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Yeou-mei Christiana Liu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Medium-Chain Triglyceride (MCT) ketogenic therapy.
Epilepsia, 2008Co-Authors: Yeou-mei Christiana LiuAbstract:The Medium-Chain Triglyceride diet (MCTD) is a variant of the classic 4:1 ketogenic diet (KD) introduced in 1971 by Huttenlocher as an attempt to improve the palatability of the KD by allowing more carbohydrates yet preserving ketosis. Although initially found to be equally effective as the classic KD, use of the MCTD declined because of frequent gastrointestinal side effects such as cramps, diarrhea, and vomiting. Recently, we have used the MCTD in more than 50 patients. We have found excellent seizure control, similar to the classic KD, and with careful monitoring, we have encountered minimal side effects. The MCTD should remain a viable dietary option for children with refractory epilepsy who have large appetites, can tolerate more calories, or cannot accept the restrictions of the classic KD.
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Medium‐chain Triglyceride (MCT) ketogenic therapy
Epilepsia, 2008Co-Authors: Yeou-mei Christiana LiuAbstract:The Medium-Chain Triglyceride diet (MCTD) is a variant of the classic 4:1 ketogenic diet (KD) introduced in 1971 by Huttenlocher as an attempt to improve the palatability of the KD by allowing more carbohydrates yet preserving ketosis. Although initially found to be equally effective as the classic KD, use of the MCTD declined because of frequent gastrointestinal side effects such as cramps, diarrhea, and vomiting. Recently, we have used the MCTD in more than 50 patients. We have found excellent seizure control, similar to the classic KD, and with careful monitoring, we have encountered minimal side effects. The MCTD should remain a viable dietary option for children with refractory epilepsy who have large appetites, can tolerate more calories, or cannot accept the restrictions of the classic KD.
Hasan Fevzi Batirel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Case report Isolated primary chylopericardium
1997Co-Authors: Bedrettin Yildizeli, Hasan Fevzi BatirelAbstract:Isolated primary chylopericardum is known to be a rare clinical entity. A 17-year-old girl was diagnosed as isolated primary chylopericardium. She was unresponsive to conservative treatment with pericardial tube drainage and medium chain Triglyceride diet. At 2 weeks after the conservative treatment, ligation and resection of the thoracic duct with establishment of a pericardial window through a left thoracotomy was performed. At 6 months, follow-up showed no accumulation of the pericardial fluid. This case also supports that ligation and resection of the thoracic duct with establishment of a pericardial window is the treatment of choice in isolated primary chylopericardium. © 1997 Elsevier Science B.V.
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isolated primary chylopericardium
European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, 1997Co-Authors: Mustafa Yüksel, Ferzat Zonuzi, Bedrettin Yildizeli, Hasan Fevzi BatirelAbstract:: Isolated primary chylopericardum is known to be a rare clinical entity. A 17-year-old girl was diagnosed as isolated primary chylopericardium. She was unresponsive to conservative treatment with pericardial tube drainage and medium chain Triglyceride diet. At 2 weeks after the conservative treatment, ligation and resection of the thoracic duct with establishment of a pericardial window through a left thoracotomy was performed. At 6 months, follow-up showed no accumulation of the pericardial fluid. This case also supports that ligation and resection of the thoracic duct with establishment of a pericardial window is the treatment of choice in isolated primary chylopericardium.
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isolated primary chylopericardium
The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 1997Co-Authors: Mustafa Yüksel, Ferzat Zonuzi, Bedrettin Yildizeli, Hasan Fevzi BatirelAbstract:Isolated primary chylopericardum is known to be a rare clinical entity. A 17-year-old girl was diagnosed as isolated primary chylopericardium. She was unresponsive to conservative treatment with pericardial tube drainage and medium chain Triglyceride diet. At 2 weeks after the conservative treatment, ligation and resection of the thoracic duct with establishment of a pericardial window through a left thoracotomy was performed. At 6 months, follow-up showed no accumulation of the pericardial fluid. This case also supports that ligation and resection of the thoracic duct with establishment of a pericardial window is the treatment of choice in isolated primary chylopericardium. © 1997 Elsevier Science B.V.
