The Experts below are selected from a list of 309 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Takahiro Hasebe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Grading system for Lymph Vessel tumor emboli: significant outcome predictor for patients with invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast who received neoadjuvant therapy
Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology Inc, 2010Co-Authors: Takahiro Hasebe, Motoki Iwasaki, Nao Okada, Sadako Akashi-tanaka, Takashi Hojo, Nobuko Tamura, Chikako Shimizu, Masashi Adachi, Yasuhiro Fujiwara, Tatsuhiro ShibataAbstract:The purpose of this study was to confirm that the grades of Lymph Vessel tumor emboli in biopsy specimens obtained before neoadjuvant therapy and in the surgical specimens obtained after neoadjuvant therapy according to the grading system we devised are significant histological outcome predictor for invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) patients who received neoadjuvant therapy. The subjects of this study were the 318 consecutive IDC patients who had received neoadjuvant therapy in our institution. The Lymph Vessel tumor embolus grades in the biopsy specimens and in the surgical specimens were significantly associated with the increases in mean number of nodal metastases. Multivariate analyses with well-known prognostic factors and p53 expression in tumor-stromal fibroblasts clearly showed that the Lymph Vessel tumor embolus grade based on the biopsy specimens and based on the surgical specimens significantly increased the hazard rates for tumor recurrence and tumor-related death in all the IDC patients as a whole, in the IDC patients who did not have nodal metastasis, and in the IDC patients who had nodal metastasis, and the outcome-predictive power of the Lymph Vessel tumor embolus grades based on the surgical specimens was superior to that of the Lymph Vessel tumor embolus grades based on the biopsy specimens. The grades in the grading system for Lymph Vessel tumor emboli were significantly associated with nodal metastasis, and the histological grading system is an excellent system for accurately predicting the outcome of patients with IDC of the breast who have received neoadjuvant therapy.
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Grading system for Lymph Vessel tumor emboli: significant outcome predictor for invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast
Human pathology, 2010Co-Authors: Takahiro Hasebe, Motoki Iwasaki, Nao Okada, Sadako Akashi-tanaka, Takashi Hojo, Tatsuhiro Shibata, Yuko Sasajima, Histoshi Tsuda, Takayuki KinoshitaAbstract:The purpose of this study was to confirm that the grading system for Lymph Vessel tumor emboli is a significant histologic outcome predictor for patients with invasive ductal carcinoma. The subjects of this study were 1042 invasive ductal carcinoma patients who did not receive neoadjuvant therapy. We classified all invasive ductal carcinomas according to the grading system for Lymph Vessel tumor emboli we devised, and performed multivariate analyses with well-known prognostic factors. Of 1042 carcinomas, 666, 250, 97, and 29 were classified according to the grading system for Lymph Vessel tumor emboli as grade 0 (no Lymph Vessel invasion), grade 1, grade 2, and grade 3, respectively. The univariate analyses showed that the difference in outcome between the group with grade 0 and the group with grade 1 was not significant, but that survival time was significantly shorter in the group of patients with grade 2 carcinomas than in the group with grade 1 carcinomas and significantly shorter in the group of patients with grade 3 carcinomas than in the group with grade 2 carcinomas. Multivariate analyses demonstrated that having a grade 2 or grade 3 carcinoma significantly increased the hazard rates for tumor recurrence and tumor-related death in the patients as a whole as well as in both the group of patients with nodal metastasis and the group without nodal metastasis. The grading system for Lymph Vessel tumor emboli is an excellent histologic grading system for predicting the outcome of patients with invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast.
