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Changjun Lee - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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does working long hours cause Marital Dissolution evidence from the reduction in south korea s workweek standard
Asian Population Studies, 2019Co-Authors: Erin Hyewon Kim, Changjun LeeAbstract:Despite its important implications, little is known about the possible impact on Marital Dissolution of workweek standards, which set the maximum working hours for full-time workers and may, theref...
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does working long hours cause Marital Dissolution evidence from the reduction in south korea s workweek standard
Social Science Research Network, 2017Co-Authors: Erin Hyewon Kim, Changjun LeeAbstract:Despite its important policy implications, little is known about the possible impact on Marital Dissolution of a workweek standard, which sets the maximum working hours for full-time salaried workers and, hence, tends to restrict their overtime work. Moreover, evidence on the effect of work on the risk of divorce has come predominantly from noncausal studies on the work status of women in the West. The Korean government reduced its workweek standard from 44 to 40 hours, and we assess how this four-hour reduction for male and female workers has affected their Marital Dissolution. Between 2004 and 2011, the 40-hour standard was initially applied to larger establishments and then later to smaller ones. We create two binary variables to indicate whether a husband’s and wife’s workweek standards were reduced to 40 hours in a given year, and discrete-time event history analysis examines the association of these variables with the risk of divorce. The annual longitudinal data come from the 2000 to 2015 waves of the Korea Labor and Income Panel Study. The results show that the legislative change for husbands lowered the risk of divorce, while that for wives had no significant impact. We speculate that the effect on men may be attributable to the reduction in their actual workweeks, which may have increased their interaction time with their spouses and children. By intervening in men’s overtime work, workweek standards may serve as an effective policy tool to stabilize marriage in the work-oriented, gender-unequal Asian countries.
Robert A Rosenheck - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the effects of Marital Dissolution and Marital quality on health and health service use among women
Medical Care, 1999Co-Authors: Holly G Prigerson, Paul K Maciejewski, Robert A RosenheckAbstract:Background.Little is known about the impact of Marital Dissolution and/or Marital harmony on health service use.Objectives.To examine the ways in which Marital Dissolution and/or Marital quality influence health and health service use.Research Design.The americans' Changing Lives (ACL) survey was de
Erin Hyewon Kim - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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does working long hours cause Marital Dissolution evidence from the reduction in south korea s workweek standard
Asian Population Studies, 2019Co-Authors: Erin Hyewon Kim, Changjun LeeAbstract:Despite its important implications, little is known about the possible impact on Marital Dissolution of workweek standards, which set the maximum working hours for full-time workers and may, theref...
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does working long hours cause Marital Dissolution evidence from the reduction in south korea s workweek standard
Social Science Research Network, 2017Co-Authors: Erin Hyewon Kim, Changjun LeeAbstract:Despite its important policy implications, little is known about the possible impact on Marital Dissolution of a workweek standard, which sets the maximum working hours for full-time salaried workers and, hence, tends to restrict their overtime work. Moreover, evidence on the effect of work on the risk of divorce has come predominantly from noncausal studies on the work status of women in the West. The Korean government reduced its workweek standard from 44 to 40 hours, and we assess how this four-hour reduction for male and female workers has affected their Marital Dissolution. Between 2004 and 2011, the 40-hour standard was initially applied to larger establishments and then later to smaller ones. We create two binary variables to indicate whether a husband’s and wife’s workweek standards were reduced to 40 hours in a given year, and discrete-time event history analysis examines the association of these variables with the risk of divorce. The annual longitudinal data come from the 2000 to 2015 waves of the Korea Labor and Income Panel Study. The results show that the legislative change for husbands lowered the risk of divorce, while that for wives had no significant impact. We speculate that the effect on men may be attributable to the reduction in their actual workweeks, which may have increased their interaction time with their spouses and children. By intervening in men’s overtime work, workweek standards may serve as an effective policy tool to stabilize marriage in the work-oriented, gender-unequal Asian countries.
