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Roslan, Muhammad Zhariff - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE NUMBER OF CIGARETTES PER DAY AND CAFFEINE INTAKE ON HEADACHE INTENSITY IN FACULTY OF MEDICINE STUDENT BATCH 2016 OF UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA : Muhammad Musa bin Mohd Rashid1, Alfansuri Kadri2* 1Student of Faculty of Medicine USU, Batch 2016 2* Member of Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine USU
Talenta Universitas Sumatera Utara, 2020Co-Authors: Roslan, Muhammad ZhariffAbstract:Introduction: Headache is pain or discomfort in all areas of the head. Based on the causes, headache can be classified as primary headaches and secondary headaches. Headache can be caused by several factors such as hormones, nutrition, weather, stress, pressure, emotional, sensory problems (cigarette smoke, perfume, etc.), lack of sleep, excessive sleep, fatigue and physical activity. Cigarette smoke contains dangerous substances such as nicotine, which can cause blood vessels to become vasoconstrictive and cause headaches. Caffeine can also cause headaches. Caffeine can be consumed instead of coffee, energy drinks, cocoa and soft drinks. The aim was to determine the relationship of smoking and caffeine consumption to the intensity of headache in the 2016 USU FK whip students. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between number of cigarettes per day and caffeine intake on headache intensity in Faculty of Medicine student batch 2016 of Universitas Sumatera Utara. Method: Analytical research methods, with cross-sectional research design on students of the 2016 University of North Sumatra School of Medicine. The study population was 227 students of the 2016 Faculty of Medicine, University of North Sumatra. The sampling method of this study was total sampling, taking the entire population of the Batch 2016 Faculty of Medicine students. All subjects were asked to fill out a questionnaire about the identity, smoking rate, level of caffeine consumption, intensity and headache frequency determined using NRS. Data analysis was made with SPSS and tested using a correlation test. Result: Data were analyzed with the Spearman correlation test. The results show 86 Respondents are Male Respondent (38.1%). The feMale Respondents were 140 Respondents (61.9%). This makes women the majority gender in this study. Then, the average age value was 21.01 ± 0.048. It was found that Batak tribe Respondents had the largest population, as many as 112 Respondents (49.6%). Meanwhile the Minang tribe is the least populous population of 5 Respondents (2.2%). Found Respondents that smoke are 32 Respondents (14.2%). Then found Respondents that did not smoke are194 Respondents (85.8%). 204 Respondents consumed caffeine were around 90.3% and 22 Respondents that did not consume caffeine which is about 9.7%. Spearman correlation analysis test showed no significant relationship between the number of cigarettes per day and the intensity of headache (p = 0.624) and there was a significant relationship between caffeine intake and headache intensity (p = <0.001). Conclusion: There is no relationship between the number of cigarettes per day to the headache intensity in the 2016 Faculty of Medicine students of University of North Sumatra. But there is a relationship between the number of cups of caffeine per week to headache intensity in the 2016 Faculty of Medicine students of the University of North Sumatra
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Relationship Between The Number of Cigarettes Per Day and Caffeine Intake on Headache Intensity in Faculty of Medicine Student Batch 2016 of Universitas Sumatera Utara
Talenta Universitas Sumatera Utara, 2020Co-Authors: Roslan, Muhammad ZhariffAbstract:Introduction: Headache is pain or discomfort in all areas of the head. Based on the causes, headache can be classified as primary headaches and secondary headaches. Headache can be caused by several factors such as hormones, nutrition, weather, stress, pressure, emotional, sensory problems (cigarette smoke, perfume, etc.), lack of sleep, excessive sleep, fatigue and physical activity. Cigarette smoke contains dangerous substances such as nicotine, which can cause blood vessels to become vasoconstrictive and cause headaches. Caffeine can also cause headaches. Caffeine can be consumed instead of coffee, energy drinks, cocoa and soft drinks. The aim was to determine the relationship of smoking and caffeine consumption to the intensity of headache in the 2016 USU FK whip students. Method: Analytical research methods, with cross-sectional research design on students of the 2016 University of North Sumatra School of Medicine. The study population was 227 students of the 2016 Faculty of Medicine, University of North Sumatra. The sampling method of this study was total sampling, taking the entire population of the Batch 2016 Faculty of Medicine students. All subjects were asked to fill out a questionnaire about the identity, smoking rate, level of caffeine consumption, intensity and headache frequency determined using NRS. Data analysis was made with SPSS and tested using a correlation test. Result: Data were analyzed with the Spearman correlation test. The results show 86 Respondents are Male Respondent (38.1%). The feMale Respondents were 140 Respondents (61.9%). This makes women the majority gender in this study. Then, the average age value was 21.01 ± 0.048. It was found that Batak tribe Respondents had the largest population, as many as 112 Respondents (49.6%). Meanwhile the Minang tribe is the least populous population of 5 Respondents (2.2%). Found Respondents that smoke are 32 Respondents (14.2%). Then found Respondents that did not smoke are194 Respondents (85.8%). 204 Respondents consumed caffeine were around 90.3% and 22 Respondents that did not consume caffeine which is about 9.7%. Spearman correlation analysis test showed no significant relationship between the number of cigarettes per day and the intensity of headache (p = 0.624) and there was a significant relationship between caffeine intake and headache intensity (p = <0.001). Conclusion: There is no relationship between the number of cigarettes per day to the headache intensity in the 2016 Faculty of Medicine students of University of North Sumatra. But there is a relationship between the number of cups of caffeine per week to headache intensity in the 2016 Faculty of Medicine students of the University of North Sumatra
Michael P Diamond - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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science linking environmental contaminant exposures with fertility and reproductive health impacts in the adult Male Respondent