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Grading system for Lymph Vessel tumor emboli for prediction of the outcome of invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast
Human pathology, 2008Co-Authors: Takahiro Hasebe, Chisako Yamauchi, Motoki Iwasaki, Genichiro Ishii, Noriaki Wada, Shigeru ImotoAbstract:There are no suitable histologic diagnostic clues for determining the true biological malignancy of invasive ductal carcinomas associated with Lymph Vessel tumor emboli. The purpose of this study was to devise a grading system for Lymph Vessel tumor emboli in invasive ductal carcinomas that would allow accurate prediction of the outcome of invasive ductal carcinoma patients with Lymph Vessel invasion. We classified 393 invasive ductal carcinomas into the following 4 grades according to the number of mitotic and apoptotic figures in tumor cells in Lymph Vessels at 1 high-power field: grade 0, no Lymph Vessel invasion; grade 1, absence of mitotic and apoptotic figures, presence of any number of mitotic figures and absence of apoptotic figures, or absence of mitotic figures and presence of any number of apoptotic figures; grade 2, 1 to 4 mitotic figures and 1 or more of apoptotic figures, or 1 or more of mitotic figures and 1 to 6 apoptotic figures; and grade 3, more than 4 mitotic figures and more than 6 apoptotic figures. The mortality rate increased with the grade, and the mortality rate of patients with grade 3 Lymph Vessel tumor emboli was more than 70%. Multivariate analyses with well-known prognostic factors demonstrated that grade 3 Lymph Vessel tumor emboli significantly increased the hazard rates for tumor recurrence, and tumor death independent of adjuvant therapy status, nodal status, or invasive tumor size. The grading system for Lymph Vessel tumor emboli is the best histologic grading system for accurately predicting the outcome of patients with invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast.
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accurate assessment of Lymph Vessel tumor emboli in invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast according to tumor areas and their prognostic significance
Human Pathology, 2007Co-Authors: Chisako Yamauchi, Takahiro Hasebe, Motoki Iwasaki, Noriaki Wada, Shigeru Imoto, Masashi Fukayama, Atsushi OchiaiAbstract:Lymph Vessel tumor emboli (LVTEs) within tumors are difficult to distinguish from stroma-invasive tumor foci. The purpose of this study was to evaluate staining of LVTEs with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and with D2-40 to determine whether LVTEs identified by HE staining alone are D2-40-positive LVTE and whether the presence of LVTE identified by HE or D2-40 staining is an accurate predictor of outcome in 151 patients with invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) of the breast. We first attempted to identify LVTE in the stroma-invasive tumor area (intratumor area), the advance area, and the nontumor area by HE staining alone, and then LVTE identified by HE staining was confirmed by D2-40 staining. The number of LVTE identified by HE staining and D2-40 staining successively increased from the intratumor area to the nontumor area. Although D2-40 staining detected larger numbers of LVTE than HE staining in all tumor areas, the highest positive predictive value of LVTE was observed in the intratumor area, and the next was in the advance area, and then the nontumor area, and significant correlations were found between the numbers of LVTE stained by HE and D2-40 in the same tumor areas. LVTE identified by HE staining or D2-40 staining in the intratumor area or nontumor area significantly increased the risk for tumor recurrence or death of patients with IDC, independent of hormone receptor status or nodal status. The results of this study demonstrate that the existence of intratumoral LVTE and that the presence of intratumoral LVTE identified by HE staining or D2-40 staining are accurate predictors of the outcome of patients with IDC of the breast.
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Characteristics of tumors in Lymph Vessels play an important role in the tumor progression of invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast : a prospective study
Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology Inc, 2002Co-Authors: Takahiro Hasebe, Shigeru Imoto, Satoshi Sasaki, Atsushi OchiaiAbstract:It is unknown whether the characteristics of tumor cells in Lymph Vessels play an important role in the tumor progression of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) of the breast. The purpose of this study was to investigate the significance of the characteristics of tumor cells in the Lymph Vessels in relation to the tumor progression in 393 IDC patients in comparison with well-known histological parameters. The dimensions of Lymph Vessel tumor emboli were measured, and their structural features, nuclear atypia, and numbers of mitotic and apoptotic figures were also assessed. Multiple regression analysis showed the dimension, the distance, the number of mitotic figures, the number of apoptotic figures, and papillary features of Lymph Vessel tumor emboli to be significantly associated with the increased number of cells invading the Lymph Vessels (P < .05). The Cox proportional hazard multivariate analyses showed that more than six apoptotic figures in Lymph Vessel tumor emboli significantly increased the hazard rates (HRs) of tumor recurrence and death in IDCs without nodal metastasis and that more than four mitotic figures in Lymph Vessel tumor emboli significantly increased the HRs of tumor recurrence and death in IDCs with nodal metastasis (P < .05). The present study showed that the histological characteristics of tumor cells in Lymph Vessels play a very important role in the tumor progression of IDCs.
