The Experts below are selected from a list of 40953 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Fiona Gillison - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Juicy June: a Mass-Participation snack-swap challenge—results from a mixed methods feasibility study
Pilot and Feasibility Studies, 2018Co-Authors: Dorota Juszczyk, Fiona GillisonAbstract:Improving diet as a means of reducing the development of disease states and obesity is a public health priority. Although a growing number of countries have adopted policies to improve dietary patterns at the population level, as yet there are no established means of successfully bringing about change, suggesting that new approaches are needed. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and proof of concept of a theoretically informed healthy eating intervention based on the model of successful month-long alcohol reduction or stop smoking campaigns (i.e. a Mass-Participation ‘challenge’ format). The study was a mixed methods feasibility trial and proof of concept of an online intervention. Adults were recruited to take part in a month-long ‘Juicy June’ challenge in which they nominated one unhealthy daily snack and committed to replace this with fruit or vegetables. Behaviour change techniques to promote motivation, increase self-efficacy, promote social support, self-regulation and habit formation were integrated into materials provided off- and online to support dietary change. A Facebook group was used to provide information, encouragement and foster social support. Diet quality was assessed before and after the intervention. Reasons for taking part, adherence to the snack swap, use of the intervention materials and experience of taking part were explored using quantitative and qualitative measures. Ninety-one adults of whom 42% were either overweight or obese took part. Over the 4-week intervention period, participants consumed their intended fruit/vegetable snack on average 5 days/week; however, they still consumed their target unhealthy snack on average 2 days/week. Adherence to the snack swap was stable over the 4-week intervention period. The use of specific behaviour change tools (e.g. self-monitoring) was low. Sixty-seven percent of participants accessed the online Facebook forum, but there were no user-generated posts or content. The study demonstrated that the concept of a novel snack swap Mass Participation campaign is acceptable and feasible. Further piloting to explore how to promote greater engagement with men and ethnic minority groups and how to promote social support and maximise engagement with behaviour change techniques would be valuable.
-
Juicy June: a Mass-Participation snack-swap challenge-results from a mixed methods feasibility study.
Pilot and feasibility studies, 2018Co-Authors: Dorota Juszczyk, Fiona GillisonAbstract:Improving diet as a means of reducing the development of disease states and obesity is a public health priority. Although a growing number of countries have adopted policies to improve dietary patterns at the population level, as yet there are no established means of successfully bringing about change, suggesting that new approaches are needed. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and proof of concept of a theoretically informed healthy eating intervention based on the model of successful month-long alcohol reduction or stop smoking campaigns (i.e. a Mass-Participation ‘challenge’ format). The study was a mixed methods feasibility trial and proof of concept of an online intervention. Adults were recruited to take part in a month-long ‘Juicy June’ challenge in which they nominated one unhealthy daily snack and committed to replace this with fruit or vegetables. Behaviour change techniques to promote motivation, increase self-efficacy, promote social support, self-regulation and habit formation were integrated into materials provided off- and online to support dietary change. A Facebook group was used to provide information, encouragement and foster social support. Diet quality was assessed before and after the intervention. Reasons for taking part, adherence to the snack swap, use of the intervention materials and experience of taking part were explored using quantitative and qualitative measures. Ninety-one adults of whom 42% were either overweight or obese took part. Over the 4-week intervention period, participants consumed their intended fruit/vegetable snack on average 5 days/week; however, they still consumed their target unhealthy snack on average 2 days/week. Adherence to the snack swap was stable over the 4-week intervention period. The use of specific behaviour change tools (e.g. self-monitoring) was low. Sixty-seven percent of participants accessed the online Facebook forum, but there were no user-generated posts or content. The study demonstrated that the concept of a novel snack swap Mass Participation campaign is acceptable and feasible. Further piloting to explore how to promote greater engagement with men and ethnic minority groups and how to promote social support and maximise engagement with behaviour change techniques would be valuable.
