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Frank A. Barrett - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The role of French-language contributors to the development of Medical Geography (1782-1933).
Social science & medicine (1982), 2002Co-Authors: Frank A. BarrettAbstract:Abstract In the literature it is L. L. Finke's three volume work Versuch einer allgemeinen medicinisch-praktischen Geographie , 1792–1795, that is commonly cited as the first to use the term “Medical Geography”. However, Rofort's investigations on the 18th and 19th century development of Medical topography in France (1987, 1988) has revealed that a French physician, Dehorne, used the term a decade earlier, and in 1784 Dehorne suggested that a project be undertaken by the Royal Medical Society of Paris on a “Medical Geography of France”. The proposal was debated in the Journal de Medecine Militaire in 1786. This correspondence probably is the earliest critique of the concept of Medical Geography. It was also the French who were the first to have entries on Medical Geography in dictionaries and encyclopedias. Dr. Jean-Noel Halle wrote a lengthy piece conceptually placing Medical Geography as a foundation for Medical hygienics in Encyclopedie Methodique (1787, 1792). In 1817 Julien Virey wrote a 66 page entry on Medical Geography in the Dictionnaire des Sciences Medicales . Throughout the nineteenth century authors writing in the French language continued to make advances and in 1933 the French geographer Max Sorre suggested new directions for the field in the light of bacteriological discoveries and the re-orientation of medicine.
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Daniel Drake's Medical Geography.
Social Science & Medicine, 1996Co-Authors: Frank A. BarrettAbstract:Daniel Drake's two volume study, Principal Diseases of the Interior of North America (1850-1854), is examined in the context of the Medical geographical and geographical Medical literature of the period. His work covers an in-depth examination of the Geography of the interior of the continent as it relates to disease occurrence. Drake's contribution appears to have occurred independently of the then contemporary European literature. Certainly in its method of research no one up to that point had developed an approach of examining, in such detail, the relationships between Geography and disease over so vast an area. Drake is another example of a physician who turned to a geographical approach to better understand disease. The question arises as to what stimulated Drake into taking this approach, and what were the opinions of his study by North American and European critics? Although in the historical development of Medical Geography it is a major contribution, to date no Medical geographer appears to have written an in depth analysis of his work.
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A Medical geographical anniversary.
Social science & medicine (1982), 1993Co-Authors: Frank A. BarrettAbstract:It is now 200 years since L. L. Finke wrote his treatise on a global Medical Geography, Versuch einer allgemeinen medicinisch-praktischen Geographie. It was both the most extensive book in substantive content, and the most detailed in conceptual discussion on Medical Geography written to that point. Although it is one of the foundation pieces of Medical Geography, modern day practitioners seldom refer to Finke's work. There are two main reasons for this: with the exception of two passages, the work has never been translated from the original German, and many contemporary Medical geographers believe that the field only developed in the mid-twentieth century. This paper's purpose is to demonstrate that this last point is unfounded and that recognition of Finke's seminal contribution is long over-due. On the 200th anniversary of the publication of An Attempt at a General Medical-Practical Geography Finke's great achievement is honoured.
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'Scurvy' Lind's Medical Geography.
Social science & medicine (1982), 1991Co-Authors: Frank A. BarrettAbstract:The name James Lind is not one usually associated with Medical Geography. Yet Lind's book, An Essay on the Incidence of Diseases in Hot Climates, written in 1768, is of great importance in the development of Medical Geography. When Finke wrote his Medical Geography a quarter of a century later he quoted extensively from Lind.
Kari S Mcleod - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Our sense of Snow: the myth of John Snow in Medical Geography.
Social Science & Medicine, 2000Co-Authors: Kari S McleodAbstract:In 1854, Dr. John Snow identified the Broad Street pump as the source of an intense cholera outbreak by plotting the location of cholera deaths on a dot-map. He had the pump handle removed and the outbreak ended...or so one version of the story goes. In Medical Geography, the story of Snow and the Broad Street cholera outbreak is a common example of the discipline in action. While authors in other health-related disciplines focus on Snow's "shoe-leather epidemiology", his development of a water-borne theory of cholera transmission, and/or his pioneering role in anaesthesia, it is the dot-map that makes him a hero in Medical Geography. The story forms part of our disciplinary identity. Geographers have helped to shape the Snow narrative: the map has become part of the myth. Many of the published accounts of Snow are accompanied by versions of the map, but which map did Snow use? What happens to the meaning of our story when the determinative use of the map is challenged? In his book On the Mode of Communication of Cholera (2nd ed., John Churchill, London, 1855), Snow did not write that he used a map to identify the source of the outbreak. The map that accompanies his text shows cholera deaths in Golden Square (the subdistrict of London's Soho district where the outbreak occurred) from August 19 to September 30, a period much longer than the intense outbreak. What happens to the meaning of the myth when the causal connection between the pump's disengagement and the end of the outbreak is examined? Snow's data and text do not support this link but show that the number of cholera deaths was abating before the handle was removed. With the drama of the pump handle being questioned and the map, our artifact, occupying a more illustrative than central role, what is our sense of Snow?