Motoki Iwasaki - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Grading system for Lymph Vessel tumor emboli: significant outcome predictor for patients with invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast who received neoadjuvant therapy
Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology Inc, 2010Co-Authors: Takahiro Hasebe, Motoki Iwasaki, Nao Okada, Sadako Akashi-tanaka, Takashi Hojo, Nobuko Tamura, Chikako Shimizu, Masashi Adachi, Yasuhiro Fujiwara, Tatsuhiro ShibataAbstract:The purpose of this study was to confirm that the grades of Lymph Vessel tumor emboli in biopsy specimens obtained before neoadjuvant therapy and in the surgical specimens obtained after neoadjuvant therapy according to the grading system we devised are significant histological outcome predictor for invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) patients who received neoadjuvant therapy. The subjects of this study were the 318 consecutive IDC patients who had received neoadjuvant therapy in our institution. The Lymph Vessel tumor embolus grades in the biopsy specimens and in the surgical specimens were significantly associated with the increases in mean number of nodal metastases. Multivariate analyses with well-known prognostic factors and p53 expression in tumor-stromal fibroblasts clearly showed that the Lymph Vessel tumor embolus grade based on the biopsy specimens and based on the surgical specimens significantly increased the hazard rates for tumor recurrence and tumor-related death in all the IDC patients as a whole, in the IDC patients who did not have nodal metastasis, and in the IDC patients who had nodal metastasis, and the outcome-predictive power of the Lymph Vessel tumor embolus grades based on the surgical specimens was superior to that of the Lymph Vessel tumor embolus grades based on the biopsy specimens. The grades in the grading system for Lymph Vessel tumor emboli were significantly associated with nodal metastasis, and the histological grading system is an excellent system for accurately predicting the outcome of patients with IDC of the breast who have received neoadjuvant therapy.
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Grading system for Lymph Vessel tumor emboli: significant outcome predictor for invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast
Human pathology, 2010Co-Authors: Takahiro Hasebe, Motoki Iwasaki, Nao Okada, Sadako Akashi-tanaka, Takashi Hojo, Tatsuhiro Shibata, Yuko Sasajima, Histoshi Tsuda, Takayuki KinoshitaAbstract:The purpose of this study was to confirm that the grading system for Lymph Vessel tumor emboli is a significant histologic outcome predictor for patients with invasive ductal carcinoma. The subjects of this study were 1042 invasive ductal carcinoma patients who did not receive neoadjuvant therapy. We classified all invasive ductal carcinomas according to the grading system for Lymph Vessel tumor emboli we devised, and performed multivariate analyses with well-known prognostic factors. Of 1042 carcinomas, 666, 250, 97, and 29 were classified according to the grading system for Lymph Vessel tumor emboli as grade 0 (no Lymph Vessel invasion), grade 1, grade 2, and grade 3, respectively. The univariate analyses showed that the difference in outcome between the group with grade 0 and the group with grade 1 was not significant, but that survival time was significantly shorter in the group of patients with grade 2 carcinomas than in the group with grade 1 carcinomas and significantly shorter in the group of patients with grade 3 carcinomas than in the group with grade 2 carcinomas. Multivariate analyses demonstrated that having a grade 2 or grade 3 carcinoma significantly increased the hazard rates for tumor recurrence and tumor-related death in the patients as a whole as well as in both the group of patients with nodal metastasis and the group without nodal metastasis. The grading system for Lymph Vessel tumor emboli is an excellent histologic grading system for predicting the outcome of patients with invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast.
