The Experts below are selected from a list of 842112 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Xiangdong Yao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • progress in sodium borohydride as a hydrogen storage Material Development of hydrolysis catalysts and reaction systems
    International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2011
    Co-Authors: Sean S Muir, Xiangdong Yao
    Abstract:

    Abstract Over the past decade, sodium borohydride (NaBH4) has been extensively investigated as a potential hydrogen storage Material. The Development of catalyst Materials for on demand NaBH4 hydrolysis, and the design of practical reaction systems for hydrogen storage based on NaBH4 are key research areas. Progress in the former area has been promising, with many non-noble catalysts being reported with activities comparable to those of higher-cost noble metal catalysts. However, the design of practical hydrogen storage systems remains a critical issue, as identified by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) in their “No-Go” recommendation in 2007. The problems of by-product precipitation and catalyst blockage at high NaBH4 concentrations must be addressed in order to produce a hydrogen storage system capable of meeting the DOE target of 5.5 wt% H2 (2015). It is likely that a new, novel reaction system design will be required to achieve these targets, given the limitations identified in conventional systems. Moreover, a new process for regenerating spent NaBH4 will need to be developed, in order to lower its cost to a viable level for use as a transportation fuel.

Bert De Boer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • small bandgap polymers for organic solar cells polymer Material Development in the last 5 years
    Polymer Reviews, 2008
    Co-Authors: Renee Kroon, Martijn Lenes, Jan C Hummelen, Paul W M Blom, Bert De Boer
    Abstract:

    During the last decade the field of polymer photovoltaics has seen a tremendous improvement in both device efficiency and understanding of the underlying physical processes. One has come to a point in which the prototypical large bandgap Material system P3HT:PCBM is nearing optimal device performance. In order to enhance efficiencies even further, research activities for new Materials are needed with better aligned energy levels. One interesting approach is by narrowing the donor bandgap to enhance light absorption. Recent Developments on small band gap (<2.0 eV) Materials for photovoltaic applications are reviewed. First, an introduction is given regarding the processes governing the exciton dissociation, charge transport requirements, energy level engineering of both donor and acceptor Materials, and other parameters determining the photovoltaic performance. The focus is on polymeric donor Materials, which are subdivided by the type of monomeric units that constitute the backbone. Finally, the synthetic...

Vinay Dayal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • interlaminar shear strength measurement of ceramic composites by asymmetric four point bend shear test
    Materials Science and Engineering A-structural Materials Properties Microstructure and Processing, 2003
    Co-Authors: O Unal, Vinay Dayal
    Abstract:

    Asymmetric four-point bend test is used for the measurement of interlaminar shear strength of ceramic composite. It is shown by finite element analysis that the method provides a reasonably good approximation to a constant shear state in the sample. The use of very small samples makes this method very attractive, especially during the Material Development stage, when larger samples may be impractical or impossible to fabricate. This technique is also useful when bigger samples would be prohibitively expensive or impractical.

Doerte Laing - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • overview of molten salt storage systems and Material Development for solar thermal power plants
    2012
    Co-Authors: Thomas Bauer, Nils Breidenbach, Nicole Pfleger, Doerte Laing
    Abstract:

    This paper gives an overview of thermal energy storage (TES) systems based on molten salts. It summarizes stateof-the-art molten salt TES systems. Storage systems in a research stage, such as the thermocline and floating barrier concepts, are also discussed. The paper summarizes previous work on molten salt Material investigations at DLR. Experimental results of novel salt formulations with melting temperatures well below 100 °C are presented. An overview of temperature dependent thermophysical property values of Solar Salt is given. The thermal stability of nitrate/nitrite mixtures was examined by dynamic thermogravimetry and static measurements at constant temperature. We discuss in this paper the impact of the atmospheric conditions (partial oxygen pressure) and salt composition on the stability of nitrate salts. At DLR, a molten salt test loop is in the design stage. A scheme of the test loop and the options for experiments are presented.

  • overview of molten salt storage systems and Material Development for solar thermal power plants
    2012
    Co-Authors: Thomas Bauer, Nils Breidenbach, Nicole Pfleger, Doerte Laing, Markus Eck
    Abstract:

    This paper gives an overview of thermal energy storage (TES) systems based on molten salts. It summarizes stateof-the-art molten salt TES systems. Storage systems in a research stage, such as the thermocline and floating barrier concepts, are also discussed. The paper summarizes previous work on molten salt Material investigations at DLR. Experimental results of novel salt formulations with melting temperatures well below 100 °C are presented. An overview of temperature dependent thermophysical property values of Solar Salt is given. The thermal stability of nitrate/nitrite mixtures was examined by dynamic thermogravimetry and static measurements at constant temperature. We discuss in this paper the impact of the atmospheric conditions (partial oxygen pressure) and salt composition on the stability of nitrate salts. At DLR, a molten salt test loop is in the design stage. A scheme of the test loop and the options for experiments are presented.

Renee Kroon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • small bandgap polymers for organic solar cells polymer Material Development in the last 5 years
    Polymer Reviews, 2008
    Co-Authors: Renee Kroon, Martijn Lenes, Jan C Hummelen, Paul W M Blom, Bert De Boer
    Abstract:

    During the last decade the field of polymer photovoltaics has seen a tremendous improvement in both device efficiency and understanding of the underlying physical processes. One has come to a point in which the prototypical large bandgap Material system P3HT:PCBM is nearing optimal device performance. In order to enhance efficiencies even further, research activities for new Materials are needed with better aligned energy levels. One interesting approach is by narrowing the donor bandgap to enhance light absorption. Recent Developments on small band gap (<2.0 eV) Materials for photovoltaic applications are reviewed. First, an introduction is given regarding the processes governing the exciton dissociation, charge transport requirements, energy level engineering of both donor and acceptor Materials, and other parameters determining the photovoltaic performance. The focus is on polymeric donor Materials, which are subdivided by the type of monomeric units that constitute the backbone. Finally, the synthetic...