The Experts below are selected from a list of 306 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
P Balsari - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effects of Mechanical Separation on GHG and ammonia emissions from cattle slurry under winter conditions
Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2011Co-Authors: E Dinuccio, W Berg, P BalsariAbstract:Abstract Effects of cattle slurry Mechanical Separation on CO 2 , CH 4 , N 2 O and NH 3 emissions during slurry management under winter conditions were investigated in a laboratory study. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions during storage and soil application of raw cattle slurry by broadcasting of its liquid and solid fractions were assessed. Carbon dioxide was the predominant emission source during storage and soil application of manure on a CO 2 -eq basis, but CH 4 was the predominant GHG emission from stored slurries. During storage, NH 3 fluxes from liquid fractions were higher than from the solid fraction, but the solid fraction was the main source of NH 3 emissions after land application and ∼70% of total ammoniacal N applied to soil was lost. Combining losses during storage and after soil application of both liquid and solid fractions, CO 2 -eq emissions of combined fractions were 11% higher than from raw cattle slurry. Results suggest that Mechanical Separation of cattle slurry should not be used by farmers unless other GHG emission reduction measures are adopted. This paper is part of the special issue entitled: Greenhouse Gases in Animal Agriculture – Finding a Balance between Food and Emissions, Guest Edited by T.A. McAllister, Section Guest Editors: K.A. Beauchemin, X. Hao, S. McGinn and Editor for Animal Feed Science and Technology, P.H. Robinson .
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gaseous emissions from the storage of untreated slurries and the fractions obtained after Mechanical Separation
Atmospheric Environment, 2008Co-Authors: E Dinuccio, W Berg, P BalsariAbstract:A laboratory-scale study was set up to investigate ammonia (NH3), nitrous oxide (N2O), carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) emissions during storage of untreated pig and cattle slurry and the fractions (solid and liquid) obtained by Mechanical Separation. The solid and liquid fractions were obtained from the same untreated slurry by means of a lab-scale Mechanical separator. The manures were stored for a period of 30 days in open vessels (1500 cm3 capacity) in two temperature-controlled rooms, which were kept at 5±0.5 and 25±0.2 °C. Gaseous emissions were determined using a dynamic chamber method and infrared photoacoustic detection (IPD). Over the storage period, gaseous emissions from pig manures were significantly (P<0.05) higher than those from cattle manures. N2O fluxes of up to 232 mg m−2 h−1 were measured, but from pig solid fraction only. Between 40.8% (from pig liquid fraction stored at 25 °C) and 3.60% (from untreated cattle slurry stored at 25 °C) of the initial nitrogen content of the manures was lost as NH3. Over the 30-day-storage period, the predominant emission of carbon was in the CO2 form. Total C-CH4 losses, expressed as a percent of the carbon initially present in the volatile solids (C-VS), ranged from 0.60% to 12.8% for pig manures and from 0.23% to 1.56% for cattle manures. The Mechanical Separation of cattle slurry increased by up to 30% the emissions of CO2 equivalents to the atmosphere, during the storage of the separated fractions, when compared with the slurries. Results indicated that NH3, N2O, CO2 and CH4 emissions were affected by the interaction between a number of variables, including storage temperature, chemical characteristics and type of manure. Results also indicated that Mechanical Separation does not reduce emissions, but has the potential to increase the emissions of CO2 equivalents to the atmosphere during the storage of the separated fractions.
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gaseous emissions from the storage of untreated slurries and the fractions obtained after Mechanical Separation
Atmospheric Environment, 2008Co-Authors: E Dinuccio, W Berg, P BalsariAbstract:Abstract A laboratory-scale study was set up to investigate ammonia (NH3), nitrous oxide (N2O), carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) emissions during storage of untreated pig and cattle slurry and the fractions (solid and liquid) obtained by Mechanical Separation. The solid and liquid fractions were obtained from the same untreated slurry by means of a lab-scale Mechanical separator. The manures were stored for a period of 30 days in open vessels (1500 cm3 capacity) in two temperature-controlled rooms, which were kept at 5±0.5 and 25±0.2 °C. Gaseous emissions were determined using a dynamic chamber method and infrared photoacoustic detection (IPD). Over the storage period, gaseous emissions from pig manures were significantly (P
Yi Feng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Recovery of valuable materials from spent lithium-ion batteries by Mechanical Separation and thermal treatment
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2018Co-Authors: Fangfang Wang, Guangwen Zhang, Yaqun He, Yuemin Zhao, Tao Zhang, Shuai Wang, Yu Zhang, Yi FengAbstract:In this paper, a Mechanical Separation and thermal treatment process is developed to recover valuable metals and graphite from the −0.25 mm crushed products of spent lithium-ion batteries (LiBs). Effect of key parameters for roasting such as the temperature and roasting time are investigated to determine the most efficient conditions for surface modification of the mixed electrode materials by roasting. The roasted mixed electrode materials are separated by flotation operation to recover the cathode material and anode materials respectively. The results show that most of the organic outer layer coated on the surface of the mixed electrode materials can be removed at the temperature of 450 °C for 15 min. After roasting treatment, the original wettability of LiCoO2and graphite is regained. The −0.25 mm crushed products of spent LiBs can be separated into LiCoO2concentrate and graphite concentrate by flotation process efficiently. The enrichment ratios of Co, Mn, Cu and Al are 1.35, 1.29, 1.25 and 1.19, their recovery rates are 97.66%, 93.66%, 90.14% and 86.29%, respectively. This process proposed for the recovery of valuable materials is simple and of high efficient for the spent lithium-ion batteries recycling industry.