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Grading system for Lymph Vessel tumor emboli for prediction of the outcome of invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast
Human pathology, 2008Co-Authors: Takahiro Hasebe, Chisako Yamauchi, Motoki Iwasaki, Genichiro Ishii, Noriaki Wada, Shigeru ImotoAbstract:There are no suitable histologic diagnostic clues for determining the true biological malignancy of invasive ductal carcinomas associated with Lymph Vessel tumor emboli. The purpose of this study was to devise a grading system for Lymph Vessel tumor emboli in invasive ductal carcinomas that would allow accurate prediction of the outcome of invasive ductal carcinoma patients with Lymph Vessel invasion. We classified 393 invasive ductal carcinomas into the following 4 grades according to the number of mitotic and apoptotic figures in tumor cells in Lymph Vessels at 1 high-power field: grade 0, no Lymph Vessel invasion; grade 1, absence of mitotic and apoptotic figures, presence of any number of mitotic figures and absence of apoptotic figures, or absence of mitotic figures and presence of any number of apoptotic figures; grade 2, 1 to 4 mitotic figures and 1 or more of apoptotic figures, or 1 or more of mitotic figures and 1 to 6 apoptotic figures; and grade 3, more than 4 mitotic figures and more than 6 apoptotic figures. The mortality rate increased with the grade, and the mortality rate of patients with grade 3 Lymph Vessel tumor emboli was more than 70%. Multivariate analyses with well-known prognostic factors demonstrated that grade 3 Lymph Vessel tumor emboli significantly increased the hazard rates for tumor recurrence, and tumor death independent of adjuvant therapy status, nodal status, or invasive tumor size. The grading system for Lymph Vessel tumor emboli is the best histologic grading system for accurately predicting the outcome of patients with invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast.
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accurate assessment of Lymph Vessel tumor emboli in invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast according to tumor areas and their prognostic significance
Human Pathology, 2007Co-Authors: Chisako Yamauchi, Takahiro Hasebe, Motoki Iwasaki, Noriaki Wada, Shigeru Imoto, Masashi Fukayama, Atsushi OchiaiAbstract:Lymph Vessel tumor emboli (LVTEs) within tumors are difficult to distinguish from stroma-invasive tumor foci. The purpose of this study was to evaluate staining of LVTEs with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and with D2-40 to determine whether LVTEs identified by HE staining alone are D2-40-positive LVTE and whether the presence of LVTE identified by HE or D2-40 staining is an accurate predictor of outcome in 151 patients with invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) of the breast. We first attempted to identify LVTE in the stroma-invasive tumor area (intratumor area), the advance area, and the nontumor area by HE staining alone, and then LVTE identified by HE staining was confirmed by D2-40 staining. The number of LVTE identified by HE staining and D2-40 staining successively increased from the intratumor area to the nontumor area. Although D2-40 staining detected larger numbers of LVTE than HE staining in all tumor areas, the highest positive predictive value of LVTE was observed in the intratumor area, and the next was in the advance area, and then the nontumor area, and significant correlations were found between the numbers of LVTE stained by HE and D2-40 in the same tumor areas. LVTE identified by HE staining or D2-40 staining in the intratumor area or nontumor area significantly increased the risk for tumor recurrence or death of patients with IDC, independent of hormone receptor status or nodal status. The results of this study demonstrate that the existence of intratumoral LVTE and that the presence of intratumoral LVTE identified by HE staining or D2-40 staining are accurate predictors of the outcome of patients with IDC of the breast.
Shigeru Imoto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Grading system for Lymph Vessel tumor emboli for prediction of the outcome of invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast
Human pathology, 2008Co-Authors: Takahiro Hasebe, Chisako Yamauchi, Motoki Iwasaki, Genichiro Ishii, Noriaki Wada, Shigeru ImotoAbstract:There are no suitable histologic diagnostic clues for determining the true biological malignancy of invasive ductal carcinomas associated with Lymph Vessel tumor emboli. The purpose of this study was to devise a grading system for Lymph Vessel tumor emboli in invasive ductal carcinomas that would allow accurate prediction of the outcome of invasive ductal carcinoma patients with Lymph Vessel invasion. We classified 393 invasive ductal carcinomas into the following 4 grades according to the number of mitotic and apoptotic figures in tumor cells in Lymph Vessels at 1 high-power field: grade 0, no Lymph Vessel invasion; grade 1, absence of mitotic and apoptotic figures, presence of any number of mitotic figures and absence of apoptotic figures, or absence of mitotic figures and presence of any number of apoptotic figures; grade 2, 1 to 4 mitotic figures and 1 or more of apoptotic figures, or 1 or more of mitotic figures and 1 to 6 apoptotic figures; and grade 3, more than 4 mitotic figures and more than 6 apoptotic figures. The mortality rate increased with the grade, and the mortality rate of patients with grade 3 Lymph Vessel tumor emboli was more than 70%. Multivariate analyses with well-known prognostic factors demonstrated that grade 3 Lymph Vessel tumor emboli significantly increased the hazard rates for tumor recurrence, and tumor death independent of adjuvant therapy status, nodal status, or invasive tumor size. The grading system for Lymph Vessel tumor emboli is the best histologic grading system for accurately predicting the outcome of patients with invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast.