Scott J South - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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changing partners toward a macrostructural opportunity theory of Marital Dissolution
Journal of Marriage and Family, 2001Co-Authors: Scott J South, Katherine Trent, Yang ShenAbstract:We merge Marital history data for respondents in the National Survey of Families and Households with census data describing the sex composition of their local marriage markets and occupations to examine the impact of the availability of spousal alternatives on Marital Dissolution. Proportional hazards regression models that adjust for left truncation reveal that the risk of divorce is highest in geographically defined marriage markets where either husbands or wives encounter numerous alternatives to their current partner. Couples are also more likely to divorce when the wife works in an occupation having relatively many men and few women, but husbands' occupational sex ratio has no effect on the risk of Marital Dissolution. The destabilizing effects of the availability of spousal alternatives in the local marriage market and in wives' occupations are equally strong among couples with many and few other risk factors for divorce. Our findings suggest that spouses' structural opportunities to form alternative opposite-sex relationships are an important factor in explaining why some couples divorce. Key Word: alternatives. divorce; occupation, sex ratio. Despite recent declines, the current divorce rate in the United States remains quite high relative to both earlier in the century (Goldstein, 1999) and to other countries (Goode, 1993). The vast social science literature on the determinants of divorce and separation has generally taken four approaches. Demographers tend to focus on the influence of sociodemographic factors and family background characteristics, particularly as these might indicate successful preparation for marriage (Bumpass, Martin, & Sweet, 1991), and on how divorce rates vary across individual and historical time (Thornton & Rodgers, 1987). Economists explore the effects of a couple's financial situation, especially wives' labor-force participation and earnings, frequently with the goal of testing hypotheses derived from the New Home Economics (Becker, 1991). Sociologists also tend to emphasize the impact of economic factors (Brines & Joyner, 1999), as well as characteristics of the couples themselves, such as the presence of children (Waite & Lillard, 1991) and the types of Marital problems and internal Marital dynamics that might precipitate a divorce (Amato & Rogers, 1997). Psychologists focus on how personality variables, Marital processes, and conjugal interaction styles influence Marital happiness and, through this, the risk of divorce (Gottman, Coan, Carrere, & Swanson, 1998). What all of these empirical approaches-and the theories that guide them-have in common is an emphasis on the characteristics of couples (and individual spouses) as predictors of Marital Dissolution. By and large, each of these perspectives locates the main causes of divorce in factors intrinsic to the couple. Thus, generally absent from these frameworks is a consideration of features of the social structural environment that might affect Marital disruption. One characteristic of the Marital environment that might be particularly destabilizing for marriages is the relative number of attractive Marital partners who might serve as alternatives to one's current spouse. There is some evidence that the number of spousal alternatives in the local geographic area influences the risk of divorce (South & Lloyd, 1995). However, prior research has ignored the supply of spousal alternatives in environments other than broad geographic areas or marriage markets. Furthermore, no study has attempted to determine under what conditions, and for what types of couples, the supply of spousal alternatives is most likely to influence Marital disruption. In this article we develop and test a perspective on Marital Dissolution that gives primary emphasis to the volume of attractive spousal alternatives as a key determinant of the risk of divorce. We label this approach a macrostructural-opportunity perspective because it directs attention to the opportunities for spouses to form potentially destabilizing opposite-sex relationships that are embedded within macro social structures. …
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time dependent effects of wives employment on Marital Dissolution
American Sociological Review, 2001Co-Authors: Scott J SouthAbstract:The specialization and trading model-the dominant theoretical perspective on Marital stability-posits a positive effect of wives' economic independence on the risk of divorce. Prior evidence for this association is mixed, however. This analysis explores the possibility that the effect of wives' labor force supply and educational attainment on Marital Dissolution varies across historical periods and across the Marital life course. Event-history analyses of data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics for 3,523 married couples observed between 1969 and 1993 reveal that the impact of wives' employment on Marital Dissolution has become increasingly positive, Moreover, as marriages age, the positive effect of wives' employment on divorce becomes stronger and the negative impact of wives' education becomes weaker, Possible explanations for these varying effects include the development of institutional supports for unmarried working mothers, the increasing adoption of nontraditional gender-role ideologies, and trends in workplace sex segregation
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do you need to shop around age at marriage spousal alternatives and Marital Dissolution
Journal of Family Issues, 1995Co-Authors: Scott J SouthAbstract:"This article attempts to shed light on the oft-observed relationship between age at marriage and Marital Dissolution by first deriving a hypothesis from Marital search theory that relates both variables to the supply of spousal alternatives in the local marriage market. This hypothesis states that, relative to people who marry later in life, persons who marry at comparatively young ages will be especially susceptible to divorce when confronted with abundant alternatives to their current spouse. Marital history data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth were then merged with aggregated data from the Public Use Microdata Samples of the 1980 U.S. census to test this hypothesis." The author finds that "discrete-time event history analyses offer no support for this hypothesis. Although the risk of Marital Dissolution is highest where either husbands or wives chance numerous spousal alternatives, the impact of age at marriage on divorce is significantly weaker in marriage markets containing abundant remarriage opportunities. Some of the effect of age at marriage on Marital Dissolution is attributable to the detrimental impact of early marriage on educational attainment."