Peter Smolianov - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Comparing the practices of US hockey against a global model for integrated development of Mass and high-performance sport
Sport in Society, 2019Co-Authors: Peter Smolianov, Connor Marc-aurele, Jaclyn Norberg, Steven Dion, Christopher Schoen, Jake JensenAbstract:This study examines the current state of hockey in the USA against an ideal-type model for developing high performance sport integrated with Mass Participation. A questionnaire was developed for th...
-
Sport Development in the United States: High Performance and Mass Participation
2014Co-Authors: Peter Smolianov, Dwight Zakus, Joseph A. GalloAbstract:1. Introduction: phenomenon of elite and Mass sport 2. Ideal-type model for an integrated elite and Mass sport system 3. From one Cold War to another: recent U.S. sport development 4. U.S. elite and Mass tennis, rugby, and soccer: the state of the art and opportunities for development 5. Reality and possible advancements for U.S. sport: improving health and performance
-
Comparing the practices of USA tennis against a global model for integrated development of Mass Participation and high performance sport
Managing Leisure, 2014Co-Authors: Peter Smolianov, Joseph A. Gallo, Adam H. NaylorAbstract:This study analyzes the current state of tennis in the USA against a model for developing elite sport in integration with Mass Participation. A questionnaire was constructed to examine the following elements of the model: talent identification and development; advanced athlete support; training centers; competition systems; educational, scientific/medical, philosophical, and promotional support; partnerships with supporting agencies; and balanced and integrated funding and structures of Mass and elite sport. The 54 statements reflecting desired practices were validated by 12 international experts and rated online by 107 US tennis coaches. Semi-structured discussions with eight administrators were also conducted. Suggested advancements for US tennis included collaboration of overlapping national governing organizations to advance and standardize personnel education, medicine, science, competitions, and facilities. Highly qualified coaches at all Participation levels are recommended, to use evidence-based m...
Courtney Kipps - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
INJURIES AND ILLNESS DURING Mass-Participation TRIATHLON RACES: OPTIMISING COMPETITOR SAFETY
British Journal of Sports Medicine, 2017Co-Authors: Courtney Kipps, Ralph Smith, Nick Knight, James ParkinAbstract:Background Triathlon is an increasingly popular Mass-Participation endurance sport which incorporates swimming, cycling and running stages over a variety of distances. Overuse injuries during triathlon training are common (Zwingenberger et al . 2014; Korkia et al . 1994) however the incidence of illness and injury during triathlon races is less well described. A clear understanding of this data is valuable in planning medical care for Mass-Participation triathlon races. Objective To describe the epidemiology of illness and injuries during triathlon races in the UK. Design Retrospective analysis of competitors9 medical records (CMRs). Setting Two large summer triathlons over 5 years. Participants All triathlon competitors requiring treatment by the triathlon medical team (TMT) for illness or injury (excluding first aid). Assessment of Risk Factors Age, gender, race distance, race experience, mechanism of injury, co-morbidities, and medical management was recorded. Main Outcome Measurements Number of cases of medical illness, musculoskeletal (MSK) injury, and topical injury (e.g. abrasions) treated by the TMT. Results There were 68557 starters and 67270 finishers across Supersprint, Sprint, Olympic and OlympicPlus distances (2.3% did not finish) from 11 consecutive events. The TMT treated 429 competitors (0.62%, 1/161 starters) for complaints including falls, fractures, breathlessness and collapse. Medical illness was the most common complaint (44.1%), followed by MSK injury (27.1%) and topical injury (24.8%). There were three cardiorespiratory arrests during the swim leg including two successful resuscitations (1/34279 starters) and one fatality (1/68557). The run leg was responsible for most MSK injuries (41.4% of all injuries) and nearly a third (11/38) of all hospital transfers. Conclusions Triathlons have a high incidence of both illness and injury. The swim leg had the most serious medical conditions whilst the run accounted for most injuries. Triathlon organisers should be aware of these findings to ensure optimal medical care and competitor safety at Mass-Participation triathlon races.