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accurate assessment of Lymph Vessel tumor emboli in invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast according to tumor areas and their prognostic significance
Human Pathology, 2007Co-Authors: Chisako Yamauchi, Takahiro Hasebe, Motoki Iwasaki, Noriaki Wada, Shigeru Imoto, Masashi Fukayama, Atsushi OchiaiAbstract:Lymph Vessel tumor emboli (LVTEs) within tumors are difficult to distinguish from stroma-invasive tumor foci. The purpose of this study was to evaluate staining of LVTEs with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and with D2-40 to determine whether LVTEs identified by HE staining alone are D2-40-positive LVTE and whether the presence of LVTE identified by HE or D2-40 staining is an accurate predictor of outcome in 151 patients with invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) of the breast. We first attempted to identify LVTE in the stroma-invasive tumor area (intratumor area), the advance area, and the nontumor area by HE staining alone, and then LVTE identified by HE staining was confirmed by D2-40 staining. The number of LVTE identified by HE staining and D2-40 staining successively increased from the intratumor area to the nontumor area. Although D2-40 staining detected larger numbers of LVTE than HE staining in all tumor areas, the highest positive predictive value of LVTE was observed in the intratumor area, and the next was in the advance area, and then the nontumor area, and significant correlations were found between the numbers of LVTE stained by HE and D2-40 in the same tumor areas. LVTE identified by HE staining or D2-40 staining in the intratumor area or nontumor area significantly increased the risk for tumor recurrence or death of patients with IDC, independent of hormone receptor status or nodal status. The results of this study demonstrate that the existence of intratumoral LVTE and that the presence of intratumoral LVTE identified by HE staining or D2-40 staining are accurate predictors of the outcome of patients with IDC of the breast.
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Characteristics of tumors in Lymph Vessels play an important role in the tumor progression of invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast : a prospective study
Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology Inc, 2002Co-Authors: Takahiro Hasebe, Shigeru Imoto, Satoshi Sasaki, Atsushi OchiaiAbstract:It is unknown whether the characteristics of tumor cells in Lymph Vessels play an important role in the tumor progression of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) of the breast. The purpose of this study was to investigate the significance of the characteristics of tumor cells in the Lymph Vessels in relation to the tumor progression in 393 IDC patients in comparison with well-known histological parameters. The dimensions of Lymph Vessel tumor emboli were measured, and their structural features, nuclear atypia, and numbers of mitotic and apoptotic figures were also assessed. Multiple regression analysis showed the dimension, the distance, the number of mitotic figures, the number of apoptotic figures, and papillary features of Lymph Vessel tumor emboli to be significantly associated with the increased number of cells invading the Lymph Vessels (P < .05). The Cox proportional hazard multivariate analyses showed that more than six apoptotic figures in Lymph Vessel tumor emboli significantly increased the hazard rates (HRs) of tumor recurrence and death in IDCs without nodal metastasis and that more than four mitotic figures in Lymph Vessel tumor emboli significantly increased the HRs of tumor recurrence and death in IDCs with nodal metastasis (P < .05). The present study showed that the histological characteristics of tumor cells in Lymph Vessels play a very important role in the tumor progression of IDCs.
Takayuki Kinoshita - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Grading system for Lymph Vessel tumor emboli: significant outcome predictor for invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast
Human pathology, 2010Co-Authors: Takahiro Hasebe, Motoki Iwasaki, Nao Okada, Sadako Akashi-tanaka, Takashi Hojo, Tatsuhiro Shibata, Yuko Sasajima, Histoshi Tsuda, Takayuki KinoshitaAbstract:The purpose of this study was to confirm that the grading system for Lymph Vessel tumor emboli is a significant histologic outcome predictor for patients with invasive ductal carcinoma. The subjects of this study were 1042 invasive ductal carcinoma patients who did not receive neoadjuvant therapy. We classified all invasive ductal carcinomas according to the grading system for Lymph Vessel tumor emboli we devised, and performed multivariate analyses with well-known prognostic factors. Of 1042 carcinomas, 666, 250, 97, and 29 were classified according to the grading system for Lymph Vessel tumor emboli as grade 0 (no Lymph Vessel invasion), grade 1, grade 2, and grade 3, respectively. The univariate analyses showed that the difference in outcome between the group with grade 0 and the group with grade 1 was not significant, but that survival time was significantly shorter in the group of patients with grade 2 carcinomas than in the group with grade 1 carcinomas and significantly shorter in the group of patients with grade 3 carcinomas than in the group with grade 2 carcinomas. Multivariate analyses demonstrated that having a grade 2 or grade 3 carcinoma significantly increased the hazard rates for tumor recurrence and tumor-related death in the patients as a whole as well as in both the group of patients with nodal metastasis and the group without nodal metastasis. The grading system for Lymph Vessel tumor emboli is an excellent histologic grading system for predicting the outcome of patients with invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast.