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spousal alternatives and Marital Dissolution
American Sociological Review, 1995Co-Authors: Scott J South, Kim M LloydAbstract:The authors draw on three different data sources to explore the effects of the quantity and quality of potential remarriage partners available in the local marriage market on the risk of Marital Dissolution. First data from the National Survey of Families and Households are used to demonstrate that among recently-divorced couples a substantial percentage of husbands and wives had been romantically involved with someone other than their spouse prior to divorcing. Then microlevel data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth are merged with aggregated Public Use Microdata from the US census to examine directly the impact of marriage market characteristics and other contextual variables on the risk of Marital disruption net of conventional individual-level predictors of divorce. Proportional hazards regression models reveal that among nonhispanic Whites the risk of Dissolution is highest where either wives or husbands encounter abundant alternatives to their current spouse. The labor force participation rate of unmarried women and the rate of geographic mobility in the local marriage market also decrease Marital stability. In general the results suggest that many persons continue the Marital search even while married and that the distribution of spousal alternatives embedded in the social structure influences significantly the risk of Marital Dissolution. (authors)
Mark A. Whisman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Marital Dissolution Marital discord and c reactive protein results from the irish longitudinal study on ageing
Health Psychology, 2021Co-Authors: Julia M Salinger, Mark A. WhismanAbstract:Objective Inflammation is one biological pathway through which Marital Dissolution and Marital discord may increase risk for chronic disease. The present study was conducted to investigate the cross-sectional association between Marital Dissolution, Marital discord, and C-reactive protein (CRP), an indicator of inflammation, in a probability sample of Irish adults aged 50 years or older. Method Data were drawn from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing. Linear regression analyses were conducted to examine (a) the association between Marital Dissolution and CRP values (N = 2,545), (b) the association between Marital discord and CRP values (N = 1,949), and (c) whether these associations were moderated by gender. Subsequent models adjusted for demographic characteristics and health variables. Results With respect to Marital Dissolution, individuals who were separated or divorced had significantly higher CRP relative to married individuals. With respect to Marital discord, gender significantly moderated the association between Marital discord and CRP, such that Marital discord was significantly and positively associated with CRP for men, whereas this association was not statistically significant for women. Results for Marital Dissolution and Marital discord remained statistically significant when adjusting for demographic characteristics and health variables. Conclusions This is one of the first studies to document a significant cross-sectional association between Marital Dissolution, Marital discord, and CRP, incremental to demographic and health covariates, in a non-American probability sample. Results indicate that inflammation may be one pathway by which Marital Dissolution and Marital discord contribute to risk for disease and early death. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
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ExtraMarital Sex and Marital Dissolution: Does Identity of the ExtraMarital Partner Matter?
Family process, 2019Co-Authors: Lindsay T. Labrecque, Mark A. WhismanAbstract:Panel data from married adults (N = 1,853) in the General Social Survey, a probability sample of the adult household population of the United States, were used to evaluate (a) the longitudinal association between extraMarital sex and Marital Dissolution 2 years later, (b) whether probability of Marital Dissolution differed as a function of the type of relationship people reported having with their extraMarital sex partner, and (c) the degree to which these associations were incremental to participants' level of Marital satisfaction at baseline. Compared to people who reported not engaging in extraMarital sex, those who reported engaging in extraMarital sex at baseline were significantly more likely to be separated or divorced 2 years later. Furthermore, the association between having extraMarital sex with a close personal friend and Marital Dissolution was particularly strong. These associations remained statistically significant after adjusting for Marital satisfaction. Results suggest that the identity of the extraMarital sex partner and the type of relationship a person has with him or her has important implications for probability of Marital Dissolution above and beyond the contribution of Marital satisfaction.