Giuliana Parisi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Mechanical Separation process for the value enhancement of Atlantic horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus), a discard fish
Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies, 2017Co-Authors: Giulia Secci, Monica Borgogno, Simone Mancini, Gisella Paci, Giuliana ParisiAbstract:Abstract Mechanically separated meat (MSM) is the product obtained by removing meat from bones by pressure application. Whole fillets and fish burgers from minced muscle and from Mechanical Separation of Atlantic horse mackerel ( Trachurus trachurus ) were evaluated immediately after processing (T 0 ) and after 90 days of storage at − 20 °C for parameters related to quality loss. Firstly, Mechanical Separation inhibited water losses (2.67% against 4.57 and 5.57% in whole fillets and burgers from minced muscle, respectively), but the colour of MSM was duller and redder than the samples from other groups. Horse mackerel contained low fat ( 0 (> 8 mg MDA-eq/100 g muscle). Nevertheless, Atlantic horse mackerel showed a high antioxidant capacity (ABTS, 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid, DPPH, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, and FRAP, ferric-reducing ability) at T 0 which may protect muscle against oxidative damages both during processing treatment and storage. Industrial relevance The Mechanical Separation process described in the article has been largely utilized for terrestrial animal products. However, it is seldom adopted by fish industry, especially for recovering discard fish species. Horse mackerel is an underutilized species, normally transformed into animal feed despite its high levels of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Therefore this study was conducted in order to determine the effect of a Mechanical Separation technique on the physicochemical properties of horse mackerel. Our study showed that, although this species is susceptible to oxidative changes, Mechanically separate meat can be a high-quality ingredient in burgers, nuggets, sticks, or even sauces which may represent a way for the valorisation of discard species.
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Technological and nutritional advantages of Mechanical Separation process applied to three European aquacultured species
LWT, 2017Co-Authors: Monica Borgogno, Giulia Secci, Yara Husein, Stefano Masi, Giuliana ParisiAbstract:Recently, Mechanical Separation (MS) process has been applied on fish sector, however, its impact on fish quality is scarcely investigated. Aim of the present study was to compare the impact of Mechanical Separation with manual mincing applied on European sea bass, gilthead sea bream, and rainbow trout by evaluating physico-chemical properties and nutritional quality. MS process yield was found higher than the manual one when applied to sea bass, and sea bream (42, and 45 g/100 g, respectively against 39, and 40 g/100 g). Rainbow trout had the highest processing yield even if the high presence of residual on the drum (5 g/100 g) lead a lower MS yield than the manual processing. MS seemed to slightly increase water content in sea bream and trout (71.12, and 70.65 g/100 g, respectively against 68.05, and 68.11 g/100 g of fillets) and decrease minerals, especially in trout, which showed loss of Ca, Mg, Na, and P. Hopefully, lipid fraction of the three species remained unaltered, indeed no significant differences were found in the fatty acid composition of the products, and consequently for the calculated atherogenicity and thrombogenicity indexes. In sum, manufacturing of products by exploiting fish without altering the nutritional value of whole fish is a goal reached adopting Mechanically Separation process.
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Effect of Mechanical Separation process on lipid oxidation in European aquacultured sea bass, gilthead sea bream, and rainbow trout products
Food Control, 2016Co-Authors: Giulia Secci, Monica Borgogno, Simone Mancini, Gisella Paci, Paola Lupi, Silvia Rossi, Antonio Bonelli, Giuliana ParisiAbstract:Abstract Mechanical Separation systems are a good option to create new fish products and open new market, however studies on the effect on quality of Mechanical treatment on species of interest for European aquaculture, such as European sea bass, gilthead sea bream, and rainbow trout are scarce. Thus in this research, the effect on colour, nutritional quality, and lipid stability was considered immediately after Separation process and after 90 days of frozen storage. Results revealed that Mechanical Separation technique significantly affected colour and lipid stability of the three studied species. Increases in L* and secondary oxidation products were observed, together with a decrease of antioxidant capacity. Nutritional value instead was unaffected by treatment. Thus, Mechanical Separation process could represent a new way to better exploit species of interest for European aquaculture and acquire new market niches, but oxidative processes during the treatment have to be limited and kept under control.
