The Experts below are selected from a list of 291 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Roy C. Orlando - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Critical pH Level of Lye (NaOH) for Esophageal Injury
Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 2009Co-Authors: Ozlen Atug, Ahmet Dobrucali, Roy C. OrlandoAbstract:Aim/Background Lye (NaOH) ingestion in humans often results in alkaline damage to the esophagus, but knowledge about this process is limited. Here, we explore the effects of Lye on esophageal epithelial structure and function using rabbit esophageal epithelium as a model of Lye ingestion. Methods Rabbit esophageal epithelium was mounted in Ussing chambers so that the electrical potential difference (PD), short-circuit current (Isc), and transepithelial resistance (RT) could be monitored before, during, and after mucosal exposure to Lye (NaOH) at pHs ranging from 7.4 to 12.1. Histopathology and dextran fluxes were also performed and correlated with the electrical data. Results Mucosal exposure to Lye at pHs
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critical ph level of Lye naoh for esophageal injury
Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 2009Co-Authors: Ozlen Atug, Ahmet Dobrucali, Roy C. OrlandoAbstract:Aim/Background Lye (NaOH) ingestion in humans often results in alkaline damage to the esophagus, but knowledge about this process is limited. Here, we explore the effects of Lye on esophageal epithelial structure and function using rabbit esophageal epithelium as a model of Lye ingestion. Methods Rabbit esophageal epithelium was mounted in Ussing chambers so that the electrical potential difference (PD), short-circuit current (Isc), and transepithelial resistance (RT) could be monitored before, during, and after mucosal exposure to Lye (NaOH) at pHs ranging from 7.4 to 12.1. Histopathology and dextran fluxes were also performed and correlated with the electrical data. Results Mucosal exposure to Lye at pHs <11.5 had no damaging effects on the esophagus. However, at pHs ≥11.5, damage was both time- and pH-dependent, as noted by increases in PD and Isc, and declines in RT. Further, the electrical changes were paralleled morphologically by epithelial liquefaction necrosis and increases in dextran flux. Also, by pretreating tissues with ouabain, the early Lye-induced rise in PD and Isc was shown to result from a combination of increased active (sodium) transport and passive (sodium) diffusion which indicates that, even early on, the damaging effects of Lye include changes in both apical cell membranes and tight junctions of this epithelium. Conclusion Lye (NaOH) injury to the esophageal epithelium is both pH- and time-dependent, but requires a minimum pH of 11.5. At pHs ≥11.5, Lye produces liquefaction necrosis, an injury that involves both cellular and junctional barriers, and which markedly increases epithelial permeability to ions and uncharged molecules. Based on these results, non-industrial cleaning products in the home are likely to be safer if they have a concentration of Lye below pH 11.5.
Ozlen Atug - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Critical pH Level of Lye (NaOH) for Esophageal Injury
Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 2009Co-Authors: Ozlen Atug, Ahmet Dobrucali, Roy C. OrlandoAbstract:Aim/Background Lye (NaOH) ingestion in humans often results in alkaline damage to the esophagus, but knowledge about this process is limited. Here, we explore the effects of Lye on esophageal epithelial structure and function using rabbit esophageal epithelium as a model of Lye ingestion. Methods Rabbit esophageal epithelium was mounted in Ussing chambers so that the electrical potential difference (PD), short-circuit current (Isc), and transepithelial resistance (RT) could be monitored before, during, and after mucosal exposure to Lye (NaOH) at pHs ranging from 7.4 to 12.1. Histopathology and dextran fluxes were also performed and correlated with the electrical data. Results Mucosal exposure to Lye at pHs
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critical ph level of Lye naoh for esophageal injury
Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 2009Co-Authors: Ozlen Atug, Ahmet Dobrucali, Roy C. OrlandoAbstract:Aim/Background Lye (NaOH) ingestion in humans often results in alkaline damage to the esophagus, but knowledge about this process is limited. Here, we explore the effects of Lye on esophageal epithelial structure and function using rabbit esophageal epithelium as a model of Lye ingestion. Methods Rabbit esophageal epithelium was mounted in Ussing chambers so that the electrical potential difference (PD), short-circuit current (Isc), and transepithelial resistance (RT) could be monitored before, during, and after mucosal exposure to Lye (NaOH) at pHs ranging from 7.4 to 12.1. Histopathology and dextran fluxes were also performed and correlated with the electrical data. Results Mucosal exposure to Lye at pHs <11.5 had no damaging effects on the esophagus. However, at pHs ≥11.5, damage was both time- and pH-dependent, as noted by increases in PD and Isc, and declines in RT. Further, the electrical changes were paralleled morphologically by epithelial liquefaction necrosis and increases in dextran flux. Also, by pretreating tissues with ouabain, the early Lye-induced rise in PD and Isc was shown to result from a combination of increased active (sodium) transport and passive (sodium) diffusion which indicates that, even early on, the damaging effects of Lye include changes in both apical cell membranes and tight junctions of this epithelium. Conclusion Lye (NaOH) injury to the esophageal epithelium is both pH- and time-dependent, but requires a minimum pH of 11.5. At pHs ≥11.5, Lye produces liquefaction necrosis, an injury that involves both cellular and junctional barriers, and which markedly increases epithelial permeability to ions and uncharged molecules. Based on these results, non-industrial cleaning products in the home are likely to be safer if they have a concentration of Lye below pH 11.5.
