The Experts below are selected from a list of 224565 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Pelin Gunc Ergonul - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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optimisation of wall Material composition of freeze dried pumpkin seed oil microcapsules interaction effects of whey protein maltodextrin and gum arabic by d optimal mixture design approach
Food Hydrocolloids, 2020Co-Authors: Zeynep Aksoylu Ozbek, Pelin Gunc ErgonulAbstract:Abstract D–optimal mixture design approach was used for optimisation of wall Material composition including whey protein concentrate (WPC), maltodextrin, and gum arabic to effectively encapsulate cold–pressed pumpkin seed oil (CPPSO) by freeze–drying. Interaction and/or synergistic effects of these wall Materials on the rheological and physical properties of oil–in–water emulsions and some physicochemical characteristics of microcapsules were examined. Rather than individual effects of each wall Material Component, effects of their interactions were dominant on the quality attributes of emulsions and microcapsules. Microencapsulation by freeze–drying decreased α–, γ– and total tocopherols and total phenolic contents (TPC) of CPPSO. Two wall Material compositions (12.28% WPC + 5% maltodextrin +2.70% gum arabic or 10% WPC + 5% maltodextrin +5% gum arabic) with increased emulsion stability, encapsulation efficiency, solubility, total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) content and decreased wettability time and total saturated fatty acids (SFA) content were predicted by optimisation tool.
Guangming Zeng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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is vermicompost the possible in situ sorbent immobilization of pb cd and cr in sediment with sludge derived vermicompost a column study
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2019Co-Authors: Yaxin Zhang, Ye Tian, Jinshi Fan, Maocai Shen, Guangming ZengAbstract:Abstract The goal of this study was to investigate the immobilization effect of vermicomposted sewage sludge for Pb, Cd and Cr in the sediment under simulated in situ conditions using column test. Positioning 10% dw of vermicompost at the bottom layer of the column resulted in an average decrease of Pb, Cd and Cr in the leachate of 93, 97 and 75.5%, with the accumulated adsorbed amount of 11.80, 4.81 and 5.62 mg g−1, respectively. Fluorescence Excitation‒Emission Matrix (EEM) combined with parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) was adopted to identify the Components in DOM (dissolved organic matter) that were efficient for the immobilization of heavy metals. The 4‒Component PARAFAC model established showed that DOM was dominated by a protein‒like Material (Component C1), and three humic‒like Materials (Component C2, C3 and C4). The humic substances formed the organo‒metal complexes with Pb, Cr and Cd, hence, the metal ions were sequestered by the sorbent. Also, as calculated by the bivariate coefficients, the C2/C1 ratios can be liable parameters for assessing the retaining capability of vermicompost for heavy metals. Generally, vermicompost can be used as a promising in situ sorbent for the remediation of heavy metal polluted sediments.
Zeynep Aksoylu Ozbek - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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optimisation of wall Material composition of freeze dried pumpkin seed oil microcapsules interaction effects of whey protein maltodextrin and gum arabic by d optimal mixture design approach
Food Hydrocolloids, 2020Co-Authors: Zeynep Aksoylu Ozbek, Pelin Gunc ErgonulAbstract:Abstract D–optimal mixture design approach was used for optimisation of wall Material composition including whey protein concentrate (WPC), maltodextrin, and gum arabic to effectively encapsulate cold–pressed pumpkin seed oil (CPPSO) by freeze–drying. Interaction and/or synergistic effects of these wall Materials on the rheological and physical properties of oil–in–water emulsions and some physicochemical characteristics of microcapsules were examined. Rather than individual effects of each wall Material Component, effects of their interactions were dominant on the quality attributes of emulsions and microcapsules. Microencapsulation by freeze–drying decreased α–, γ– and total tocopherols and total phenolic contents (TPC) of CPPSO. Two wall Material compositions (12.28% WPC + 5% maltodextrin +2.70% gum arabic or 10% WPC + 5% maltodextrin +5% gum arabic) with increased emulsion stability, encapsulation efficiency, solubility, total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) content and decreased wettability time and total saturated fatty acids (SFA) content were predicted by optimisation tool.
Yaxin Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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is vermicompost the possible in situ sorbent immobilization of pb cd and cr in sediment with sludge derived vermicompost a column study
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2019Co-Authors: Yaxin Zhang, Ye Tian, Jinshi Fan, Maocai Shen, Guangming ZengAbstract:Abstract The goal of this study was to investigate the immobilization effect of vermicomposted sewage sludge for Pb, Cd and Cr in the sediment under simulated in situ conditions using column test. Positioning 10% dw of vermicompost at the bottom layer of the column resulted in an average decrease of Pb, Cd and Cr in the leachate of 93, 97 and 75.5%, with the accumulated adsorbed amount of 11.80, 4.81 and 5.62 mg g−1, respectively. Fluorescence Excitation‒Emission Matrix (EEM) combined with parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) was adopted to identify the Components in DOM (dissolved organic matter) that were efficient for the immobilization of heavy metals. The 4‒Component PARAFAC model established showed that DOM was dominated by a protein‒like Material (Component C1), and three humic‒like Materials (Component C2, C3 and C4). The humic substances formed the organo‒metal complexes with Pb, Cr and Cd, hence, the metal ions were sequestered by the sorbent. Also, as calculated by the bivariate coefficients, the C2/C1 ratios can be liable parameters for assessing the retaining capability of vermicompost for heavy metals. Generally, vermicompost can be used as a promising in situ sorbent for the remediation of heavy metal polluted sediments.
