The Experts below are selected from a list of 1497 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
M E Stanghellini - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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disease development on lisianthus following aerial transmission of fusarium avenaceum by adult shore flies fungus gnats and moth flies
Plant Disease, 2005Co-Authors: Z A Elhamalawi, M E StanghelliniAbstract:ABSTRACT Fusarium crown and stem rot of lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum), caused by Fusarium avenaceum, is a destructive disease in California. The pathogen produces large masses of orangecolored Macroconidia on stem lesions that extend up to 35 cm in length from the soil surface. Populations of Macroconidia (97% viability) range from 1.1 × 108 to 1.9 × 108 per cm of infected stem tissue. An aboveground life stage for a soilborne pathogen could serve as a source for acquisition and aerial dissemination by adult shore flies, fungus gnats, and moth flies. Our results provide evidence that these three insects are attracted to and readily acquire (either externally and/or internally) Macroconidia of F. avenaceum produced on naturally infected lisianthus stems and then disseminate acquired Macroconidia to healthy plants, which subsequently died, or to an abiotic substrate (Komada's medium, KM). The high percentage of transmission, as evidenced by both the number of KM plates colonized by the pathogen (up to 6...
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disease development on lisianthus following aerial transmission of fusarium avenaceum by adult shore flies fungus gnats and moth flies
Plant Disease, 2005Co-Authors: Z A Elhamalawi, M E StanghelliniAbstract:Fusarium crown and stem rot of lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum), caused by Fusarium avenaceum, is a destructive disease in California. The pathogen produces large masses of orangecolored Macroconidia on stem lesions that extend up to 35 cm in length from the soil surface. Populations of Macroconidia (97% viability) range from 1.1 × 108 to 1.9 × 108 per cm of infected stem tissue. An aboveground life stage for a soilborne pathogen could serve as a source for acquisition and aerial dissemination by adult shore flies, fungus gnats, and moth flies. Our results provide evidence that these three insects are attracted to and readily acquire (either externally and/or internally) Macroconidia of F. avenaceum produced on naturally infected lisianthus stems and then disseminate acquired Macroconidia to healthy plants, which subsequently died, or to an abiotic substrate (Komada's medium, KM). The high percentage of transmission, as evidenced by both the number of KM plates colonized by the pathogen (up to 68.5% within 18 h) and the number of plants infected (75% within 4 days), reflects the efficiency of these insects as vectors.
Wonbo Shim - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A Conserved Homeobox Transcription Factor Htf1 Is Required for Phialide Development and Conidiogenesis in Fusarium Species
2016Co-Authors: Wenhui Zheng, Qingping Huang, Chengkang Zhang, Huanchen Zhai, Wonbo Shim, Xu Zhao, Qiurong Xie, Zonghua WangAbstract:Conidia are primary means of asexual reproduction and dispersal in a variety of pathogenic fungi, and it is widely recognized that they play a critical role in animal and plant disease epidemics. However, genetic mechanisms associated with conidiogenesis are complex and remain largely undefined in numerous pathogenic fungi. We previously showed that Htf1, a homeobox transcription factor, is required for conidiogenesis in the rice pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae. In this study, our aim was to characterize how Htf1 homolog regulates common and also distinctive conidiogenesis in three key Fusarium pathogens: F. graminearm, F. verticillioides, and F. oxysporum. When compared to wild-type progenitors, the gene-deletion mutants in Fusarium species failed to form conventional phialides. Rather, they formed clusters of aberrant phialides that resembled elongated hyphae segments, and it is conceivable that this led to the obstruction of conidiation in phialides. We also observed that mutants, as well as wild-type Fusaria, can initiate alternative Macroconidia production directly from hyphae through budding-like mechanism albeit at low frequencies. Microscopic observations led us to conclude that proper basal cell division and subsequent foot cell development of Macroconidia were negatively impacted in the mutants. In F. verticillioides and F. oxysporum, mutants exhibited a 2- to 5- microconidia complex at the apex of monophialides resulting in a floral petal-like shape. Also, prototypical microconidia chains were absent in F. verticillioides mutants. F. graminearum an
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a conserved homeobox transcription factor htf1 is required for phialide development and conidiogenesis in fusarium species