-
THE INCIDENCE OF SWIMMING-INDUCED PULMONARY OEDEMA DURING Mass-Participation TRIATHLON RACES: OPTIMISING ATHLETE SAFETY
British Journal of Sports Medicine, 2017Co-Authors: Ralph Smith, Nick Knight, James Parkin, Courtney KippsAbstract:Background Swimming Induced Pulmonary Edema (SIPE) is life-threatening condition that can affect healthy triathletes. There have been several reported cases amongst triathletes, however the current estimation of incidence is derived from a survey of triathletes with self-reported symptoms suggestive of SIPE. Objective To investigate the incidence of SIPE and associated risk factors in Mass Participation Triathlon Competitions (TC). Design A retrospective analysis of Competitors9 Medical Records (CMR). Setting 11 consecutive UK-based TCs between 2011 and 2016. The competitions involved elite and non-elite competitors who raced Super Sprint, Sprint, Olympic and Olympic Plus distances. Participants CMR of patients presenting to Triathlon Medical Team (TMT) with medical complaints/injuries were analysed. Those diagnosed with SIPE were included. Diagnostic criteria included absence of water aspiration, acute onset of dyspnoea, cough and/or expectoration of frothy sputum, with evidence of pulmonary oedema on physical examination. Assessment of Risk Factors Patients9 Age, gender, race distance, co-morbidities and medical management were recorded. Main Outcome Measurements The incidence of SIPE in TCs. Results 68557 competitors started the TCs and 429 competitors presented to the TMT. Five case of SIPE were recorded, giving rise to an incidence of 0.73/10,000 competitors and 1.2% of all presentations to the TMT. Mean age was 42 (21–58) and a third were female. All were non-elite athletes competing in a variety of race distances; one patient had pre-existing cardiac comorbidities; and in 3 cases participants were competing in their first triathlon. All required supplementary oxygen and transfer to hospital for definitive management. Conclusion This report is the first to describe the incidence of SIPE in Mass Participation triathlon competitions. Event organisers and TMTs should be prepared for competitors developing SIPE which appears not to be bound by age, gender, race distance or co-morbidities. Further research is required to identity those who are at risk of SIPE.
-
THE INCIDENCE OF EXERTIONAL HEAT STROKE DURING Mass-Participation TRIATHLON RACES: OPTIMISING ATHLETE SAFETY
British Journal of Sports Medicine, 2017Co-Authors: Nick Knight, Ralph Smith, James Parkin, Courtney KippsAbstract:Background Exertional heat stroke (EHS) is a potentially life-threatening condition to the endurance athlete. Early recognition and rapid on-site treatment with aggressive cooling measures significantly reduces mortality, improves outcome and avoids hospital transfers. Objective Determine the incidence of EHS in triathlon competition. Design A retrospective analysis of competitor medical records. Setting Data was collected across two UK-based triathlons over six years (11 consecutive triathlons). Patients (or Participants) All casualties diagnosed with EHS by the Triathlon Medical team (TMT). Diagnostic criteria of EHS included a core temperature >40°C and evidence of an altered mental state indicating neurological dysfunction. Interventions (or Assessment of Risk Factors) Age, gender, race distance, co-morbidities and medical management required were recorded. Main Outcome Measurements Incidence of EHS amongst triathlon competitors. Results Of 68557 starting competitors, 429 casualties presented to the TMT. Twelve (2.8%) were diagnosed with EHS, giving an incidence of 1.74/10000 starters. Eight EHS casualties (67%) collapsed during the run phase, with three collapsing after the finish line. One EHS casualty presented during the swim phase in cardiac arrest. This patient was successfully resuscitated with CPR before ice-bath cooling for EHS. Four (36%) EHS casualties were discharged directly from the TMT and the remaining transferred to hospital. Conclusions EHS is a significant risk in Mass-Participation triathlon events. EHS can be successfully managed on-site with aggressive cooling measures which may reduce hospital transfers. The majority of EHS cases occur during or after the run phase and therefore we recommend event organisers focus both medical resources and prevention strategies at this phase.
Miranda Thurston - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Do "Girls Just Wanna Have Fun?" Participation Trends and Motivational Profiles of Women in the Birkebeiner Races, Norway's Ultimate Mass Participation Ski Event.
