic tissues of infected crayfish. Reovirus inclusion bodies were seen in hepatopancreatic tubules of the orally infected group more often than inoculated group. The inoculated treatment displayed the highest Mortality rate (20%) and the Lowest mean weight of 8.2 ± 1.27 g, while the control group had the Lowest Mortality (0%) and largest mean weight of 13.9 ± 0.53 g. Reoviruses infected a HepG2 cell culture and showed increased light transmission (i.e. less cells) with increasing titre in a viral titration format. This study illustrated the susceptibility of C. quadricarinatus to the Australian isolate of hepatopancreatic reovirus infection.
Angeles M Esteban - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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modulation of innate immune response mucosal parameters and disease resistance in rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss upon synbiotic feeding
Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 2015Co-Authors: Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar, Alireza Mirvaghefi, Mohammad Ali Amoozegar, Maryam Sharifian, Angeles M EstebanAbstract:The present study investigates the effects of dietary supplements of galactooligosaccharides (GOS), Pediococcus acidilactici and P. acidilactici + GOS on innate immune response, skin mucus as well as disease resistance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fingerlings (15.04 ± 0.52 g). After 8 weeks of feeding, several innate immune (lysozyme, alternative complement and respiratory burst activities) and skin mucus parameters (bactericidal activity against Streptococcus faecium, Streptococcus iniae, Serratia marcescens, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli and mucus protein content) were studied. The results indicated that the three supplemented diet significantly increased innate immune response and skin mucus parameters in rainbow trout. The highest innate immune response, skin mucus activity as well as protein level was observed in synbiotic fed fish. Furthermore, at the end of the feeding experiment, some fish were intraperitoneally injected with Streptococcus iniae to determine the disease resistance. The Mortality of fingerlings fed supplemented diet was significantly lower than fish from control group being the Lowest Mortality recorded in synbiotic fed fish group.
Orachun Hayakijkosol - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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experimental infection of redclaw crayfish cherax quadricarinatus with macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus the aetiological agent of white tail disease
Aquaculture, 2011Co-Authors: Orachun Hayakijkosol, K La Fauce, Leigh OwensAbstract:Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (MrNV) or white tail disease has been reported as a new disease of crustacea in western Queensland, Australia. In Australia, Macrobrachium can be hard to source due to their need for a saltwater environment for breeding. No alternative animal experimental model for MrNV has been identified, so redclaw crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus) were tested as a potential experimental animal in order to study MrNV infection. The highest Mortality (35%) was in the groups injected with MrNV and the Lowest Mortality (0%) was in the control groups. Necrotic muscle and muscle degeneration with haemocytic infiltration were observed in infected crayfish. For the first time, a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) on clinical material was developed and it confirmed MrNV infection in infected animals. The mean viral titres (2.73 × 102 copies) and cycle times (Ct = 31.33) lead us to hypothesize that MrNV only poorly replicates in juvenile C. quadricarinatus. However, C. quadricarinatus may be a less than perfect but useable experimental animal model for MrNV infection in the future because of clinical signs, gross lesions, histopathological changes and qPCR titres present in experimentally infected C. quadricarinatus. This study determined that redclaw crayfish (C. quadricarinatus) had low susceptibility and were limited carriers of white tail disease.
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investigation into the pathogenicity of reovirus to juvenile cherax quadricarinatus
Aquaculture, 2011Co-Authors: Orachun Hayakijkosol, Leigh OwensAbstract:Presumptive reoviruses have been visualised in the hepatopancreas of the freshwater redclaw crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus) in northern Queensland. Transmission electron microscopy of preparations from similar animals revealed approximately 55 nm diameter icosahedral viral particles. Juvenile C. quadricarinatus were challenged orally and by injection with these purified reoviruses. Following the conclusion of the 60 day pathogenicity trial, histological examination was performed on gills and hepatopancreatic tissues of infected crayfish. Reovirus inclusion bodies were seen in hepatopancreatic tubules of the orally infected group more often than inoculated group. The inoculated treatment displayed the highest Mortality rate (20%) and the Lowest mean weight of 8.2 ± 1.27 g, while the control group had the Lowest Mortality (0%) and largest mean weight of 13.9 ± 0.53 g. Reoviruses infected a HepG2 cell culture and showed increased light transmission (i.e. less cells) with increasing titre in a viral titration format. This study illustrated the susceptibility of C. quadricarinatus to the Australian isolate of hepatopancreatic reovirus infection.
Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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modulation of innate immune response mucosal parameters and disease resistance in rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss upon synbiotic feeding
Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 2015Co-Authors: Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar, Alireza Mirvaghefi, Mohammad Ali Amoozegar, Maryam Sharifian, Angeles M EstebanAbstract:The present study investigates the effects of dietary supplements of galactooligosaccharides (GOS), Pediococcus acidilactici and P. acidilactici + GOS on innate immune response, skin mucus as well as disease resistance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fingerlings (15.04 ± 0.52 g). After 8 weeks of feeding, several innate immune (lysozyme, alternative complement and respiratory burst activities) and skin mucus parameters (bactericidal activity against Streptococcus faecium, Streptococcus iniae, Serratia marcescens, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli and mucus protein content) were studied. The results indicated that the three supplemented diet significantly increased innate immune response and skin mucus parameters in rainbow trout. The highest innate immune response, skin mucus activity as well as protein level was observed in synbiotic fed fish. Furthermore, at the end of the feeding experiment, some fish were intraperitoneally injected with Streptococcus iniae to determine the disease resistance. The Mortality of fingerlings fed supplemented diet was significantly lower than fish from control group being the Lowest Mortality recorded in synbiotic fed fish group.
Kamyar Kalantarzadeh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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hyponatremia hypernatremia and Mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease with and without congestive heart failure
Circulation, 2012Co-Authors: Csaba P Kovesdy, Jennie Z, Evan H Lott, Jun Ling Lu, Sandra M Malakauskas, Miklos Z Molnar, Kamyar KalantarzadehAbstract:Background—Hyponatremia is common in patients with conditions such as congestive heart failure and is associated with increased Mortality in hospitalized patients. Congestive heart failure is common in patients with chronic kidney disease, but the association of serum sodium concentration with Mortality in such patients is not well characterized. Methods and Results—We examined the association of serum sodium concentration with all-cause Mortality in a nationally representative cohort of 655 493 US veterans with non–dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease (95 961 [15%] of them with congestive heart failure). Associations were examined in time-dependent Cox models with adjustment for potential confounders. During a median follow-up of 5.5 years, a total of 193 956 patients died (Mortality rate, 62.5/1000 patient-years; 95% confidence interval, 62.2–62.8). The association of serum sodium level with Mortality was U-shaped, with the Lowest Mortality seen in patients with sodium level of 140 mEq/L and with b...
