The Experts below are selected from a list of 9 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
William Gossman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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"StatPearls" - Physiology, Lung Dead Space
2019Co-Authors: Sal Intagliata, Alessandra Rizzo, William GossmanAbstract:Dead Space represents the volume of ventilated air that does not participate in gas exchange. The two types of Dead Space are anatomical Dead Space and physiologic Dead Space. Anatomical Dead Space is represented by the volume of air that fills the conducting zone of respiration made up by the nose, trachea, and bronchi. This volume is considered to be 30% of normal tidal volume (500 mL); therefore, the value of anatomic Dead Space is 150 mL. Physiologic or total Dead Space is equal to anatomic plus alveolar Dead Space which is the volume of air in the respiratory zone that does not take part in gas exchange. The respiratory zone is comprised of respiratory bronchioles, alveolar duct, alveolar sac, and alveoli. In a healthy adult alveolar Dead Space can be considered negligible. Therefore, physiologic Dead Space is equivalent to anatomical. One can see an increase in the value of physiologic Dead Space in Lung disease states where the diffusion membrane of alveoli does not function properly or when there are ventilation/perfusion mismatch defects.[1][2][3]
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Physiology, Lung Dead Space
2019Co-Authors: Sal Intagliata, Alessandra Rizzo, William GossmanAbstract:Dead Space represents the volume of ventilated air that does not participate in gas exchange. The two types of Dead Space are anatomical Dead Space and physiologic Dead Space. Anatomical Dead Space is represented by the volume of air that fills the conducting zone of respiration made up by the nose, trachea, and bronchi. This volume is considered to be 30% of normal tidal volume (500 mL); therefore, the value of anatomic Dead Space is 150 mL. Physiologic or total Dead Space is equal to anatomic plus alveolar Dead Space which is the volume of air in the respiratory zone that does not take part in gas exchange. The respiratory zone is comprised of respiratory bronchioles, alveolar duct, alveolar sac, and alveoli. In a healthy adult alveolar Dead Space can be considered negligible. Therefore, physiologic Dead Space is equivalent to anatomical. One can see an increase in the value of physiologic Dead Space in Lung disease states where the diffusion membrane of alveoli does not function properly or when there are ventilation/perfusion mismatch defects.
Sal Intagliata - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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"StatPearls" - Physiology, Lung Dead Space
2019Co-Authors: Sal Intagliata, Alessandra Rizzo, William GossmanAbstract:Dead Space represents the volume of ventilated air that does not participate in gas exchange. The two types of Dead Space are anatomical Dead Space and physiologic Dead Space. Anatomical Dead Space is represented by the volume of air that fills the conducting zone of respiration made up by the nose, trachea, and bronchi. This volume is considered to be 30% of normal tidal volume (500 mL); therefore, the value of anatomic Dead Space is 150 mL. Physiologic or total Dead Space is equal to anatomic plus alveolar Dead Space which is the volume of air in the respiratory zone that does not take part in gas exchange. The respiratory zone is comprised of respiratory bronchioles, alveolar duct, alveolar sac, and alveoli. In a healthy adult alveolar Dead Space can be considered negligible. Therefore, physiologic Dead Space is equivalent to anatomical. One can see an increase in the value of physiologic Dead Space in Lung disease states where the diffusion membrane of alveoli does not function properly or when there are ventilation/perfusion mismatch defects.[1][2][3]
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Physiology, Lung Dead Space
2019Co-Authors: Sal Intagliata, Alessandra Rizzo, William GossmanAbstract:Dead Space represents the volume of ventilated air that does not participate in gas exchange. The two types of Dead Space are anatomical Dead Space and physiologic Dead Space. Anatomical Dead Space is represented by the volume of air that fills the conducting zone of respiration made up by the nose, trachea, and bronchi. This volume is considered to be 30% of normal tidal volume (500 mL); therefore, the value of anatomic Dead Space is 150 mL. Physiologic or total Dead Space is equal to anatomic plus alveolar Dead Space which is the volume of air in the respiratory zone that does not take part in gas exchange. The respiratory zone is comprised of respiratory bronchioles, alveolar duct, alveolar sac, and alveoli. In a healthy adult alveolar Dead Space can be considered negligible. Therefore, physiologic Dead Space is equivalent to anatomical. One can see an increase in the value of physiologic Dead Space in Lung disease states where the diffusion membrane of alveoli does not function properly or when there are ventilation/perfusion mismatch defects.