Frontiers in psychology, 2019Co-Authors: Giovanna Calogiuri, Patrick Foss Johansen, Alessio Rossi, Miranda ThurstonAbstract:Mass Participation sporting events (MPSEs) are viewed as encouraging regular exercise in the population, but concerns have been expressed about the extent to which they are inclusive for women. This study focuses on an iconic cross-country skiing MPSE in Norway, the Birkebeiner race (BR), which includes different variants (main, Friday, half-distance, and women-only races). In order to shed light on women's Participation in this specific MPSE, as well as add to the understanding of women's MPSEs Participation in general, this study was set up to: (i) analyze trends in women's Participation, (ii) examine the characteristics, and (iii) identify key factors characterizing the motivational profile of women in different BR races, with emphasis on the full-distance vs. the women-only races. Entries in the different races throughout the period 1996-2018 were analyzed using an autoregressive model. Information on women's sociodemographic characteristics, sport and exercise Participation, and a range of psychological variables (motives, perceptions, overall satisfaction, and future Participation intention) were extracted from a market survey and analyzed using a machine learning (ML) approach (n = 1,149). Additionally, qualitative information generated through open-ended questions was analyzed thematically (n = 116). The relative prevalence of women in the main BR was generally low (< 20%). While the other variants contributed to boosting women's Participation in the overall event, a future increment of women in the main BR was predicted, with women's ratings possibly matching the men's by the year 2034. Across all races, most of the women were physically active, of medium-high income, and living in the most urbanized region of Norway. Satisfaction and future Participation intention were relatively high, especially among the participants in the women-only races. "Exercise goal" was the predominant Participation motive. The participants in women-only races assigned greater importance to social aspects, and perceived the race as a tradition, whereas those in the full-distance races were younger and gave more importance to performance aspects. These findings corroborate known trends and challenges in MPSE Participation, but also contribute to greater understanding in this under-researched field. Further research is needed in order to gain more knowledge on how to foster women's Participation in MPSEs.
James Parkin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
INJURIES AND ILLNESS DURING Mass-Participation TRIATHLON RACES: OPTIMISING COMPETITOR SAFETY
British Journal of Sports Medicine, 2017Co-Authors: Courtney Kipps, Ralph Smith, Nick Knight, James ParkinAbstract:Background Triathlon is an increasingly popular Mass-Participation endurance sport which incorporates swimming, cycling and running stages over a variety of distances. Overuse injuries during triathlon training are common (Zwingenberger et al . 2014; Korkia et al . 1994) however the incidence of illness and injury during triathlon races is less well described. A clear understanding of this data is valuable in planning medical care for Mass-Participation triathlon races. Objective To describe the epidemiology of illness and injuries during triathlon races in the UK. Design Retrospective analysis of competitors9 medical records (CMRs). Setting Two large summer triathlons over 5 years. Participants All triathlon competitors requiring treatment by the triathlon medical team (TMT) for illness or injury (excluding first aid). Assessment of Risk Factors Age, gender, race distance, race experience, mechanism of injury, co-morbidities, and medical management was recorded. Main Outcome Measurements Number of cases of medical illness, musculoskeletal (MSK) injury, and topical injury (e.g. abrasions) treated by the TMT. Results There were 68557 starters and 67270 finishers across Supersprint, Sprint, Olympic and OlympicPlus distances (2.3% did not finish) from 11 consecutive events. The TMT treated 429 competitors (0.62%, 1/161 starters) for complaints including falls, fractures, breathlessness and collapse. Medical illness was the most common complaint (44.1%), followed by MSK injury (27.1%) and topical injury (24.8%). There were three cardiorespiratory arrests during the swim leg including two successful resuscitations (1/34279 starters) and one fatality (1/68557). The run leg was responsible for most MSK injuries (41.4% of all injuries) and nearly a third (11/38) of all hospital transfers. Conclusions Triathlons have a high incidence of both illness and injury. The swim leg had the most serious medical conditions whilst the run accounted for most injuries. Triathlon organisers should be aware of these findings to ensure optimal medical care and competitor safety at Mass-Participation triathlon races.
