The Experts below are selected from a list of 9414 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Saba Z. Hayat - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the sport expert s attention superiority on skill related scene dynamic by the activation of left Medial Frontal Gyrus an erp and loreta study
Neuroscience, 2018Co-Authors: Amanda Song, Saba Z. HayatAbstract:Extensive studies have shown that a sports expert is superior to a sports novice in visually perceptual-cognitive processes of sports scene information, however the attentional and neural basis of it has not been thoroughly explored. The present study examined whether a sport expert has the attentional superiority on scene information relevant to his/her sport skill, and explored what factor drives this superiority. To address this problem, EEGs were recorded as participants passively viewed sport scenes (tennis vs. non-tennis) and negative emotional faces in the context of a visual attention task, where the pictures of sport scenes or of negative emotional faces randomly followed the pictures with overlapping sport scenes and negative emotional faces. ERP results showed that for experts, the evoked potential of attentional competition elicited by the overlap of tennis scene was significantly larger than that evoked by the overlap of non-tennis scene, while this effect was absent for novices. The LORETA showed that the experts' left Medial Frontal Gyrus (MFG) cortex was significantly more active as compared to the right MFG when processing the overlap of tennis scene, but the lateralization effect was not significant in novices. Those results indicate that experts have attentional superiority on skill-related scene information, despite intruding the scene through negative emotional faces that are prone to cause negativity bias toward their visual field as a strong distractor. This superiority is actuated by the activation of left MFG cortex and probably due to self-reference.
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The Sport Expert’s Attention Superiority on Skill-related Scene Dynamic by the Activation of left Medial Frontal Gyrus: An ERP and LORETA Study
Neuroscience, 2018Co-Authors: Amanda Song, Saba Z. HayatAbstract:Extensive studies have shown that a sports expert is superior to a sports novice in visually perceptual-cognitive processes of sports scene information, however the attentional and neural basis of it has not been thoroughly explored. The present study examined whether a sport expert has the attentional superiority on scene information relevant to his/her sport skill, and explored what factor drives this superiority. To address this problem, EEGs were recorded as participants passively viewed sport scenes (tennis vs. non-tennis) and negative emotional faces in the context of a visual attention task, where the pictures of sport scenes or of negative emotional faces randomly followed the pictures with overlapping sport scenes and negative emotional faces. ERP results showed that for experts, the evoked potential of attentional competition elicited by the overlap of tennis scene was significantly larger than that evoked by the overlap of non-tennis scene, while this effect was absent for novices. The LORETA showed that the experts' left Medial Frontal Gyrus (MFG) cortex was significantly more active as compared to the right MFG when processing the overlap of tennis scene, but the lateralization effect was not significant in novices. Those results indicate that experts have attentional superiority on skill-related scene information, despite intruding the scene through negative emotional faces that are prone to cause negativity bias toward their visual field as a strong distractor. This superiority is actuated by the activation of left MFG cortex and probably due to self-reference.
Amanda Song - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the sport expert s attention superiority on skill related scene dynamic by the activation of left Medial Frontal Gyrus an erp and loreta study
Neuroscience, 2018Co-Authors: Amanda Song, Saba Z. HayatAbstract:Extensive studies have shown that a sports expert is superior to a sports novice in visually perceptual-cognitive processes of sports scene information, however the attentional and neural basis of it has not been thoroughly explored. The present study examined whether a sport expert has the attentional superiority on scene information relevant to his/her sport skill, and explored what factor drives this superiority. To address this problem, EEGs were recorded as participants passively viewed sport scenes (tennis vs. non-tennis) and negative emotional faces in the context of a visual attention task, where the pictures of sport scenes or of negative emotional faces randomly followed the pictures with overlapping sport scenes and negative emotional faces. ERP results showed that for experts, the evoked potential of attentional competition elicited by the overlap of tennis scene was significantly larger than that evoked by the overlap of non-tennis scene, while this effect was absent for novices. The LORETA showed that the experts' left Medial Frontal Gyrus (MFG) cortex was significantly more active as compared to the right MFG when processing the overlap of tennis scene, but the lateralization effect was not significant in novices. Those results indicate that experts have attentional superiority on skill-related scene information, despite intruding the scene through negative emotional faces that are prone to cause negativity bias toward their visual field as a strong distractor. This superiority is actuated by the activation of left MFG cortex and probably due to self-reference.
