The Experts below are selected from a list of 180 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Marlito Bande - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
RAINFORESTATION IMPLEMENTATION AND DURKHEIM’S NOTION OF Mechanical Solidarity: FROM THE EXPERIENCES OF THE PIONEERING ADOPTERS OF THE CIENDA SAN VICENTE FARMERS ASSOCIATION IN BAYBAY CITY, LEYTE
2018Co-Authors: Guiraldo Fernandez, Marlito BandeAbstract:Rainforestation is a technology designed to make use of unproductive lands by planting native tree species which are not widely used in the Philippine government’s reforestation program. In ensuring that rainforestation would be effectively implemented, the Visayas State University (VSU) with the help of the German Cooperation Agency (GIZ) has entered into a partnership with the Cienda San Vicente Farmers’ Association (CSVFA) in Baybay City, Leyte. More than twenty years after implementation, the CSVFA rainforestation farm is presently standing in Barangay Gabas, Baybay City, Leyte. It is in this aspect that this study would investigate whether or not Durkheim’s notion of Mechanical Solidarity had served as a factor for the success of the existing demonstration farm especially in its implementation stage. Using the method of interpretative textual analysis and key informant interviews through hermeneutic phenomenology, this study concludes that 1) the achievement of the pioneering rainforestation adopters is inspired by their collective drive to protect of what is left of the natural environment; 2) this study also concludes that the success of CSVFA rainforestation efforts is also attributable to the nature of their society which is somewhat pre-industrialized and small – a clear manifestation of Durkheim’s Mechanical Solidarity, and lastly; 3) this study also concludes that the very notion that there is no personal property in relation to their notion of ownership to the rainforestation demonstration farm and that there is only the existence of collective property drives people to care for it and work for the sake of its well-being. With this, this paper has arrived at a general conclusion that Durkheim’s notion of Mechanical Solidarity is construed to be one of the significant factors in the implementation and success of the CSVFA rainforestation farm.
-
rainforestation implementation and durkheim s notion of Mechanical Solidarity from the experiences of the pioneering adopters of the cienda san vicente farmers association in baybay city leyte
Journal of Agriculture and Technology Management, 2018Co-Authors: Guiraldo Fernandez, Marlito BandeAbstract:Rainforestation is a technology designed to make use of unproductive lands by planting native tree species which are not widely used in the Philippine government’s reforestation program. In ensuring that rainforestation would be effectively implemented, the Visayas State University (VSU) with the help of the German Cooperation Agency (GIZ) has entered into a partnership with the Cienda San Vicente Farmers’ Association (CSVFA) in Baybay City, Leyte. More than twenty years after implementation, the CSVFA rainforestation farm is presently standing in Barangay Gabas, Baybay City, Leyte. It is in this aspect that this study would investigate whether or not Durkheim’s notion of Mechanical Solidarity had served as a factor for the success of the existing demonstration farm especially in its implementation stage. Using the method of interpretative textual analysis and key informant interviews through hermeneutic phenomenology, this study concludes that 1) the achievement of the pioneering rainforestation adopters is inspired by their collective drive to protect of what is left of the natural environment; 2) this study also concludes that the success of CSVFA rainforestation efforts is also attributable to the nature of their society which is somewhat pre-industrialized and small – a clear manifestation of Durkheim’s Mechanical Solidarity, and lastly; 3) this study also concludes that the very notion that there is no personal property in relation to their notion of ownership to the rainforestation demonstration farm and that there is only the existence of collective property drives people to care for it and work for the sake of its well-being. With this, this paper has arrived at a general conclusion that Durkheim’s notion of Mechanical Solidarity is construed to be one of the significant factors in the implementation and success of the CSVFA rainforestation farm.
Guiraldo Fernandez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
RAINFORESTATION IMPLEMENTATION AND DURKHEIM’S NOTION OF Mechanical Solidarity: FROM THE EXPERIENCES OF THE PIONEERING ADOPTERS OF THE CIENDA SAN VICENTE FARMERS ASSOCIATION IN BAYBAY CITY, LEYTE
2018Co-Authors: Guiraldo Fernandez, Marlito BandeAbstract:Rainforestation is a technology designed to make use of unproductive lands by planting native tree species which are not widely used in the Philippine government’s reforestation program. In ensuring that rainforestation would be effectively implemented, the Visayas State University (VSU) with the help of the German Cooperation Agency (GIZ) has entered into a partnership with the Cienda San Vicente Farmers’ Association (CSVFA) in Baybay City, Leyte. More than twenty years after implementation, the CSVFA rainforestation farm is presently standing in Barangay Gabas, Baybay City, Leyte. It is in this aspect that this study would investigate whether or not Durkheim’s notion of Mechanical Solidarity had served as a factor for the success of the existing demonstration farm especially in its implementation stage. Using the method of interpretative textual analysis and key informant interviews through hermeneutic phenomenology, this study concludes that 1) the achievement of the pioneering rainforestation adopters is inspired by their collective drive to protect of what is left of the natural environment; 2) this study also concludes that the success of CSVFA rainforestation efforts is also attributable to the nature of their society which is somewhat pre-industrialized and small – a clear manifestation of Durkheim’s Mechanical Solidarity, and lastly; 3) this study also concludes that the very notion that there is no personal property in relation to their notion of ownership to the rainforestation demonstration farm and that there is only the existence of collective property drives people to care for it and work for the sake of its well-being. With this, this paper has arrived at a general conclusion that Durkheim’s notion of Mechanical Solidarity is construed to be one of the significant factors in the implementation and success of the CSVFA rainforestation farm.