-
THE INCIDENCE OF SWIMMING-INDUCED PULMONARY OEDEMA DURING Mass-Participation TRIATHLON RACES: OPTIMISING ATHLETE SAFETY
British Journal of Sports Medicine, 2017Co-Authors: Ralph Smith, Nick Knight, James Parkin, Courtney KippsAbstract:Background Swimming Induced Pulmonary Edema (SIPE) is life-threatening condition that can affect healthy triathletes. There have been several reported cases amongst triathletes, however the current estimation of incidence is derived from a survey of triathletes with self-reported symptoms suggestive of SIPE. Objective To investigate the incidence of SIPE and associated risk factors in Mass Participation Triathlon Competitions (TC). Design A retrospective analysis of Competitors9 Medical Records (CMR). Setting 11 consecutive UK-based TCs between 2011 and 2016. The competitions involved elite and non-elite competitors who raced Super Sprint, Sprint, Olympic and Olympic Plus distances. Participants CMR of patients presenting to Triathlon Medical Team (TMT) with medical complaints/injuries were analysed. Those diagnosed with SIPE were included. Diagnostic criteria included absence of water aspiration, acute onset of dyspnoea, cough and/or expectoration of frothy sputum, with evidence of pulmonary oedema on physical examination. Assessment of Risk Factors Patients9 Age, gender, race distance, co-morbidities and medical management were recorded. Main Outcome Measurements The incidence of SIPE in TCs. Results 68557 competitors started the TCs and 429 competitors presented to the TMT. Five case of SIPE were recorded, giving rise to an incidence of 0.73/10,000 competitors and 1.2% of all presentations to the TMT. Mean age was 42 (21–58) and a third were female. All were non-elite athletes competing in a variety of race distances; one patient had pre-existing cardiac comorbidities; and in 3 cases participants were competing in their first triathlon. All required supplementary oxygen and transfer to hospital for definitive management. Conclusion This report is the first to describe the incidence of SIPE in Mass Participation triathlon competitions. Event organisers and TMTs should be prepared for competitors developing SIPE which appears not to be bound by age, gender, race distance or co-morbidities. Further research is required to identity those who are at risk of SIPE.
-
THE INCIDENCE OF EXERTIONAL HEAT STROKE DURING Mass-Participation TRIATHLON RACES: OPTIMISING ATHLETE SAFETY
British Journal of Sports Medicine, 2017Co-Authors: Nick Knight, Ralph Smith, James Parkin, Courtney KippsAbstract:Background Exertional heat stroke (EHS) is a potentially life-threatening condition to the endurance athlete. Early recognition and rapid on-site treatment with aggressive cooling measures significantly reduces mortality, improves outcome and avoids hospital transfers. Objective Determine the incidence of EHS in triathlon competition. Design A retrospective analysis of competitor medical records. Setting Data was collected across two UK-based triathlons over six years (11 consecutive triathlons). Patients (or Participants) All casualties diagnosed with EHS by the Triathlon Medical team (TMT). Diagnostic criteria of EHS included a core temperature >40°C and evidence of an altered mental state indicating neurological dysfunction. Interventions (or Assessment of Risk Factors) Age, gender, race distance, co-morbidities and medical management required were recorded. Main Outcome Measurements Incidence of EHS amongst triathlon competitors. Results Of 68557 starting competitors, 429 casualties presented to the TMT. Twelve (2.8%) were diagnosed with EHS, giving an incidence of 1.74/10000 starters. Eight EHS casualties (67%) collapsed during the run phase, with three collapsing after the finish line. One EHS casualty presented during the swim phase in cardiac arrest. This patient was successfully resuscitated with CPR before ice-bath cooling for EHS. Four (36%) EHS casualties were discharged directly from the TMT and the remaining transferred to hospital. Conclusions EHS is a significant risk in Mass-Participation triathlon events. EHS can be successfully managed on-site with aggressive cooling measures which may reduce hospital transfers. The majority of EHS cases occur during or after the run phase and therefore we recommend event organisers focus both medical resources and prevention strategies at this phase.