Alessandra Rizzo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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"StatPearls" - Physiology, Lung Dead Space
2019Co-Authors: Sal Intagliata, Alessandra Rizzo, William GossmanAbstract:Dead Space represents the volume of ventilated air that does not participate in gas exchange. The two types of Dead Space are anatomical Dead Space and physiologic Dead Space. Anatomical Dead Space is represented by the volume of air that fills the conducting zone of respiration made up by the nose, trachea, and bronchi. This volume is considered to be 30% of normal tidal volume (500 mL); therefore, the value of anatomic Dead Space is 150 mL. Physiologic or total Dead Space is equal to anatomic plus alveolar Dead Space which is the volume of air in the respiratory zone that does not take part in gas exchange. The respiratory zone is comprised of respiratory bronchioles, alveolar duct, alveolar sac, and alveoli. In a healthy adult alveolar Dead Space can be considered negligible. Therefore, physiologic Dead Space is equivalent to anatomical. One can see an increase in the value of physiologic Dead Space in Lung disease states where the diffusion membrane of alveoli does not function properly or when there are ventilation/perfusion mismatch defects.[1][2][3]
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Physiology, Lung Dead Space
2019Co-Authors: Sal Intagliata, Alessandra Rizzo, William GossmanAbstract:Dead Space represents the volume of ventilated air that does not participate in gas exchange. The two types of Dead Space are anatomical Dead Space and physiologic Dead Space. Anatomical Dead Space is represented by the volume of air that fills the conducting zone of respiration made up by the nose, trachea, and bronchi. This volume is considered to be 30% of normal tidal volume (500 mL); therefore, the value of anatomic Dead Space is 150 mL. Physiologic or total Dead Space is equal to anatomic plus alveolar Dead Space which is the volume of air in the respiratory zone that does not take part in gas exchange. The respiratory zone is comprised of respiratory bronchioles, alveolar duct, alveolar sac, and alveoli. In a healthy adult alveolar Dead Space can be considered negligible. Therefore, physiologic Dead Space is equivalent to anatomical. One can see an increase in the value of physiologic Dead Space in Lung disease states where the diffusion membrane of alveoli does not function properly or when there are ventilation/perfusion mismatch defects.
D M Mancini - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Factors contributing to the exercise limitation of heart failure.
Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 1993Co-Authors: J R Wilson, D M ManciniAbstract:Exertional intolerance is a major clinical problem in ambulatory patients with chronic heart failure and is associated with both muscle fatigue and dyspnea. The increased muscle fatigability is most likely caused by a combination of muscle underperfusion and muscle deconditioning; patients frequently exhibit skeletal muscle atrophy, altered muscle metabolism and reduced mitochondrial-based enzyme levels, consistent with deconditioning. The muscle underperfusion is largely due to impaired arteriolar vasodilation within exercising muscle. Exertional dyspnea appears to be due to increased respiratory muscle work mediated by excessive ventilation and decreased Lung compliance. Both excessive carbon dioxide production, secondary to increased muscle lactate release, and increased Lung Dead Space contribute to the excessive ventilation. Decreased Lung compliance is caused by chronic pulmonary congestion and fibrosis. Optimal management of exercise intolerance in patients with heart failure requires an understanding of the role of these multiple potential contributors to exertional fatigue and dyspnea.
J R Wilson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Factors contributing to the exercise limitation of heart failure.
Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 1993Co-Authors: J R Wilson, D M ManciniAbstract:Exertional intolerance is a major clinical problem in ambulatory patients with chronic heart failure and is associated with both muscle fatigue and dyspnea. The increased muscle fatigability is most likely caused by a combination of muscle underperfusion and muscle deconditioning; patients frequently exhibit skeletal muscle atrophy, altered muscle metabolism and reduced mitochondrial-based enzyme levels, consistent with deconditioning. The muscle underperfusion is largely due to impaired arteriolar vasodilation within exercising muscle. Exertional dyspnea appears to be due to increased respiratory muscle work mediated by excessive ventilation and decreased Lung compliance. Both excessive carbon dioxide production, secondary to increased muscle lactate release, and increased Lung Dead Space contribute to the excessive ventilation. Decreased Lung compliance is caused by chronic pulmonary congestion and fibrosis. Optimal management of exercise intolerance in patients with heart failure requires an understanding of the role of these multiple potential contributors to exertional fatigue and dyspnea.
