Meaning of Life

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Sichi Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Chiechien Tseng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Gwoliang Yeh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Olfa Helene Mandhouj - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Spirituality, Religion and Suicide: French Findings
    Handbook of Suicidal Behaviour, 2017
    Co-Authors: Olfa Helene Mandhouj
    Abstract:

    The association between spirituality and health is an emerging area of research, relatively little explored in Europe. Spirituality and religiousness are associated with lower rates of physical, mental and substance use disorders and with how patients cope with illness. We tried to assess spirituality in the secular French culture, where the prevalence of agnosticism and atheism are high. After the validation of the French-language version of the WHOQOL-SRPB (World Health Organization Quality of Life-Spirituality, Religiousness and Personal Beliefs) instrument, four studies were carried out in different populations: a general population, suicide attempters and a population of detainees. We found that spirituality is an important resource of coping to face to many difficulties, to give hope and optimism and a Meaning of Life. The lack of Meaning of Life was the predictor factor of suicide risk, future suicide attempt and future offences. These studies clarified the link between spirituality and mental diseases and highlighted the need to considerate spirituality in the treatment of patients in severe conditions.

Dilip V Jeste - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Meaning in Life and its relationship with physical mental and cognitive functioning a study of 1 042 community dwelling adults across the Lifespan
    The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 2019
    Co-Authors: Awais Aftab, Ellen E Lee, Federica Klaus, Rebecca Daly, Steven Huege, Dilip V Jeste
    Abstract:

    OBJECTIVE To examine the relationship of presence and search for Meaning in Life with age, physical and mental well-being, and cognitive functioning across the adult Lifespan. METHODS Cross-sectional data from 1,042 adults in the Successful AGing Evaluation (SAGE)-a multicohort study of adult community-dwelling residents of San Diego County, California-were analyzed. Presence of Meaning ("Presence") and search for Meaning in Life ("Search") were assessed with the Meaning in Life Questionnaire. Physical and mental well-being were measured using the Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36). Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status-modified was employed to screen for overall cognitive function. Study data were collected from January 2013 to June 2014. RESULTS Presence of Meaning exhibited an inverted U-shaped relationship whereas Search showed a U-shaped relationship with age (with Presence peaking and Search reaching the lowest point around age 60). Statistical modeling using generalized estimating equations revealed that physical well-being (SF-36 physical composite score) correlated negatively with age (P < .001) and positively with Presence (P < .001), and there was an age group x Presence interaction (P = .018), such that the relationship was stronger in subjects over age 60. Mental well-being correlated positively with age (P < .001) and Presence (P < .001) and negatively with Search (P = .002). Cognitive function correlated inversely with age (P < .001) and with Search (P < .001). Significant covariates of Presence and Search had small effect sizes, except for a medium effect size for satisfaction with Life and Presence in adults over age 60 (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Presence and search for Meaning in Life are important for health and well-being, though the relationships differ in adults younger and older than 60 years. Better understanding of the longitudinal relationships of Meaning of Life with well-being is warranted to design interventions to increase Meaning of Life and improve health and functioning.