The Experts below are selected from a list of 113202 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Yu Xie - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Market Transition industrialization and social mobility trends in postrevolution china1
American Journal of Sociology, 2019Co-Authors: Xiang Zhou, Yu XieAbstract:This study examines trends in intergenerational class mobility in China by analyzing six comparable, nationally representative surveys between 1996 and 2012. Defying a simplistic, unidirectional ac...
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Market Transition industrialization and social mobility trends in post revolution china
American Journal of Sociology, 2019Co-Authors: Xiang Zhou, Yu XieAbstract:Stratification scholars have long speculated about the influences of political institutions and economic development on intergenerational social mobility. China provides a unique opportunity to evaluate these speculations, as it has experienced rapid industrial expansion as well as the demise of socialism since its economic reform that began in 1978. Analyzing intergenerational data from six comparable, nationally representative surveys between 1996 and 2012, we uncover two countervailing social mobility trends in post-revolution China. On the one hand, there is evidence of a decline in social fluidity following China’s Transition from state socialism to a Market economy, as the link between origin and destination in vertical social status has significantly strengthened. On the other hand, horizontal mobility between the agricultural and nonagricultural sectors has increased sharply during the country’s rapid industrialization. Despite its recent decline, social fluidity in China is still much higher than that in mature capitalist societies. Moreover, cross-national comparisons reveal that a faster pace of industrialization is associated with greater horizontal mobility between the farming and non-farming classes. Finally, mobility in China is characterized by disproportionate flows between the farming and the managerial/professional classes and between farming and self-employment—patterns that are unique products of the Chinese household registration (hukou) system.
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Market Transition theory revisited changing regimes of housing inequality in china 1988 2002
Sociological Science, 2014Co-Authors: Xi Song, Yu XieAbstract:This paper revisits the Market Transition theory of Nee (1989), using housing as an alternative to income as a measure of socioeconomic attainment. We argue that housing space is a better outcome variable by which to evaluate Nee’s Market Transition theory because it is a more consistent measure of socioeconomic success than income before and after the economic reform. Using three waves of a national household survey in 1988, 1995, and 2002, we compare temporal changes in the role of Market and redistributive determinants for income and housing space. In support of a weak form of the theory, our results show that Market determinants replaced redistributive determinants over time as the most significant predictors of housing space. In contrast, parallel analyses of income show mixed results for Market and redistributive determinants.
Xiang Zhou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Market Transition industrialization and social mobility trends in post revolution china
American Journal of Sociology, 2019Co-Authors: Xiang ZhouAbstract:This study examines trends in intergenerational class mobility in China by analyzing six comparable, nationally representative surveys between 1996 and 2012. Defying a simplistic, unidirectional account, the authors report two countervailing trends in social mobility in postrevolution China. On the one hand, the authors find a decline in social fluidity following China’s Transition from state socialism to a Market economy, as the link between origin and destination in vertical social status has significantly strengthened. On the other hand, horizontal mobility between the agricultural and nonagricultural sectors has increased substantially during recent decades. To put these trends in a global context, the authors compare China’s experience with those in 11 advanced industrial countries. The authors find that despite its recent decline, social fluidity in China is still high by international standards. Yet, the direction of vertical social mobility trends in China stands in contrast with that in mature ca...
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Market Transition industrialization and social mobility trends in postrevolution china1
American Journal of Sociology, 2019Co-Authors: Xiang Zhou, Yu XieAbstract:This study examines trends in intergenerational class mobility in China by analyzing six comparable, nationally representative surveys between 1996 and 2012. Defying a simplistic, unidirectional ac...
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Market Transition industrialization and social mobility trends in post revolution china
American Journal of Sociology, 2019Co-Authors: Xiang Zhou, Yu XieAbstract:Stratification scholars have long speculated about the influences of political institutions and economic development on intergenerational social mobility. China provides a unique opportunity to evaluate these speculations, as it has experienced rapid industrial expansion as well as the demise of socialism since its economic reform that began in 1978. Analyzing intergenerational data from six comparable, nationally representative surveys between 1996 and 2012, we uncover two countervailing social mobility trends in post-revolution China. On the one hand, there is evidence of a decline in social fluidity following China’s Transition from state socialism to a Market economy, as the link between origin and destination in vertical social status has significantly strengthened. On the other hand, horizontal mobility between the agricultural and nonagricultural sectors has increased sharply during the country’s rapid industrialization. Despite its recent decline, social fluidity in China is still much higher than that in mature capitalist societies. Moreover, cross-national comparisons reveal that a faster pace of industrialization is associated with greater horizontal mobility between the farming and non-farming classes. Finally, mobility in China is characterized by disproportionate flows between the farming and the managerial/professional classes and between farming and self-employment—patterns that are unique products of the Chinese household registration (hukou) system.
Brian Rubineau - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Market Transition and network based job matching in china the referrer perspective
Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 2020Co-Authors: Elena Obukhova, Brian RubineauAbstract:To better understand how network-based job matching responds to Market development, the authors investigate network matching in China. They examine this question from the perspective of referrers, ...
