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Jonathan Cantor - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Direct-To-Consumer Television Advertising Exposure, Diagnosis with High Cholesterol, and Statin Use
    Journal of General Internal Medicine, 2013
    Co-Authors: Jeff Niederdeppe, Sahara Byrne, Rosemary J Avery, Jonathan Cantor
    Abstract:

    BACKGROUND While statin drugs are recommended for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD), there is no Medical Consensus on whether or not a statin should be added to lifestyle change efforts for primary prevention of CHD. Previous research suggests that exposure to direct-to-consumer advertising (DTCA) increases drug demand among those at comparatively low risk. Research has yet to examine whether individual-level DTCA exposure may influence statin use among men and women at high, moderate, or low risk for future cardiac events. OBJECTIVE To determine the relationship between estimated exposure to DTCA for statin drugs and two clinical variables: diagnosis with high cholesterol and statin use. DESIGN We used logistic regression to analyze repeated cross-sectional surveys of the United States population, merged with data on the frequency of DTCA appearances on national, cable, and local television, between 2001 and 2007. PARTICIPANTS American adults ( n  = 106,685) aged 18 and older. MAIN MEASURES Levels of exposure to statin DTCA, based on ad appearances and TV viewing patterns; self-reports of whether or not a respondent has been diagnosed with high cholesterol, and whether or not a respondent took a statin in the past year. KEY RESULTS Adjusting for potential confounders, we estimate that exposure to statin ads increased the odds of being diagnosed with high cholesterol by 16 to 20 %, and increased statin use by 16 to 22 %, among both men and women ( p  

  • direct to consumer television advertising exposure diagnosis with high cholesterol and statin use
    Journal of General Internal Medicine, 2013
    Co-Authors: Jeff Niederdeppe, Sahara Byrne, Rosemary J Avery, Jonathan Cantor
    Abstract:

    BACKGROUND While statin drugs are recommended for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD), there is no Medical Consensus on whether or not a statin should be added to lifestyle change efforts for primary prevention of CHD. Previous research suggests that exposure to direct-to-consumer advertising (DTCA) increases drug demand among those at comparatively low risk. Research has yet to examine whether individual-level DTCA exposure may influence statin use among men and women at high, moderate, or low risk for future cardiac events.

Jeff Niederdeppe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Direct-To-Consumer Television Advertising Exposure, Diagnosis with High Cholesterol, and Statin Use
    Journal of General Internal Medicine, 2013
    Co-Authors: Jeff Niederdeppe, Sahara Byrne, Rosemary J Avery, Jonathan Cantor
    Abstract:

    BACKGROUND While statin drugs are recommended for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD), there is no Medical Consensus on whether or not a statin should be added to lifestyle change efforts for primary prevention of CHD. Previous research suggests that exposure to direct-to-consumer advertising (DTCA) increases drug demand among those at comparatively low risk. Research has yet to examine whether individual-level DTCA exposure may influence statin use among men and women at high, moderate, or low risk for future cardiac events. OBJECTIVE To determine the relationship between estimated exposure to DTCA for statin drugs and two clinical variables: diagnosis with high cholesterol and statin use. DESIGN We used logistic regression to analyze repeated cross-sectional surveys of the United States population, merged with data on the frequency of DTCA appearances on national, cable, and local television, between 2001 and 2007. PARTICIPANTS American adults ( n  = 106,685) aged 18 and older. MAIN MEASURES Levels of exposure to statin DTCA, based on ad appearances and TV viewing patterns; self-reports of whether or not a respondent has been diagnosed with high cholesterol, and whether or not a respondent took a statin in the past year. KEY RESULTS Adjusting for potential confounders, we estimate that exposure to statin ads increased the odds of being diagnosed with high cholesterol by 16 to 20 %, and increased statin use by 16 to 22 %, among both men and women ( p  

  • direct to consumer television advertising exposure diagnosis with high cholesterol and statin use
    Journal of General Internal Medicine, 2013
    Co-Authors: Jeff Niederdeppe, Sahara Byrne, Rosemary J Avery, Jonathan Cantor
    Abstract:

    BACKGROUND While statin drugs are recommended for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD), there is no Medical Consensus on whether or not a statin should be added to lifestyle change efforts for primary prevention of CHD. Previous research suggests that exposure to direct-to-consumer advertising (DTCA) increases drug demand among those at comparatively low risk. Research has yet to examine whether individual-level DTCA exposure may influence statin use among men and women at high, moderate, or low risk for future cardiac events.

Rosemary J Avery - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Direct-To-Consumer Television Advertising Exposure, Diagnosis with High Cholesterol, and Statin Use
    Journal of General Internal Medicine, 2013
    Co-Authors: Jeff Niederdeppe, Sahara Byrne, Rosemary J Avery, Jonathan Cantor
    Abstract:

    BACKGROUND While statin drugs are recommended for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD), there is no Medical Consensus on whether or not a statin should be added to lifestyle change efforts for primary prevention of CHD. Previous research suggests that exposure to direct-to-consumer advertising (DTCA) increases drug demand among those at comparatively low risk. Research has yet to examine whether individual-level DTCA exposure may influence statin use among men and women at high, moderate, or low risk for future cardiac events. OBJECTIVE To determine the relationship between estimated exposure to DTCA for statin drugs and two clinical variables: diagnosis with high cholesterol and statin use. DESIGN We used logistic regression to analyze repeated cross-sectional surveys of the United States population, merged with data on the frequency of DTCA appearances on national, cable, and local television, between 2001 and 2007. PARTICIPANTS American adults ( n  = 106,685) aged 18 and older. MAIN MEASURES Levels of exposure to statin DTCA, based on ad appearances and TV viewing patterns; self-reports of whether or not a respondent has been diagnosed with high cholesterol, and whether or not a respondent took a statin in the past year. KEY RESULTS Adjusting for potential confounders, we estimate that exposure to statin ads increased the odds of being diagnosed with high cholesterol by 16 to 20 %, and increased statin use by 16 to 22 %, among both men and women ( p  