Alexander Marks - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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significance of Lymph Vessel invasion identified by the endothelial Lymphatic marker d2 40 in node negative breast cancer
Modern Pathology, 2007Co-Authors: Angel Arnaoutalkarain, Harriette J Kahn, Steven A Narod, Ping A Sun, Alexander MarksAbstract:Monoclonal antibody D2-40, a marker of Lymphatic endothelium, identifies tumor emboli in Lymph Vessels. The aim of the study was to assess whether D2-40+ Lymph Vessel invasion (LVI) correlates with clinicopathologic factors including Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) as assessed by haematoxylin and eosin-stained sections (H&E+ or H&E-) and to assess the prognostic significance in node-negative breast cancer. The study group consisted of 303 node-negative breast cancer patients that had a median follow-up of 7.6 years. Clinical and pathological data were retrieved from the Henrietta Banting database. Immunohistochemical staining was performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections of the primary invasive carcinoma using D2-40. Immunostaining with CD31 was performed on the discordant cases that were H&E+/D2-40-. D2-40+ Lymph Vessel invasion was detected in 82/303 (27%) cases. The foci of Lymphatic invasion occurred predominantly at the invasive front of the tumor. The absence of D2-40 and CD31 in 13/17 discordant cases was suggestive of retraction artefact. D2-40+ Lymph Vessel invasion correlated significantly with age (P=0.0003), tumor size (P=0.005), histological grade (P=0.0001), H&E+ (P=<0.0001) and estrogen receptor status (P=0.005) but not with histological type or progesterone receptor status. Multivariate analysis revealed that D2-40+ Lymph Vessel invasion was the only significant predictor of distant recurrence. There was no significant association between D2-40 status and local recurrence (P=0.752) or regional recurrence (P=0.13). Both D2-40+Lymph Vessel invasion (P=0.009) and H&E+LVI cases (P=0.02) were associated with overall shorter survival in univariate analysis. These data indicate that D2-40 identifies Lymphatic invasion in breast tumors and is a significant predictor of outcome in breast cancer.
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Significance of Lymph Vessel invasion identified by the endothelial Lymphatic marker D2-40 in node negative breast cancer
Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology Inc, 2007Co-Authors: Angel Arnaout-alkarain, Harriette J Kahn, Steven A Narod, Ping A Sun, Alexander MarksAbstract:Monoclonal antibody D2-40, a marker of Lymphatic endothelium, identifies tumor emboli in Lymph Vessels. The aim of the study was to assess whether D2-40+ Lymph Vessel invasion (LVI) correlates with clinicopathologic factors including Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) as assessed by haematoxylin and eosin-stained sections (H&E+ or H&E-) and to assess the prognostic significance in node-negative breast cancer. The study group consisted of 303 node-negative breast cancer patients that had a median follow-up of 7.6 years. Clinical and pathological data were retrieved from the Henrietta Banting database. Immunohistochemical staining was performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections of the primary invasive carcinoma using D2-40. Immunostaining with CD31 was performed on the discordant cases that were H&E+/D2-40-. D2-40+ Lymph Vessel invasion was detected in 82/303 (27%) cases. The foci of Lymphatic invasion occurred predominantly at the invasive front of the tumor. The absence of D2-40 and CD31 in 13/17 discordant cases was suggestive of retraction artefact. D2-40+ Lymph Vessel invasion correlated significantly with age (P=0.0003), tumor size (P=0.005), histological grade (P=0.0001), H&E+ (P=