Yu Qian - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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benefits of high strength reduced modulus hsrm concrete railroad ties under center binding support conditions
Construction and Building Materials, 2018Co-Authors: Adam I Zeitouni, Dimitrios C. Rizos, Yu QianAbstract:Abstract Concrete ties, also referred to as sleepers or crossties, have become a promising alternative to timber ties for freight lines in demanding territories with high curvature, high grade, and high axle loads. Concrete ties have also become popular in rail transit systems. High strength (HS) concrete is the Material of choice in the fabrication of prestressed concrete railroad ties. The higher strength of the concrete is directly related to higher values of the elastic modulus, thus increasing the rigidity of the Material. The combination of increased strength, rigidity, and the Material brittleness may lead to premature cracking and deterioration which has raised major concerns within the rail industry. With experience in frontier concrete Material research, researchers at the University of South Carolina (USC) have developed a High Strength Reduced Modulus (HSRM) concrete by introducing weathered granite aggregates into concrete mix designs. A comprehensive study has been conducted at USC to quantify the benefits of using HSRM concrete in railroad ties. Both laboratory experiments and computer simulations at the Material, Component, and structural levels were performed. HSRM can improve the cracking resistance and fatigue performance and extend the service life of the concrete ties. This paper presents the details of the computer simulations used to quantify the benefits of using the HSRM Material in ties subjected to center binding conditions. Three-dimensional nonlinear Finite Element (FE) models have been developed for the HSRM and the “Standard” concrete ties. Nonlinear Material models based on concrete damaged plasticity are implemented. The concrete-steel bond interface is also modeled. The numerical models are first validated through comparisons with laboratory testing results of prestressed concrete prisms and commercial prestressed ties, which showed excellent agreement. Results from a parametric study simulating the center binding conditions in a tangent track have shown that the HSRM concrete tie outperforms the Standard concrete tie by: (i) showing smoother stress distribution, (ii) delaying the initiation of cracks, and (iii) failing at higher ultimate loads.
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Benefits of Prestressed HSRM Concrete Ties for Center Binding Conditions
2018 Joint Rail Conference, 2018Co-Authors: Adam I Zeitouni, Dimitrios C. Rizos, Yu QianAbstract:Concrete ties have become a promising alternative to timber ties for freight lines with increased curvature, high annual traffic, and large axle loads. They are also widely adopted in passenger lines. High strength (HS) concrete is the Material of choice in the fabrication of prestressed concrete railroad ties. The higher strength of the concrete is directly related to higher values of the Elastic Modulus, thus increasing the rigidity of the Material. The combination of increased strength, rigidity, and the Material brittleness may lead to the development of high amplitude stresses with high gradients, which appears to be a common underlying cause of premature cracking and deterioration observed in some concrete ties. Realizing the current issues associated with the performance of concrete ties and recalling the findings of an almost fifteen-year-old research conducted at the University of South Carolina (USC), a hypothesis was formulated that there is a potential benefit in introducing weathered granite aggregates into mix designs for railroad concrete ties. A high strength, yet lower rigidity, concrete will reduce the amplitude of the stress field and equally important, will regularize the stress field providing for a smoother load distribution that will diffuse stress concentrations. Consequently, the High Strength Reduced Modulus (HSRM) concrete improves the cracking resistance and fatigue performance, thus extending the life of the tie. A comprehensive research program has been conducted at USC to identify the benefits of using HSRM in concrete ties. The research is based on experimental investigations and computer simulations at the Material, Component and structural member levels. This work presents the details of the computer simulation studies that pertain to center binding conditions. Three-dimensional nonlinear Finite Element (FE) models have been developed for the HSRM and the “Standard” concrete ties. Nonlinear Material models based on damaged plasticity are implemented. The concrete-steel bond interface is also modeled and discussed. Validation of these models is conducted through comparisons with laboratory testing of prestressed concrete prisms, and it has shown excellent accuracy. Subsequently, a study related to center binding conditions in a tangent track have been conducted. These studies showed that the HSRM concrete tie outperformed the Standard concrete tie in these benchmark tests by (i) showing smoother stress distribution, (ii) delaying the initiation of cracks and (iii) failing at higher ultimate loads. The analysis results are discussed and future recommendations presented.