Ahmet Dobrucali - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Critical pH Level of Lye (NaOH) for Esophageal Injury
Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 2009Co-Authors: Ozlen Atug, Ahmet Dobrucali, Roy C. OrlandoAbstract:Aim/Background Lye (NaOH) ingestion in humans often results in alkaline damage to the esophagus, but knowledge about this process is limited. Here, we explore the effects of Lye on esophageal epithelial structure and function using rabbit esophageal epithelium as a model of Lye ingestion. Methods Rabbit esophageal epithelium was mounted in Ussing chambers so that the electrical potential difference (PD), short-circuit current (Isc), and transepithelial resistance (RT) could be monitored before, during, and after mucosal exposure to Lye (NaOH) at pHs ranging from 7.4 to 12.1. Histopathology and dextran fluxes were also performed and correlated with the electrical data. Results Mucosal exposure to Lye at pHs
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critical ph level of Lye naoh for esophageal injury
Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 2009Co-Authors: Ozlen Atug, Ahmet Dobrucali, Roy C. OrlandoAbstract:Aim/Background Lye (NaOH) ingestion in humans often results in alkaline damage to the esophagus, but knowledge about this process is limited. Here, we explore the effects of Lye on esophageal epithelial structure and function using rabbit esophageal epithelium as a model of Lye ingestion. Methods Rabbit esophageal epithelium was mounted in Ussing chambers so that the electrical potential difference (PD), short-circuit current (Isc), and transepithelial resistance (RT) could be monitored before, during, and after mucosal exposure to Lye (NaOH) at pHs ranging from 7.4 to 12.1. Histopathology and dextran fluxes were also performed and correlated with the electrical data. Results Mucosal exposure to Lye at pHs <11.5 had no damaging effects on the esophagus. However, at pHs ≥11.5, damage was both time- and pH-dependent, as noted by increases in PD and Isc, and declines in RT. Further, the electrical changes were paralleled morphologically by epithelial liquefaction necrosis and increases in dextran flux. Also, by pretreating tissues with ouabain, the early Lye-induced rise in PD and Isc was shown to result from a combination of increased active (sodium) transport and passive (sodium) diffusion which indicates that, even early on, the damaging effects of Lye include changes in both apical cell membranes and tight junctions of this epithelium. Conclusion Lye (NaOH) injury to the esophageal epithelium is both pH- and time-dependent, but requires a minimum pH of 11.5. At pHs ≥11.5, Lye produces liquefaction necrosis, an injury that involves both cellular and junctional barriers, and which markedly increases epithelial permeability to ions and uncharged molecules. Based on these results, non-industrial cleaning products in the home are likely to be safer if they have a concentration of Lye below pH 11.5.
Kongliang Xie - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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synthesis and properties of chitosan membranes modified by reactive cationic dyes as a novel alkaline exchange membrane for low temperature fuel cells
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2016Co-Authors: Bin Wang, Yongxing Zhu, Tianchi Zhou, Kongliang XieAbstract:Abstract Using 1-aminoanthraquinone, cyanuric chloride, dimethyl propylene diamine, diethyl sulfate as reactants, a reactive cationic dye (RCD) was synthesized. Then the dye prepared was used to modify the pristine chitosan (CTS) membrane to synthesize a novel alkaline exchange membrane for low temperature fuel cells. The performance of the prepared membranes were researched in details. FTIR and SEM were used for chemical and structural characterization of the membranes while thermo gravimetric analysis was adopted to study the membranes' thermal stability. The properties of the membranes such as OH − conductivity (σ), water uptake (WU), ion exchange capacity (IEC) and mechanical property were also investigated systematically to evaluate their application performances. The results showed that the OH − conductivity of the membrane (52 μm) can reach 4.59 × 10 −3 S cm −1 and increase with the temperature increasing from 30 °C to 80 °C. After immersing the CTS/RCD membrane (52 μm) in the KOH solution (80 °C, 8 mol L −1 ) for 300 h, the OH − conductivity of the membrane didn't decrease, on the contrary, it increased to 1.057 × 10 −2 S cm −1 , which indicated that the membrane had the excellent stability to resist the strong alkaline Lye.
Stephen J. Eglen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Estimating the location and size of retinal injections from orthogonal images of an intact retina
BMC Neuroscience, 2015Co-Authors: J. J. Johannes Hjorth, Elise Savier, David C. Sterratt, Michaël Reber, Stephen J. EglenAbstract:Background To study the mapping from the retina to the brain, typically a small region of the retina is injected with a dye, which then propagates to the retina’s target structures. To determine the location of the injection, usually the retina is dissected out of the eye, flattened and then imaged, causing tears and stretching of the retina. The location of the injection is then estimated from the image of the flattened retina. Here we propose a new method that avoids dissection of the retina. Results We have developed IntactEye, a software package that uses two orthogonal images of the intact retina to locate focal injections of a dye. The two images are taken while the retina is still inside the eye. This bypasses the dissection step, avoiding unnecessary damage to the retina, and speeds up data acquisition. By using the native spherical coordinates of the eye, we avoid distortions caused by interpreting a curved structure in a flat coordinate system. Our method compares well to the projection method and to the Retistruct package, which both use the flattened retina as a starting point. We have tested the method also on synthetic data, where the injection location is known. Our method has been designed for analysing mouse retinas, where there are no visible landmarks for discerning retinal orientation, but can also be applied to retinas from other species. Conclusions IntactEye allows the user to precisely specify the location and size of a retinal injection from two orthogonal images taken of the eye. We are solving the abstract problem of locating a point on a spherical object from two orthogonal images, which might have applications outside the field of neuroscience.