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The Sport Expert’s Attention Superiority on Skill-related Scene Dynamic by the Activation of left Medial Frontal Gyrus: An ERP and LORETA Study
Neuroscience, 2018Co-Authors: Amanda Song, Saba Z. HayatAbstract:Extensive studies have shown that a sports expert is superior to a sports novice in visually perceptual-cognitive processes of sports scene information, however the attentional and neural basis of it has not been thoroughly explored. The present study examined whether a sport expert has the attentional superiority on scene information relevant to his/her sport skill, and explored what factor drives this superiority. To address this problem, EEGs were recorded as participants passively viewed sport scenes (tennis vs. non-tennis) and negative emotional faces in the context of a visual attention task, where the pictures of sport scenes or of negative emotional faces randomly followed the pictures with overlapping sport scenes and negative emotional faces. ERP results showed that for experts, the evoked potential of attentional competition elicited by the overlap of tennis scene was significantly larger than that evoked by the overlap of non-tennis scene, while this effect was absent for novices. The LORETA showed that the experts' left Medial Frontal Gyrus (MFG) cortex was significantly more active as compared to the right MFG when processing the overlap of tennis scene, but the lateralization effect was not significant in novices. Those results indicate that experts have attentional superiority on skill-related scene information, despite intruding the scene through negative emotional faces that are prone to cause negativity bias toward their visual field as a strong distractor. This superiority is actuated by the activation of left MFG cortex and probably due to self-reference.
Akemi Tomoda - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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pseudohypacusis in childhood and adolescence is associated with increased gray matter volume in the Medial Frontal Gyrus and superior temporal Gyrus
Cortex, 2012Co-Authors: Akemi Tomoda, Sumihito Kinoshita, Yuki Korenaga, Hiroyo MabeAbstract:Pseudohypacusis is a somatoform disorder characterized by hearing loss with discrepancies between pure-tone audiometry and auditory brainstem response (ABR), but the underlying neuronal mechanisms remain unclear. Using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging for 14 unmedicated, right-handed patients and 35 healthy control subjects, we investigated whether functional hearing loss was associated with discernible changes of brain morphology. Group differences in gray matter volume (GMV) were assessed using high-resolution, T1-weighted, volumetric MR imaging datasets (3T Trio scanner; Siemens AG) and analyzed with covariant factors of age, sex, socioeconomic status (SES), and total GMV, which was increased by 27.9% in the left Medial Frontal Gyrus (MFG) (Brodmann area 10) (p=.001, corrected cluster level) and by 14.4% in the right superior temporal Gyrus (STG) and the adjacent middle temporal Gyrus (MTG) (BA42 to 21) (p=.009, corrected cluster level) in patients with pseudohypacusis. The GMV in the right STG (BA42) and verbal intelligence quotient (IQ) were correlated significantly with the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - Third Edition (WISC-III) (s=-.57, p<.0001) and level of SES (s=-.55, p<.0001). The present findings suggest that the development of the auditory association cortex involved in language processing is affected, causing insufficient pruning during brain development. We therefore assert that differences in the neuroanatomical substrate of pseudohypacusis subjects result from a developmental disorder in auditory processing.
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Pseudohypacusis in childhood and adolescence is associated with increased gray matter volume in the Medial Frontal Gyrus and superior temporal Gyrus
Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior, 2010Co-Authors: Akemi Tomoda, Sumihito Kinoshita, Yuki Korenaga, Hiroyo MabeAbstract:Pseudohypacusis is a somatoform disorder characterized by hearing loss with discrepancies between pure-tone audiometry and auditory brainstem response (ABR), but the underlying neuronal mechanisms remain unclear. Using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging for 14 unmedicated, right-handed patients and 35 healthy control subjects, we investigated whether functional hearing loss was associated with discernible changes of brain morphology. Group differences in gray matter volume (GMV) were assessed using high-resolution, T1-weighted, volumetric MR imaging datasets (3T Trio scanner; Siemens AG) and analyzed with covariant factors of age, sex, socioeconomic status (SES), and total GMV, which was increased by 27.9% in the left Medial Frontal Gyrus (MFG) (Brodmann area 10) (p=.001, corrected cluster level) and by 14.4% in the right superior temporal Gyrus (STG) and the adjacent middle temporal Gyrus (MTG) (BA42 to 21) (p=.009, corrected cluster level) in patients with pseudohypacusis. The GMV in the right STG (BA42) and verbal intelligence quotient (IQ) were correlated significantly with the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - Third Edition (WISC-III) (s=-.57, p
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reduced preFrontal cortical gray matter volume in young adults exposed to harsh corporal punishment
NeuroImage, 2009Co-Authors: Akemi Tomoda, Hanako Suzuki, Keren Rabi, Yishin Sheu, Ann Polcari, Martin H TeicherAbstract:Abstract Objective Harsh corporal punishment (HCP) during childhood is a chronic, developmental stressor associated with depression, aggression and addictive behaviors. Exposure to traumatic stressors, such as sexual abuse, is associated with alteration in brain structure, but nothing is known about the potential neurobiological consequences of HCP. The aim of this study was to investigate whether HCP was associated with discernible alterations in gray matter volume (GMV) using voxel-based morphometry (VBM). Methods 1455 young adults (18–25 years) were screened to identify 23 with exposure to HCP (minimum 3 years duration, 12 episodes per year, frequently involving objects) and 22 healthy controls. High-resolution T1-weighted MRI datasets were obtained using Siemens 3 T trio scanner. Results GMV was reduced by 19.1% in the right Medial Frontal Gyrus (Medial preFrontal cortex; MPFC, BA10) ( P = 0.037, corrected cluster level), by 14.5% in the left Medial Frontal Gyrus (dorsolateral preFrontal cortex; DLPFC, BA9) ( P = 0.015, uncorrected cluster level) and by 16.9% in the right anterior cingulate Gyrus (BA24) ( P Conclusions Exposing children to harsh HCP may have detrimental effects on trajectories of brain development. However, it is also conceivable that differences in preFrontal cortical development may increase risk of exposure to HCP.