Robin Kearns - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Place and Health: Towards a Reformed Medical Geography∗
The Professional Geographer, 1993Co-Authors: Robin KearnsAbstract:An engagement with public health concerns and aspects of social theory such as the structure/agency debate is crucial to Medical Geography. The imperatives underlying this engagement center on place, a geographical concept which is prominent in both social theory and recent health philosophy. Without detracting from its distinguished heritage, this reformed Medical Geography will analyze issues such as the consequences of illness and health service provision for both personal well-being and the collective experience of place by communities.
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Space in its place: Developing the link in Medical Geography
Social science & medicine (1982), 1993Co-Authors: Robin Kearns, Alun E. JosephAbstract:This paper argues that a re-examination of the interrelationship between constructs of place and space is crucial to Geography's involvement in the broader endeavour of health research. Place has re-emerged as nexus of ascribed meaning within contemporary social theory. Places, however, are related in space, by distance or proximity. The distinction needs to be made between this orthodox (geometric) view of space and two types of social space: the (experienced) space described by humanist geographers; and the more recent (socio-spatial) conceptualization which is both experienced and (re)produced by societal structures and advocated by social theorists in Geography. We argue that advancing a recursive understanding of space and place is an appropriate direction in Medical Geography. This direction will include both an understanding of the ways in which space shapes the character of places and how the particularities of places resist or set in motion (orthodox) spatial processes. Illustrations are drawn from studies of mental illness and mental health care and primary health care in a remote area of New Zealand.
John Eyles - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Coming out: exposing social theory in Medical Geography
Health & Place, 1995Co-Authors: Andrea Litva, John EylesAbstract:Abstract The debate about the role of theory in human Geography has now spanned two decades. This debate has largely bypassed medial Geography which has remained, with one or two exceptions, largely atheoretical. This, we argue, is merely an appearance because no social science is atheoretical when theory is understood as a way of understanding the world. The aim of this paper is to present the three broad groups of theory which can be found (explicitly and implicitly) in Medical Geography. In addition to presenting the basic concepts of these theories, how they are used within health-related research and Medical Geography in particular is also explored. The paper concludes by presenting a conceptual framework to illustrate how Medical Geography can develop in order to meet one of its newest challenges—theory generation.
Yongjun Luo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Teaching investigation and reform in high altitude military Medical Geography
Chinese Journal of Medical Education Research, 2019Co-Authors: Qingqing Pan, Chao Yuan, Yu Chen, Yongjun LuoAbstract:Objective To evaluate the implementation effect of the teaching of high-altitude military Medical Geography, and to provide guidance for the teaching reform of this curriculum. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on the curriculum of high-altitude military Medical Geography among 108 undergraduate students majoring in high-altitude medicine in 2011 class (5 years). The contents of the investigation included learning motivation, learning interest, learning outcome, curriculum contents, and practical teaching. SPSS 18.0 was used for the treatment of investigation results. Results Among the 103 students who participated in the questionnaire survey, 69 (67.0%) were interested in the curriculum itself and 77 (74.8%) were interested in the knowledge of high-altitude human Geography. There was a lack of understanding of the importance of the curriculum and its impact on future work. The examination results showed that most students mastered the contents of this curriculum and the overall teaching goal was reached, with an excellent and good rate of 63.0% (68 students). Conclusion The curriculum construction should be combined with the requirements for the first job after graduation. The curriculum system should be further perfected and its contents should be optimized to give full play to its interdisciplinary characteristics. The contents of human Geography can be added to stimulate students' learning enthusiasm. Key words: High altitude; Military; Medical Geography; Teaching investigation
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Teaching High Altitude Military Medical Geography Produces Effective Military Physicians for the Chinese Plateau
Science Journal of Education, 2019Co-Authors: Xingshu Chen, Yu Chen, Chao Tan, Xinyuan Liu, Caizhi Tang, Ze Zeng, Rui Wang, Yongjun LuoAbstract:The natural environment at high altitude triggers plateau diseases. This requires excellent military physicians that have graduated from high altitude military Medical training to serve people on the plateau. High altitude military Medical undergraduates need to complete a variety of military medicine courses. High altitude military Medical Geography is an important subject in military medicine that focuses on the relationship between the high altitude geographical environment and the health and Medical support of military members. Considering military Medical geographic information is a key aspect before military actions. This article summarizes the experience of teaching a high altitude military Medical Geography program, which has produced Chinese military Medical undergraduates with excellent theoretical knowledge and practical skills. Our teaching process includes the first and second class levels. The former comprises theoretical and practical courses, including investigations in the field, practice on the plateau, and practice with geographic information systems. During the first class level teaching process, theoretical knowledge was reorganized and combined into four modules. After moving to the second class level, which last for 2–3 years, students continue to develop their military Medical Geography expertise under the guidance of teachers in summer school. This characteristic teaching mode supports the training of excellent high altitude military physicians for China.