Fertility and Sterility, 2008Co-Authors: Michael P DiamondAbstract:During the sessions we have heard about very appropriate issues, including that windows of susceptibility may vary, that interactions of contaminants may cause effects that far exceed the sum of individual effects, that dose–response relationships may not be standard, that genetic polymorphisms that influence individual response exist, and their nutritional supplements may eliminate contaminant effects. We have also heard about endpoint measurements such as hormone levels and gamete. What we did not hear very much about however is the desired outcomes that health care providers and patients would ask about, namely pregnancy outcomes, such as live births, the rates of congenital malformations, and the occurrence of miscarriages. The explanation for this paradox in large part relates to issues related to the complexity of, and confounding factors related to, conducting human clinical trials. For example, the chronologic age of feMale partner may vary, which is inversely related to pregnancy outcome, and positively correlated with the risk for miscarriages and the rate of congenital malformations. Another factor is the biologic age of the feMale partner (e.g., FSH level), whereas other issues to consider are the status of the feMale reproductive tract (the uterus, tubes, and existence of adhesions/endometriosis), as well as the husband’s semen characteristics. Social issues are also important. The frequency of intercourse may be altered by the effects of stress on relationship with her partner, as well as biologic functions such as the menstrual cycle. Additionally, the effects of infertility can have effects on marriage, and is associated with elevated rates of divorce. A further confounding factor is that women/couples may no longer wish to wait to observe outcome, but may initiate using infertility therapy, including drugs and assisted reproductive technology, and occurrence of multiples, which make outcome difficult to interpret. Regarding malformations it is important to note that there are differences in requirements of reporting by state, definition (e.g., still birth), qualifications of who does examinations, thoroughness of evaluation, and timing of presentation after birth. The evaluation of clinical outcomes of miscarriages is further confounded by trying to differentiate early miscarriages from menstrual irregularities. Finally, there are difficulties in data interpretation. For example, in our recent studies phthalates levels varied whether results were based on actual concentration, corrected on controlling for urine creatinine, or specific gravity. These have resulted in differing relationships (both crude and adjusted odd ratios) with regard to impact on sperm count, motility, and morphology.
Stephanie E Meyer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the natural history of Male mental health health and religious involvement
Social Science & Medicine, 2008Co-Authors: George E Vaillant, Janice Templeton, Monika Ardelt, Stephanie E MeyerAbstract:In prior studies, the effect of religious involvement upon physical health has shown generally positive results, but these studies have been marred by confounders. The 65-year-old US prospective Study of Adult Development has offered an opportunity to repeat these studies with somewhat better control over confounders. The physical and mental health of 224 Harvard University sophomores was monitored for 65 years. Their religious involvement from church attendance to private spirituality was prospectively monitored every 2-4 years from age 47 to 85. In this analysis we focus on the Male Respondent. We found that religious involvement, no matter how measured was uncorrelated with their late life physical, mental and social well-being. The exception was that the 44 men with major depression or with multiple negative life events were twice as likely to manifest high religious involvement as men with the least "stress." If these findings can be generalized, they suggest that religious involvement may exert the greatest mental health benefits on people with the fewest alternative social and personal resources.
George E Vaillant - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the natural history of Male mental health health and religious involvement
Social Science & Medicine, 2008Co-Authors: George E Vaillant, Janice Templeton, Monika Ardelt, Stephanie E MeyerAbstract:In prior studies, the effect of religious involvement upon physical health has shown generally positive results, but these studies have been marred by confounders. The 65-year-old US prospective Study of Adult Development has offered an opportunity to repeat these studies with somewhat better control over confounders. The physical and mental health of 224 Harvard University sophomores was monitored for 65 years. Their religious involvement from church attendance to private spirituality was prospectively monitored every 2-4 years from age 47 to 85. In this analysis we focus on the Male Respondent. We found that religious involvement, no matter how measured was uncorrelated with their late life physical, mental and social well-being. The exception was that the 44 men with major depression or with multiple negative life events were twice as likely to manifest high religious involvement as men with the least "stress." If these findings can be generalized, they suggest that religious involvement may exert the greatest mental health benefits on people with the fewest alternative social and personal resources.
Janice Templeton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the natural history of Male mental health health and religious involvement
Social Science & Medicine, 2008Co-Authors: George E Vaillant, Janice Templeton, Monika Ardelt, Stephanie E MeyerAbstract:In prior studies, the effect of religious involvement upon physical health has shown generally positive results, but these studies have been marred by confounders. The 65-year-old US prospective Study of Adult Development has offered an opportunity to repeat these studies with somewhat better control over confounders. The physical and mental health of 224 Harvard University sophomores was monitored for 65 years. Their religious involvement from church attendance to private spirituality was prospectively monitored every 2-4 years from age 47 to 85. In this analysis we focus on the Male Respondent. We found that religious involvement, no matter how measured was uncorrelated with their late life physical, mental and social well-being. The exception was that the 44 men with major depression or with multiple negative life events were twice as likely to manifest high religious involvement as men with the least "stress." If these findings can be generalized, they suggest that religious involvement may exert the greatest mental health benefits on people with the fewest alternative social and personal resources.