PLOS ONE, 2012Co-Authors: Wenhui Zheng, Qingping Huang, Chengkang Zhang, Huanchen Zhai, Liping Xu, Wonbo Shim, Guodong Lu, Xu ZhaoAbstract:Conidia are primary means of asexual reproduction and dispersal in a variety of pathogenic fungi, and it is widely recognized that they play a critical role in animal and plant disease epidemics. However, genetic mechanisms associated with conidiogenesis are complex and remain largely undefined in numerous pathogenic fungi. We previously showed that Htf1, a homeobox transcription factor, is required for conidiogenesis in the rice pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae. In this study, our aim was to characterize how Htf1 homolog regulates common and also distinctive conidiogenesis in three key Fusarium pathogens: F. graminearm, F. verticillioides, and F. oxysporum. When compared to wild-type progenitors, the gene-deletion mutants in Fusarium species failed to form conventional phialides. Rather, they formed clusters of aberrant phialides that resembled elongated hyphae segments, and it is conceivable that this led to the obstruction of conidiation in phialides. We also observed that mutants, as well as wild-type Fusaria, can initiate alternative Macroconidia production directly from hyphae through budding-like mechanism albeit at low frequencies. Microscopic observations led us to conclude that proper basal cell division and subsequent foot cell development of Macroconidia were negatively impacted in the mutants. In F. verticillioides and F. oxysporum, mutants exhibited a 2- to 5- microconidia complex at the apex of monophialides resulting in a floral petal-like shape. Also, prototypical microconidia chains were absent in F. verticillioides mutants. F. graminearum and F. verticillioides mutants were complemented by introducing its native HTF1 gene or homologs from other Fusarium species. These results suggest that Fusarium Htf1 is functionally conserved homeobox transcription factor that regulates phialide development and conidiogenesis via distinct signaling pathways yet to be characterized in fungi.
Z A Elhamalawi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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disease development on lisianthus following aerial transmission of fusarium avenaceum by adult shore flies fungus gnats and moth flies
Plant Disease, 2005Co-Authors: Z A Elhamalawi, M E StanghelliniAbstract:ABSTRACT Fusarium crown and stem rot of lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum), caused by Fusarium avenaceum, is a destructive disease in California. The pathogen produces large masses of orangecolored Macroconidia on stem lesions that extend up to 35 cm in length from the soil surface. Populations of Macroconidia (97% viability) range from 1.1 × 108 to 1.9 × 108 per cm of infected stem tissue. An aboveground life stage for a soilborne pathogen could serve as a source for acquisition and aerial dissemination by adult shore flies, fungus gnats, and moth flies. Our results provide evidence that these three insects are attracted to and readily acquire (either externally and/or internally) Macroconidia of F. avenaceum produced on naturally infected lisianthus stems and then disseminate acquired Macroconidia to healthy plants, which subsequently died, or to an abiotic substrate (Komada's medium, KM). The high percentage of transmission, as evidenced by both the number of KM plates colonized by the pathogen (up to 6...
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disease development on lisianthus following aerial transmission of fusarium avenaceum by adult shore flies fungus gnats and moth flies
Plant Disease, 2005Co-Authors: Z A Elhamalawi, M E StanghelliniAbstract:Fusarium crown and stem rot of lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum), caused by Fusarium avenaceum, is a destructive disease in California. The pathogen produces large masses of orangecolored Macroconidia on stem lesions that extend up to 35 cm in length from the soil surface. Populations of Macroconidia (97% viability) range from 1.1 × 108 to 1.9 × 108 per cm of infected stem tissue. An aboveground life stage for a soilborne pathogen could serve as a source for acquisition and aerial dissemination by adult shore flies, fungus gnats, and moth flies. Our results provide evidence that these three insects are attracted to and readily acquire (either externally and/or internally) Macroconidia of F. avenaceum produced on naturally infected lisianthus stems and then disseminate acquired Macroconidia to healthy plants, which subsequently died, or to an abiotic substrate (Komada's medium, KM). The high percentage of transmission, as evidenced by both the number of KM plates colonized by the pathogen (up to 68.5% within 18 h) and the number of plants infected (75% within 4 days), reflects the efficiency of these insects as vectors.
