The Experts below are selected from a list of 10887 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
John C S Breitner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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reduced prevalence of ad in users of nsaids and h2 receptor antagonists the cache county study
Neurology, 2000Co-Authors: James C Anthony, Maria C Norton, John C S Breitner, Peter P Zandi, M R Meyer, I Jurasova, Stephanie V StoneAbstract:Objective: To test the hypothesis that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and histamine H2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs) are associated with a decreased risk of AD in late life. Background: Sustained use of non-aspirin NSAIDs has been repeatedly associated with a reduced occurrence of AD. Similar effects with aspirin have been weaker. One prior study showed a strong association between use of H2RAs and reduced AD prevalence. Methods: In a population study of AD in Cache County, UT, we used a sequenced plan of sampling and case ascertainment to identify 201 cases of AD and 4425 participants with no indication of cognitive impairment. Independently, an interview and Medicine Chest inventory assessed use of several Medicines including aspirin, non-aspirin NSAIDs, H2RAs, and three classes of “control” drugs not thought to be associated with AD. Follow-up questioning probed possible indications for use of these drugs. Results: Compared with cognitively intact individuals, the AD cases had significantly less reported current use of NSAIDs, aspirin, and H2RAs. Stronger associations appeared when subjects reported use of both NSAIDs and aspirin (no H2RAs), two different NSAIDs (no H2RAs), or two different H2RAs (with neither aspirin nor NSAIDs). There was little or no such association with use of the control Medicines. Adjustment for usage indication did not influence these findings, and there was no appreciable variation with number of APOE e4 alleles. Conclusions: As predicted, use of NSAIDs and aspirin were specifically associated with reduced occurrence of AD. Notably, a previous observation of an inverse association of AD and use of H2RAs was also affirmed. Definitive evidence for a preventive action of these agents will require randomized prevention trials.
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prevalence of depression and its treatment in an elderly population the cache county study
Archives of General Psychiatry, 2000Co-Authors: David C Steffens, Ingmar Skoog, Maria C Norton, A D Hart, Joann T Tschanz, Brenda L Plassman, Bonita W Wyse, Kathleen A Welshbohmer, John C S BreitnerAbstract:Background Previous estimates of the prevalence of geriatric depression have varied. There are few large population-based studies; most of these focused on individuals younger than 80 years. No US studies have been published since the advent of the newer antidepressant agents. Methods In 1995 through 1996, as part of a large population study, we examined the current and lifetime prevalence of depressive disorders in 4559 nondemented individuals aged 65 to 100 years. This sample represented 90% of the elderly population of Cache County, Utah. Using a modified version of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule, we ascertained past and present DSM-IV major depression, dysthymia, and subclinical depressive disorders. Medication use was determined through a structured interview and a "Medicine Chest inventory." Results Point prevalence of major depression was estimated at 4.4% in women and 2.7% in men ( P =.003). Other depressive syndromes were surprisingly uncommon (combined point prevalence, 1.6%). Among subjects with current major depression, 35.7% were taking an antidepressant (mostly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and 27.4% a sedative/hypnotic. The current prevalence of major depression did not change appreciably with age. Estimated lifetime prevalence of major depression was 20.4% in women and 9.6% in men ( P Conclusions These estimates for prevalence of major depression are higher than those reported previously in North American studies. Treatment with antidepressants was more common than reported previously, but was still lacking in most individuals with major depression. The prevalence of subsyndromal depressive symptoms was low, possibly because of unusual characteristics of the population.
C P Heron - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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raman spectroscopy of archaeological samples from the barber surgeon s Medicine Chest on the mary rose
Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 2004Co-Authors: H.g.m. Edwards, M G Sibley, B Derham, C P HeronAbstract:Non-destructive Raman spectroscopic analysis of the contents of the Barber-Surgeon's Medicine Chest from the Mary Rose, which sank in 1545, revealed some useful chemical structural information about the materials (materia medica) used for the treatment of wounds in the 16th century. This study reinforces the protocol for the Raman spectroscopic examination of important relics from archaeological excavations in conjunction with their characterisation using more destructive analytical procedures, such as XRF, GC–MS and NMR spectroscopy. Of the 19 specimens submitted for analysis, five from the Medicine Chest were predominantly organic and five inorganic in nature; nine either fluoresced too greatly or gave spectra of such poor quality that they could not be subjected to database correlation. The organic specimens consisted of mixtures of resins, based on terpenoids, whereas the inorganic materials gave simple spectra which could be related to sulfates, carbonates and oxides. The presence of amorphous carbon deposits in samples could be attributed to airborne soot in the ship's interior. In most samples, the presence of minerals associated with silt deposition in the wreck was noted, particularly limestone and quartz. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
H.g.m. Edwards - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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raman spectroscopy of archaeological samples from the barber surgeon s Medicine Chest on the mary rose
Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 2004Co-Authors: H.g.m. Edwards, M G Sibley, B Derham, C P HeronAbstract:Non-destructive Raman spectroscopic analysis of the contents of the Barber-Surgeon's Medicine Chest from the Mary Rose, which sank in 1545, revealed some useful chemical structural information about the materials (materia medica) used for the treatment of wounds in the 16th century. This study reinforces the protocol for the Raman spectroscopic examination of important relics from archaeological excavations in conjunction with their characterisation using more destructive analytical procedures, such as XRF, GC–MS and NMR spectroscopy. Of the 19 specimens submitted for analysis, five from the Medicine Chest were predominantly organic and five inorganic in nature; nine either fluoresced too greatly or gave spectra of such poor quality that they could not be subjected to database correlation. The organic specimens consisted of mixtures of resins, based on terpenoids, whereas the inorganic materials gave simple spectra which could be related to sulfates, carbonates and oxides. The presence of amorphous carbon deposits in samples could be attributed to airborne soot in the ship's interior. In most samples, the presence of minerals associated with silt deposition in the wreck was noted, particularly limestone and quartz. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Maria C Norton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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reduced prevalence of ad in users of nsaids and h2 receptor antagonists the cache county study
Neurology, 2000Co-Authors: James C Anthony, Maria C Norton, John C S Breitner, Peter P Zandi, M R Meyer, I Jurasova, Stephanie V StoneAbstract:Objective: To test the hypothesis that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and histamine H2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs) are associated with a decreased risk of AD in late life. Background: Sustained use of non-aspirin NSAIDs has been repeatedly associated with a reduced occurrence of AD. Similar effects with aspirin have been weaker. One prior study showed a strong association between use of H2RAs and reduced AD prevalence. Methods: In a population study of AD in Cache County, UT, we used a sequenced plan of sampling and case ascertainment to identify 201 cases of AD and 4425 participants with no indication of cognitive impairment. Independently, an interview and Medicine Chest inventory assessed use of several Medicines including aspirin, non-aspirin NSAIDs, H2RAs, and three classes of “control” drugs not thought to be associated with AD. Follow-up questioning probed possible indications for use of these drugs. Results: Compared with cognitively intact individuals, the AD cases had significantly less reported current use of NSAIDs, aspirin, and H2RAs. Stronger associations appeared when subjects reported use of both NSAIDs and aspirin (no H2RAs), two different NSAIDs (no H2RAs), or two different H2RAs (with neither aspirin nor NSAIDs). There was little or no such association with use of the control Medicines. Adjustment for usage indication did not influence these findings, and there was no appreciable variation with number of APOE e4 alleles. Conclusions: As predicted, use of NSAIDs and aspirin were specifically associated with reduced occurrence of AD. Notably, a previous observation of an inverse association of AD and use of H2RAs was also affirmed. Definitive evidence for a preventive action of these agents will require randomized prevention trials.
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prevalence of depression and its treatment in an elderly population the cache county study
Archives of General Psychiatry, 2000Co-Authors: David C Steffens, Ingmar Skoog, Maria C Norton, A D Hart, Joann T Tschanz, Brenda L Plassman, Bonita W Wyse, Kathleen A Welshbohmer, John C S BreitnerAbstract:Background Previous estimates of the prevalence of geriatric depression have varied. There are few large population-based studies; most of these focused on individuals younger than 80 years. No US studies have been published since the advent of the newer antidepressant agents. Methods In 1995 through 1996, as part of a large population study, we examined the current and lifetime prevalence of depressive disorders in 4559 nondemented individuals aged 65 to 100 years. This sample represented 90% of the elderly population of Cache County, Utah. Using a modified version of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule, we ascertained past and present DSM-IV major depression, dysthymia, and subclinical depressive disorders. Medication use was determined through a structured interview and a "Medicine Chest inventory." Results Point prevalence of major depression was estimated at 4.4% in women and 2.7% in men ( P =.003). Other depressive syndromes were surprisingly uncommon (combined point prevalence, 1.6%). Among subjects with current major depression, 35.7% were taking an antidepressant (mostly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and 27.4% a sedative/hypnotic. The current prevalence of major depression did not change appreciably with age. Estimated lifetime prevalence of major depression was 20.4% in women and 9.6% in men ( P Conclusions These estimates for prevalence of major depression are higher than those reported previously in North American studies. Treatment with antidepressants was more common than reported previously, but was still lacking in most individuals with major depression. The prevalence of subsyndromal depressive symptoms was low, possibly because of unusual characteristics of the population.
Noel Bairey C Merz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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gender in cardiovascular Medicine Chest pain and coronary artery disease
European Heart Journal, 2019Co-Authors: Puja K Mehta, Courtney Bess, Suzette E Eliassmale, Viola Vaccarino, Arshed A Quyyumi, Carl J Pepine, Noel Bairey C MerzAbstract:Ischaemic heart disease (IHD) remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among women and men yet women are more often underdiagnosed, have a delay in diagnosis, and/or receive suboptimal treatment. An implicit gender-bias with regard to lack of recognition of sex-related differences in presentation of IHD may, in part, explain these differences in women compared with men. Indeed, existing knowledge demonstrates that angina does not commonly relate to obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD). Emerging knowledge supports an inclusive approach to Chest pain symptoms in women, as well as a more thoughtful consideration of percutaneous coronary intervention for angina in stable obstructive CAD, to avoid chasing our tails. Emerging knowledge regarding the cardiac autonomic nervous system and visceral pain pathways in patients with and without obstructive CAD offers explanatory mechanisms for angina. Interdisciplinary investigation approaches that involve cardiologists, biobehavioural specialists, and anaesthesia/pain specialists to improve angina treatment should be pursued.