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Market Transition and network based job matching in china the referrer perspective
Social Science Research Network, 2019Co-Authors: Elena Obukhova, Brian RubineauAbstract:Current research on network-based job matching in Transition economies makes conflicting predictions: some scholarship suggests that as formal Market intermediaries develop, network matching declines, while another – that it increases because employers’ use of network hiring becomes more common. To reconcile these contradictory predictions, we change perspectives relative to most labor Market network scholarship and examine referrer behavior. Referrers are those who share information about job opportunities with potential job candidates. We propose that the Market Transition increases demand-side network matching, or network matching where referrers act on behalf of their employer, but decreases supply-side network matching, or matching where referrers act on behalf of their job-seeking contacts. Using a large-scale population survey, we show that in China, referring increases when employers seek or encourage network hiring. Net of these employer effects, greater provincial Market development is associated with lower referring.
Yingyi Qian - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the process of china s Market Transition 1978 1998 the evolutionary historical and comparative perspectives
Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics-zeitschrift Fur Die Gesamte Staatswissenschaft, 2000Co-Authors: Yingyi QianAbstract:China's Transition to the Market followed a different path from those countries in eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. This paper tells the story of this Transition process. In the first stage (1979-1993), the system was reformed incrementally to improve incentives and increase the scope of the Market. In the second stage (from 1994), new institutions supporting the Market are being built before old institutions have been destroyed. The paper traces the roots to the Chinese planning system since 1958, which differed significantly from the Soviet model. The successful Chinese path of Transition challenges the conventional wisdom but fits Popper's notion of "piecemeal social engineering."
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the institutional foundations of china s Market Transition
Social Science Research Network, 1999Co-Authors: Yingyi QianAbstract:This paper intends to properly account for China's two decades of Market Transition by examining its institutional foundations. The journey of Transition is analyzed as a two-stage process. In the first stage (1978-93), the system was reformed to unleash the standard forces of incentives, hard budget constraints, and competition, but the underlying institutional forms and mechanisms are far from conventional: reforming government through regional decentralization; entry and expansion of nonstate (mostly local government) enterprises; financial stability through "financial dualism;" and a dual-track approach to Market liberalization. In the second stage, China aimed to build a rule-based Market system incorporating international best practice institutions but proceeded in its own way. Major progress was made in the first five years (1994-98) on the unification of exchange rates and convertability of the current account; the overhaul of the tax and fiscal systems; reorganization of the central bank; downsizing of the government bureaucracy; and privatization and restructuring of state-owned enterprises. To complete its Transition to Markets, China still faces serious challenges, especially in transforming its financial system and state-owned enterprises and in establishing the rule of law. The paper concludes by reflecting on the economics of reform and institutional change from the Chinese experience. The main lesson learned is that considerable growth is possible with sensible but not perfect institutions, and that some unconventional "Transitional institutions" can be more effective than the best practice institutions for a period of time because of the second-best principle. Specific lessons include: incentives, hard budget constraints, and competition should apply not only to firms but also to governments; reforms can be implemented without creating many or big losers; and successful reforms require appropriate, but not necessarily optimal, sequencing.
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the process of china s Market Transition 1978 1998 the evolutionary historical and comparative perspectives
Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics-zeitschrift Fur Die Gesamte Staatswissenschaft, 1999Co-Authors: Yingyi QianAbstract:April 1999 In the past two decades, China's Transition from a planned to a Market system followed a different path from those countries in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. So far the Chinese path has been a remarkable success. This paper provides detailed accounts of this process, which evolved in two stages. In the first stage (1979-93), the centrally planned system was reformed incrementally to improve incentives and increase the scope of the Market in resource allocation. In the second stage (since 1994), new institutions supporting a Market system are being built, but before old institutions are destroyed. To gain a deeper understanding of this Transition path, the paper traces the roots to the evolution of the Chinese central planning system from 1958 to 1978, which differed significantly from the textbook model of the Soviet system. The Chinese path of Transition challenges the conventional wisdom of Transition but apparently fits well Popper's notion of "piecemeal social engineering."
Elena Obukhova - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Market Transition and network based job matching in china the referrer perspective
Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 2020Co-Authors: Elena Obukhova, Brian RubineauAbstract:To better understand how network-based job matching responds to Market development, the authors investigate network matching in China. They examine this question from the perspective of referrers, ...
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Market Transition and network based job matching in china the referrer perspective
Social Science Research Network, 2019Co-Authors: Elena Obukhova, Brian RubineauAbstract:Current research on network-based job matching in Transition economies makes conflicting predictions: some scholarship suggests that as formal Market intermediaries develop, network matching declines, while another – that it increases because employers’ use of network hiring becomes more common. To reconcile these contradictory predictions, we change perspectives relative to most labor Market network scholarship and examine referrer behavior. Referrers are those who share information about job opportunities with potential job candidates. We propose that the Market Transition increases demand-side network matching, or network matching where referrers act on behalf of their employer, but decreases supply-side network matching, or matching where referrers act on behalf of their job-seeking contacts. Using a large-scale population survey, we show that in China, referring increases when employers seek or encourage network hiring. Net of these employer effects, greater provincial Market development is associated with lower referring.