-
rainforestation implementation and durkheim s notion of Mechanical Solidarity from the experiences of the pioneering adopters of the cienda san vicente farmers association in baybay city leyte
Journal of Agriculture and Technology Management, 2018Co-Authors: Guiraldo Fernandez, Marlito BandeAbstract:Rainforestation is a technology designed to make use of unproductive lands by planting native tree species which are not widely used in the Philippine government’s reforestation program. In ensuring that rainforestation would be effectively implemented, the Visayas State University (VSU) with the help of the German Cooperation Agency (GIZ) has entered into a partnership with the Cienda San Vicente Farmers’ Association (CSVFA) in Baybay City, Leyte. More than twenty years after implementation, the CSVFA rainforestation farm is presently standing in Barangay Gabas, Baybay City, Leyte. It is in this aspect that this study would investigate whether or not Durkheim’s notion of Mechanical Solidarity had served as a factor for the success of the existing demonstration farm especially in its implementation stage. Using the method of interpretative textual analysis and key informant interviews through hermeneutic phenomenology, this study concludes that 1) the achievement of the pioneering rainforestation adopters is inspired by their collective drive to protect of what is left of the natural environment; 2) this study also concludes that the success of CSVFA rainforestation efforts is also attributable to the nature of their society which is somewhat pre-industrialized and small – a clear manifestation of Durkheim’s Mechanical Solidarity, and lastly; 3) this study also concludes that the very notion that there is no personal property in relation to their notion of ownership to the rainforestation demonstration farm and that there is only the existence of collective property drives people to care for it and work for the sake of its well-being. With this, this paper has arrived at a general conclusion that Durkheim’s notion of Mechanical Solidarity is construed to be one of the significant factors in the implementation and success of the CSVFA rainforestation farm.
Justin T Pickett - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Punishment and Solidarity? An experimental test of the educative-moralizing effects of legal sanctions
Journal of Experimental Criminology, 2017Co-Authors: Justin T Pickett, Thomas BakerAbstract:Objectives Both scholars and legal practitioners have long theorized that a central function of criminal punishments is to reinforce moral values and, in so doing, symbolically reaffirm the vitality of the shared beliefs that underpin social trust and bonding—or what Durkheim refers to as “Mechanical Solidarity”. Crime, according to this theoretical scholarship, is a symbol of disconsensus and possesses the potential to trigger a demoralization cascade. Punishment counteracts the demoralizing effect of crime by demonstrating that a consensus remains about the moral boundaries in society and that legal authorities continue to have the motivation and resources necessary to enforce this consensus. Versions of this denunciatory or expressive theory of punishment can be found in the criminological, sociological, and legal literatures. All varieties of the theory share a common feature: to date, they have largely escaped empirical scrutiny. Methods The current study tests this theoretical tradition’s foundational hypotheses using data from a randomized factorial survey experiment conducted with a sample of 5042 Americans. Results The findings provide no support for expressive theories of punishment. However, the evidence does show that punishment may play an important role in reducing the emotional impact of crime on citizens. Specifically, when the offender is caught and punished it appears to diminish the aversive emotional reactions (e.g., anger) caused by learning that a crime was committed in the first place. Conclusions Our study suggests that, although punishing crimes may not influence individuals’ social or moral beliefs, it might serve another important function by attenuating potentially criminogenic emotional reactions to crime, such as anger. The sanctioning effect, then, shares similarities with conventional coping mechanisms described in general strain theory.
-
punishment and Solidarity an experimental test of the educative moralizing effects of legal sanctions
Journal of Experimental Criminology, 2017Co-Authors: Justin T Pickett, Thomas L BakerAbstract:Objectives Both scholars and legal practitioners have long theorized that a central function of criminal punishments is to reinforce moral values and, in so doing, symbolically reaffirm the vitality of the shared beliefs that underpin social trust and bonding—or what Durkheim refers to as “Mechanical Solidarity”. Crime, according to this theoretical scholarship, is a symbol of disconsensus and possesses the potential to trigger a demoralization cascade. Punishment counteracts the demoralizing effect of crime by demonstrating that a consensus remains about the moral boundaries in society and that legal authorities continue to have the motivation and resources necessary to enforce this consensus. Versions of this denunciatory or expressive theory of punishment can be found in the criminological, sociological, and legal literatures. All varieties of the theory share a common feature: to date, they have largely escaped empirical scrutiny.