Huanchen Zhai - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A Conserved Homeobox Transcription Factor Htf1 Is Required for Phialide Development and Conidiogenesis in Fusarium Species
2016Co-Authors: Wenhui Zheng, Qingping Huang, Chengkang Zhang, Huanchen Zhai, Wonbo Shim, Xu Zhao, Qiurong Xie, Zonghua WangAbstract:Conidia are primary means of asexual reproduction and dispersal in a variety of pathogenic fungi, and it is widely recognized that they play a critical role in animal and plant disease epidemics. However, genetic mechanisms associated with conidiogenesis are complex and remain largely undefined in numerous pathogenic fungi. We previously showed that Htf1, a homeobox transcription factor, is required for conidiogenesis in the rice pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae. In this study, our aim was to characterize how Htf1 homolog regulates common and also distinctive conidiogenesis in three key Fusarium pathogens: F. graminearm, F. verticillioides, and F. oxysporum. When compared to wild-type progenitors, the gene-deletion mutants in Fusarium species failed to form conventional phialides. Rather, they formed clusters of aberrant phialides that resembled elongated hyphae segments, and it is conceivable that this led to the obstruction of conidiation in phialides. We also observed that mutants, as well as wild-type Fusaria, can initiate alternative Macroconidia production directly from hyphae through budding-like mechanism albeit at low frequencies. Microscopic observations led us to conclude that proper basal cell division and subsequent foot cell development of Macroconidia were negatively impacted in the mutants. In F. verticillioides and F. oxysporum, mutants exhibited a 2- to 5- microconidia complex at the apex of monophialides resulting in a floral petal-like shape. Also, prototypical microconidia chains were absent in F. verticillioides mutants. F. graminearum an
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a conserved homeobox transcription factor htf1 is required for phialide development and conidiogenesis in fusarium species
PLOS ONE, 2012Co-Authors: Wenhui Zheng, Qingping Huang, Chengkang Zhang, Huanchen Zhai, Liping Xu, Wonbo Shim, Guodong Lu, Xu ZhaoAbstract:Conidia are primary means of asexual reproduction and dispersal in a variety of pathogenic fungi, and it is widely recognized that they play a critical role in animal and plant disease epidemics. However, genetic mechanisms associated with conidiogenesis are complex and remain largely undefined in numerous pathogenic fungi. We previously showed that Htf1, a homeobox transcription factor, is required for conidiogenesis in the rice pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae. In this study, our aim was to characterize how Htf1 homolog regulates common and also distinctive conidiogenesis in three key Fusarium pathogens: F. graminearm, F. verticillioides, and F. oxysporum. When compared to wild-type progenitors, the gene-deletion mutants in Fusarium species failed to form conventional phialides. Rather, they formed clusters of aberrant phialides that resembled elongated hyphae segments, and it is conceivable that this led to the obstruction of conidiation in phialides. We also observed that mutants, as well as wild-type Fusaria, can initiate alternative Macroconidia production directly from hyphae through budding-like mechanism albeit at low frequencies. Microscopic observations led us to conclude that proper basal cell division and subsequent foot cell development of Macroconidia were negatively impacted in the mutants. In F. verticillioides and F. oxysporum, mutants exhibited a 2- to 5- microconidia complex at the apex of monophialides resulting in a floral petal-like shape. Also, prototypical microconidia chains were absent in F. verticillioides mutants. F. graminearum and F. verticillioides mutants were complemented by introducing its native HTF1 gene or homologs from other Fusarium species. These results suggest that Fusarium Htf1 is functionally conserved homeobox transcription factor that regulates phialide development and conidiogenesis via distinct signaling pathways yet to be characterized in fungi.
K. W. Roy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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FUSARIUM SOLANI FROM ASCOSPORES OF NECTRIA HAEMATOCOCCA CAUSES SUDDEN DEATH SYNDROME OF SOYBEAN
Mycologia, 1993Co-Authors: T. S. Abney, T. L. Richards, K. W. RoyAbstract:This is the first report of a teleomorph connection for isolates of Fusarium solani that infect soybean. Nectria haematococca isolated from roots of soybean plants with sudden death syndrome proved to be the ascoma stage of F. solani. A single ascospore culture IN-2X-11A from IN-2X-11 produced sporodochia with masses of blue Macroconidia and essentially no microconidia. Another single asco? spore culture IN-2X-11B from IN-2X-11 did not produce Macroconidia, but it did produce the perfect state and microconidia. Hypocotyl inoculation of soybeans with Macroconidia plus mycelia of IN-2X11A caused severe foliar symptoms typical of sudden death syndrome. In contrast, no foliar symptoms of sudden death syndrome developed in plants inoculated with microconidia plus mycelia. Pathogenicity ofthe N. haematococca isolate producing abundant F. solani Macroconidia has been stable in inoculation tests since 1989, and it is more virulent than several other Indiana isolates of F. solani from soybean plants with severe sudden death syndrome.