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Reduced preFrontal cortical gray matter volume in young adults exposed to harsh corporal punishment.
NeuroImage, 2009Co-Authors: Akemi Tomoda, Hanako Suzuki, Keren Rabi, Yishin Sheu, Ann Polcari, Martin H TeicherAbstract:Harsh corporal punishment (HCP) during childhood is a chronic, developmental stressor associated with depression, aggression and addictive behaviors. Exposure to traumatic stressors, such as sexual abuse, is associated with alteration in brain structure, but nothing is known about the potential neurobiological consequences of HCP. The aim of this study was to investigate whether HCP was associated with discernible alterations in gray matter volume (GMV) using voxel-based morphometry (VBM). 1455 young adults (18-25 years) were screened to identify 23 with exposure to HCP (minimum 3 years duration, 12 episodes per year, frequently involving objects) and 22 healthy controls. High-resolution T1-weighted MRI datasets were obtained using Siemens 3 T trio scanner. GMV was reduced by 19.1% in the right Medial Frontal Gyrus (Medial preFrontal cortex; MPFC, BA10) (P=0.037, corrected cluster level), by 14.5% in the left Medial Frontal Gyrus (dorsolateral preFrontal cortex; DLPFC, BA9) (P=0.015, uncorrected cluster level) and by 16.9% in the right anterior cingulate Gyrus (BA24) (P<0.001, uncorrected cluster level) of HCP subjects. There were significant correlations between GMV in these identified regions and performance IQ on the WAIS-III. Exposing children to harsh HCP may have detrimental effects on trajectories of brain development. However, it is also conceivable that differences in preFrontal cortical development may increase risk of exposure to HCP.
Martin H Teicher - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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reduced preFrontal cortical gray matter volume in young adults exposed to harsh corporal punishment
NeuroImage, 2009Co-Authors: Akemi Tomoda, Hanako Suzuki, Keren Rabi, Yishin Sheu, Ann Polcari, Martin H TeicherAbstract:Abstract Objective Harsh corporal punishment (HCP) during childhood is a chronic, developmental stressor associated with depression, aggression and addictive behaviors. Exposure to traumatic stressors, such as sexual abuse, is associated with alteration in brain structure, but nothing is known about the potential neurobiological consequences of HCP. The aim of this study was to investigate whether HCP was associated with discernible alterations in gray matter volume (GMV) using voxel-based morphometry (VBM). Methods 1455 young adults (18–25 years) were screened to identify 23 with exposure to HCP (minimum 3 years duration, 12 episodes per year, frequently involving objects) and 22 healthy controls. High-resolution T1-weighted MRI datasets were obtained using Siemens 3 T trio scanner. Results GMV was reduced by 19.1% in the right Medial Frontal Gyrus (Medial preFrontal cortex; MPFC, BA10) ( P = 0.037, corrected cluster level), by 14.5% in the left Medial Frontal Gyrus (dorsolateral preFrontal cortex; DLPFC, BA9) ( P = 0.015, uncorrected cluster level) and by 16.9% in the right anterior cingulate Gyrus (BA24) ( P Conclusions Exposing children to harsh HCP may have detrimental effects on trajectories of brain development. However, it is also conceivable that differences in preFrontal cortical development may increase risk of exposure to HCP.