E Dinuccio - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effects of Mechanical Separation on GHG and ammonia emissions from cattle slurry under winter conditions
Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2011Co-Authors: E Dinuccio, W Berg, P BalsariAbstract:Abstract Effects of cattle slurry Mechanical Separation on CO 2 , CH 4 , N 2 O and NH 3 emissions during slurry management under winter conditions were investigated in a laboratory study. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions during storage and soil application of raw cattle slurry by broadcasting of its liquid and solid fractions were assessed. Carbon dioxide was the predominant emission source during storage and soil application of manure on a CO 2 -eq basis, but CH 4 was the predominant GHG emission from stored slurries. During storage, NH 3 fluxes from liquid fractions were higher than from the solid fraction, but the solid fraction was the main source of NH 3 emissions after land application and ∼70% of total ammoniacal N applied to soil was lost. Combining losses during storage and after soil application of both liquid and solid fractions, CO 2 -eq emissions of combined fractions were 11% higher than from raw cattle slurry. Results suggest that Mechanical Separation of cattle slurry should not be used by farmers unless other GHG emission reduction measures are adopted. This paper is part of the special issue entitled: Greenhouse Gases in Animal Agriculture – Finding a Balance between Food and Emissions, Guest Edited by T.A. McAllister, Section Guest Editors: K.A. Beauchemin, X. Hao, S. McGinn and Editor for Animal Feed Science and Technology, P.H. Robinson .
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gaseous emissions from the storage of untreated slurries and the fractions obtained after Mechanical Separation
Atmospheric Environment, 2008Co-Authors: E Dinuccio, W Berg, P BalsariAbstract:A laboratory-scale study was set up to investigate ammonia (NH3), nitrous oxide (N2O), carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) emissions during storage of untreated pig and cattle slurry and the fractions (solid and liquid) obtained by Mechanical Separation. The solid and liquid fractions were obtained from the same untreated slurry by means of a lab-scale Mechanical separator. The manures were stored for a period of 30 days in open vessels (1500 cm3 capacity) in two temperature-controlled rooms, which were kept at 5±0.5 and 25±0.2 °C. Gaseous emissions were determined using a dynamic chamber method and infrared photoacoustic detection (IPD). Over the storage period, gaseous emissions from pig manures were significantly (P<0.05) higher than those from cattle manures. N2O fluxes of up to 232 mg m−2 h−1 were measured, but from pig solid fraction only. Between 40.8% (from pig liquid fraction stored at 25 °C) and 3.60% (from untreated cattle slurry stored at 25 °C) of the initial nitrogen content of the manures was lost as NH3. Over the 30-day-storage period, the predominant emission of carbon was in the CO2 form. Total C-CH4 losses, expressed as a percent of the carbon initially present in the volatile solids (C-VS), ranged from 0.60% to 12.8% for pig manures and from 0.23% to 1.56% for cattle manures. The Mechanical Separation of cattle slurry increased by up to 30% the emissions of CO2 equivalents to the atmosphere, during the storage of the separated fractions, when compared with the slurries. Results indicated that NH3, N2O, CO2 and CH4 emissions were affected by the interaction between a number of variables, including storage temperature, chemical characteristics and type of manure. Results also indicated that Mechanical Separation does not reduce emissions, but has the potential to increase the emissions of CO2 equivalents to the atmosphere during the storage of the separated fractions.
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gaseous emissions from the storage of untreated slurries and the fractions obtained after Mechanical Separation
Atmospheric Environment, 2008Co-Authors: E Dinuccio, W Berg, P BalsariAbstract:Abstract A laboratory-scale study was set up to investigate ammonia (NH3), nitrous oxide (N2O), carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) emissions during storage of untreated pig and cattle slurry and the fractions (solid and liquid) obtained by Mechanical Separation. The solid and liquid fractions were obtained from the same untreated slurry by means of a lab-scale Mechanical separator. The manures were stored for a period of 30 days in open vessels (1500 cm3 capacity) in two temperature-controlled rooms, which were kept at 5±0.5 and 25±0.2 °C. Gaseous emissions were determined using a dynamic chamber method and infrared photoacoustic detection (IPD). Over the storage period, gaseous emissions from pig manures were significantly (P
Zhengming Xu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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recycling metals from lithium ion battery by Mechanical Separation and vacuum metallurgy
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2017Co-Authors: Jiefeng Xiao, Jia Li, Zhengming XuAbstract:Abstract The large-batch application of lithium ion batteries leads to the mass production of spent batteries. So the enhancement of disposal ability of spent lithium ion batteries is becoming very urgent. This study proposes an integrated process to handle bulk spent lithium manganese (LiMn 2 O 4 ) batteries to in situ recycle high value-added products without any additives. By Mechanical Separation, the mixed electrode materials mainly including binder, graphite and LiMn 2 O 4 are firstly obtained from spent batteries. Then, the reaction characteristics for the oxygen-free roasting of mixed electrode materials are analyzed. And the results show that mixed electrode materials can be in situ converted into manganese oxide (MnO) and lithium carbonate (Li 2 CO 3 ) at 1073 K for 45 min. In this process, the binder is evaporated and decomposed into gaseous products which can be collected to avoid disposal cost. Finally, 91.30% of Li resource as Li 2 CO 3 is leached from roasted powders by water and then high value-added Li 2 CO 3 crystals are further gained by evaporating the filter liquid. The filter residues are burned in air to remove the graphite and the final residues as manganous-manganic oxide (Mn 3 O 4 ) is obtained.