Tom Postmes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
The Impact of Art : Exploring the Social-Psychological Pathways That Connect Audiences to Live Performances
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 2019Co-Authors: Aafke Van Mourik Broekman, Ernestine Gordijn, Namkje Koudenburg, Kirsten L. S. Krans, Tom PostmesAbstract:Group growth is of fundamental importance to understanding social influence. How do passive bystanders become psychologically involved when observing a small group of actors? Our hypothesis was that the kind of Solidarity displayed by the group shapes the bonds that emerge with an audience. We studied audience responses to modern dance performances and conducted 2 field experiments and 1 lab experiment (N = 263, 363, and 147). Performances were developed jointly with choreographers: Dancers acted as an aggregate of individuals or displayed Mechanical or organic Solidarity. As predicted, the emergent bond between audience members and dancers was influenced by the kind of Solidarity on display. When dancers displayed Mechanical Solidarity, the emergence of bonds was mainly predicted by perceived unity. When organic Solidarity was displayed, the individual value of each dancer played a key role. Interestingly, overall artistic evaluation was affected in parallel with the development of bonds: the kind of Solidarity displayed influenced performance evaluation. Finally, Experiment 2b showed that Solidarity displayed on stage influenced the postperformance cooperative behavior among audience members. The article discusses the social psychological pathways by which performing arts influence communities and society. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved)
-
Reshaping social structure through performances: Emergent Solidarity between actors and observers
Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 2018Co-Authors: Aafke Van Mourik Broekman, Ernestine Gordijn, Namkje Koudenburg, Tom PostmesAbstract:Abstract Based on the interactive model of identity formation (Postmes, Haslam, & Swaab, 2005) we investigate whether displays of coordinated actions foster feelings of Solidarity. Participants were randomly assigned to roles of actors and observers in two experiments (N = 191 and 276). Actors performed in an “airband” in which all played air-guitar (enacting Mechanical Solidarity) or each member played different air-instruments (enacting organic Solidarity). In the control condition actors imagined playing (Study 1) or performed individually (Study 2). As predicted, displays of Solidarity led to elevated levels of experienced Solidarity among actors and observers. As predicted, experiences of organic Solidarity were mediated by having a sense of personal value to the group, whereas experiences of Mechanical Solidarity were not. Interestingly, exploratory evidence suggests that groups who enacted organic Solidarity, remained more active throughout a subsequent behavioural task relative to other conditions. This research shows that performing arts are more than just entertainment; performing arts can bring individuals together and shape social structure.
-
The Embodiment of Solidarity:: When Audiences and Performers Unite.
2014Co-Authors: Aafke Van Mourik Broekman, Ernestine Gordijn, Tom Postmes, Namkje KoudenburgAbstract:This research investigates ‘organic’ growth of groups. Instead of focusing on group processes that explain large groups, i.e. in-group similarities and categorization (Mechanical Solidarity; Durkheim, 1893/1984), we focus on processes inherent to small groups, i.e. interactions, interdependencies, and individual contributions (organic Solidarity; Durkheim, 1893/1984). We hypothesize that these ‘organic’ processes can also explain transformations from small to large groups. We aim to show that merely observing an interacting group, without actively participating, can lead to feelings of Solidarity with a target group through the same processes as when one is actually part of the interaction. In collaboration with choreographers/dancers we developed three dance performances in which the physical interaction between the dancers varied; the group either displayed no Solidarity, Mechanical Solidarity, or organic Solidarity. We investigate observers’ responses among audiences that were present during the live performances and replicate the study with small audiences that watch the performances on screen.
Thomas Baker - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Punishment and Solidarity? An experimental test of the educative-moralizing effects of legal sanctions
Journal of Experimental Criminology, 2017Co-Authors: Justin T Pickett, Thomas BakerAbstract:Objectives Both scholars and legal practitioners have long theorized that a central function of criminal punishments is to reinforce moral values and, in so doing, symbolically reaffirm the vitality of the shared beliefs that underpin social trust and bonding—or what Durkheim refers to as “Mechanical Solidarity”. Crime, according to this theoretical scholarship, is a symbol of disconsensus and possesses the potential to trigger a demoralization cascade. Punishment counteracts the demoralizing effect of crime by demonstrating that a consensus remains about the moral boundaries in society and that legal authorities continue to have the motivation and resources necessary to enforce this consensus. Versions of this denunciatory or expressive theory of punishment can be found in the criminological, sociological, and legal literatures. All varieties of the theory share a common feature: to date, they have largely escaped empirical scrutiny. Methods The current study tests this theoretical tradition’s foundational hypotheses using data from a randomized factorial survey experiment conducted with a sample of 5042 Americans. Results The findings provide no support for expressive theories of punishment. However, the evidence does show that punishment may play an important role in reducing the emotional impact of crime on citizens. Specifically, when the offender is caught and punished it appears to diminish the aversive emotional reactions (e.g., anger) caused by learning that a crime was committed in the first place. Conclusions Our study suggests that, although punishing crimes may not influence individuals’ social or moral beliefs, it might serve another important function by attenuating potentially criminogenic emotional reactions to crime, such as anger. The sanctioning effect, then, shares similarities with conventional coping mechanisms described in general strain theory.