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Reduced preFrontal cortical gray matter volume in young adults exposed to harsh corporal punishment.
NeuroImage, 2009Co-Authors: Akemi Tomoda, Hanako Suzuki, Keren Rabi, Yishin Sheu, Ann Polcari, Martin H TeicherAbstract:Harsh corporal punishment (HCP) during childhood is a chronic, developmental stressor associated with depression, aggression and addictive behaviors. Exposure to traumatic stressors, such as sexual abuse, is associated with alteration in brain structure, but nothing is known about the potential neurobiological consequences of HCP. The aim of this study was to investigate whether HCP was associated with discernible alterations in gray matter volume (GMV) using voxel-based morphometry (VBM). 1455 young adults (18-25 years) were screened to identify 23 with exposure to HCP (minimum 3 years duration, 12 episodes per year, frequently involving objects) and 22 healthy controls. High-resolution T1-weighted MRI datasets were obtained using Siemens 3 T trio scanner. GMV was reduced by 19.1% in the right Medial Frontal Gyrus (Medial preFrontal cortex; MPFC, BA10) (P=0.037, corrected cluster level), by 14.5% in the left Medial Frontal Gyrus (dorsolateral preFrontal cortex; DLPFC, BA9) (P=0.015, uncorrected cluster level) and by 16.9% in the right anterior cingulate Gyrus (BA24) (P<0.001, uncorrected cluster level) of HCP subjects. There were significant correlations between GMV in these identified regions and performance IQ on the WAIS-III. Exposing children to harsh HCP may have detrimental effects on trajectories of brain development. However, it is also conceivable that differences in preFrontal cortical development may increase risk of exposure to HCP.
Massimo Biondi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Medial Frontal Gyrus alterations in schizophrenia: Relationship with duration of illness and executive dysfunction
Psychiatry Research-neuroimaging, 2014Co-Authors: Marianna Frascarelli, Stefania Tognin, Alessia Mirigliani, Antonino Buzzanca, Maria Chiara Torti, Fabrizio Parente, Fabio Di Fabio, Emanuele Tinelli, Francesca Caramia, Massimo BiondiAbstract:Executive functioning is consistently impaired in schizophrenia, and it has been associated with reduced gray matter volume in preFrontal areas. Abnormalities in preFrontal brain regions have also been related to the illness duration. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of executive functioning decline and chronicity in preFrontal regions of patients with schizophrenia. Participants comprised 33 schizophrenic patients, 18 with duration of illness (DoI) shorter than 10 years and 15 with duration of illness longer than 10 years. In addition, 24 healthy controls served as a comparison group. Participants performed the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging. Patients with longer DoI showed significant reduction of gray matter volume in the left Medial Frontal Gyrus compared with healthy controls. Moreover, there was a trend for greater gray matter volume decrease in patients with a longer illness duration compared with patients with shorter illness duration. There was no interaction between the volume of the left Medial Frontal Gyrus performance on the WCST. The present study supports the hypothesis that Medial Frontal Gyrus alterations in schizophrenia are sensitive to duration of illness. These alterations were not associated with executive functioning.
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Medial Frontal Gyrus alterations in schizophrenia: Relationship with duration of illness and executive dysfunction
Psychiatry Research-neuroimaging, 2014Co-Authors: Marianna Frascarelli, Stefania Tognin, Alessia Mirigliani, Antonino Buzzanca, Maria Chiara Torti, Fabrizio Parente, Fabio Di Fabio, Emanuele Tinelli, Francesca Caramia, Massimo BiondiAbstract:Executive functioning is consistently impaired in schizophrenia, and it has been associated with reduced gray matter volume in preFrontal areas. Abnormalities in preFrontal brain regions have also been related to the illness duration. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of executive functioning decline and chronicity in preFrontal regions of patients with schizophrenia. Participants comprised 33 schizophrenic patients, 18 with duration of illness (DoI) shorter than 10 years and 15 with duration of illness longer than 10 years. In addition, 24 healthy controls served as a comparison group. Participants performed the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging. Patients with longer DoI showed significant reduction of gray matter volume in the left Medial Frontal Gyrus compared with healthy controls. Moreover, there was a trend for greater gray matter volume decrease in patients with a longer illness duration compared with patients with shorter illness duration. There was no interaction between the volume of the left Medial Frontal Gyrus performance on the WCST. The present study supports the hypothesis that Medial Frontal Gyrus alterations in schizophrenia are sensitive to duration of illness. These alterations were not associated with executive functioning.