  • direct to consumer television advertising exposure diagnosis with high cholesterol and statin use
    Journal of General Internal Medicine, 2013
    Co-Authors: Jeff Niederdeppe, Sahara Byrne, Rosemary J Avery, Jonathan Cantor
    Abstract:

    BACKGROUND While statin drugs are recommended for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD), there is no Medical Consensus on whether or not a statin should be added to lifestyle change efforts for primary prevention of CHD. Previous research suggests that exposure to direct-to-consumer advertising (DTCA) increases drug demand among those at comparatively low risk. Research has yet to examine whether individual-level DTCA exposure may influence statin use among men and women at high, moderate, or low risk for future cardiac events.

Sahara Byrne - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Direct-To-Consumer Television Advertising Exposure, Diagnosis with High Cholesterol, and Statin Use
    Journal of General Internal Medicine, 2013
    Co-Authors: Jeff Niederdeppe, Sahara Byrne, Rosemary J Avery, Jonathan Cantor
    Abstract:

    BACKGROUND While statin drugs are recommended for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD), there is no Medical Consensus on whether or not a statin should be added to lifestyle change efforts for primary prevention of CHD. Previous research suggests that exposure to direct-to-consumer advertising (DTCA) increases drug demand among those at comparatively low risk. Research has yet to examine whether individual-level DTCA exposure may influence statin use among men and women at high, moderate, or low risk for future cardiac events. OBJECTIVE To determine the relationship between estimated exposure to DTCA for statin drugs and two clinical variables: diagnosis with high cholesterol and statin use. DESIGN We used logistic regression to analyze repeated cross-sectional surveys of the United States population, merged with data on the frequency of DTCA appearances on national, cable, and local television, between 2001 and 2007. PARTICIPANTS American adults ( n  = 106,685) aged 18 and older. MAIN MEASURES Levels of exposure to statin DTCA, based on ad appearances and TV viewing patterns; self-reports of whether or not a respondent has been diagnosed with high cholesterol, and whether or not a respondent took a statin in the past year. KEY RESULTS Adjusting for potential confounders, we estimate that exposure to statin ads increased the odds of being diagnosed with high cholesterol by 16 to 20 %, and increased statin use by 16 to 22 %, among both men and women ( p  

  • direct to consumer television advertising exposure diagnosis with high cholesterol and statin use
    Journal of General Internal Medicine, 2013
    Co-Authors: Jeff Niederdeppe, Sahara Byrne, Rosemary J Avery, Jonathan Cantor
    Abstract:

    BACKGROUND While statin drugs are recommended for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease (CHD), there is no Medical Consensus on whether or not a statin should be added to lifestyle change efforts for primary prevention of CHD. Previous research suggests that exposure to direct-to-consumer advertising (DTCA) increases drug demand among those at comparatively low risk. Research has yet to examine whether individual-level DTCA exposure may influence statin use among men and women at high, moderate, or low risk for future cardiac events.

Trent Yarwood - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • sexual transmission of hiv and the law an australian Medical Consensus statement
    The Medical Journal of Australia, 2016
    Co-Authors: Mark A Boyd, David A Cooper, Elizabeth A Crock, Levinia Crooks, Michelle L Giles, Andrew E Grulich, Sharon R Lewin, D Nolan, Trent Yarwood
    Abstract:

    INTRODUCTION Criminal cases involving human immunodeficiency virus transmission or exposure require that courts correctly comprehend the rapidly evolving science of HIV transmission and the impact of an HIV diagnosis. This Consensus statement, written by leading HIV clinicians and scientists, provides current scientific evidence to facilitate just outcomes in Australian criminal cases involving HIV.Main recommendations: Caution should be exercised when considering charges or prosecutions regarding HIV transmission or exposure because:Scientific evidence shows that the risk of HIV transmission during sex between partners of different HIV serostatus can be low, negligible or too low to quantify, even when the HIV-positive partner is not taking effective antiretroviral therapy, depending on the nature of the sexual act, the viral load of the partner with HIV, and whether a condom or pre-exposure prophylaxis is employed to reduce risk.The use of phylogenetic analysis in cases of suspected HIV transmission requires careful consideration of its limited probative value as evidence of causation of HIV infection, although such an approach may provide valuable information, particularly in relation to excluding HIV transmission between individuals.Most people recently infected with HIV are able to commence simple treatment providing them a normal and healthy life expectancy, largely comparable with their HIV-negative peers. Among people who have been diagnosed and are receiving treatment, HIV is rarely life threatening. People with HIV can conceive children with negligible risk to their partner and low risk to their child.Changes in management as result of the Consensus statement: Given the limited risk of HIV transmission per sexual act and the limited long term harms experienced by most people recently diagnosed with HIV, appropriate care should be taken before HIV prosecutions are pursued. Careful attention should be paid to the best scientific evidence on HIV risk and harms, with consideration given to alternatives to prosecution, including public health management.