Helen J Cross - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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mechanisms of action for the medium chain Triglyceride ketogenic diet in neurological and metabolic disorders
Lancet Neurology, 2018Co-Authors: Katrin Augustin, Simon J. R. Heales, Aziza Khabbush, Sophie Williams, Simon Eaton, Michael Orford, Helen J Cross, Matthew C Walker, Robin S B WilliamsAbstract:High-fat, low-carbohydrate diets, known as ketogenic diets, have been used as a non-pharmacological treatment for refractory epilepsy. A key mechanism of this treatment is thought to be the generation of ketones, which provide brain cells (neurons and astrocytes) with an energy source that is more efficient than glucose, resulting in beneficial downstream metabolic changes, such as increasing adenosine levels, which might have effects on seizure control. However, some studies have challenged the central role of ketones because Medium-Chain fatty acids, which are part of a commonly used variation of the diet (the Medium-Chain Triglyceride ketogenic diet), have been shown to directly inhibit AMPA receptors (glutamate receptors), and to change cell energetics through mitochondrial biogenesis. Through these mechanisms, Medium-Chain fatty acids rather than ketones are likely to block seizure onset and raise seizure threshold. The mechanisms underlying the ketogenic diet might also have roles in other disorders, such as preventing neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease, the proliferation and spread of cancer, and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes. Analysing Medium-Chain fatty acids in future ketogenic diet studies will provide further insights into their importance in modified forms of the diet. Moreover, the results of these studies could facilitate the development of new pharmacological and dietary therapies for epilepsy and other disorders.
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a randomized trial of classical and medium chain Triglyceride ketogenic diets in the treatment of childhood epilepsy
Epilepsia, 2009Co-Authors: Elizabeth G Neal, Nicole Edwards, Hannah Chaffe, R Schwartz, M Lawson, Georgiana Fitzsimmons, Andrea Whitney, Helen J CrossAbstract:To conduct the first randomized trial on classical and Medium-Chain Triglyceride (MCT) versions of the ketogenic diet, examining efficacy and tolerability after 3, 6, and 12 months.One hundred forty-five children with intractable epilepsy were randomized to receive a classical or an MCT diet. Seizure frequency was assessed after 3, 6, and 12 months. Treatment withdrawals were documented. Tolerability was assessed by questionnaire, and blood ketone levels were measured.Of the 61 children who started a classical diet and the 64 who started an MCT diet, data from 94 were available for analysis: 45 classical and 49 MCT. After 3, 6, and 12 months there were no statistically significant differences in mean percentage of baseline seizures between the two groups (3 months: classical 66.5%, MCT 68.9%; 6 months: classical 48.5%, MCT 67.6%; 12 months: classical 40.8%, MCT 53.2%; all p > 0.05). There were no significant differences between groups in numbers achieving greater than 50% or 90% seizure reduction. Serum acetoacetate and beta-hydroxybutyrate levels at 3 and 6 months were significantly higher in children on the classical diet (p < 0.01); this was the case at 12 months for acetoacetate. There were no significant differences in tolerability except increased reports in the classical group of lack of energy after 3 months and vomiting after 12 months.This study has shown classical and MCT ketogenic diet protocols to be comparable in efficacy and tolerability; both ways of implementing the diet have their place in the treatment of childhood epilepsy.
Mustafa Yüksel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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isolated primary chylopericardium
European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, 1997Co-Authors: Mustafa Yüksel, Ferzat Zonuzi, Bedrettin Yildizeli, Hasan Fevzi BatirelAbstract:: Isolated primary chylopericardum is known to be a rare clinical entity. A 17-year-old girl was diagnosed as isolated primary chylopericardium. She was unresponsive to conservative treatment with pericardial tube drainage and medium chain Triglyceride diet. At 2 weeks after the conservative treatment, ligation and resection of the thoracic duct with establishment of a pericardial window through a left thoracotomy was performed. At 6 months, follow-up showed no accumulation of the pericardial fluid. This case also supports that ligation and resection of the thoracic duct with establishment of a pericardial window is the treatment of choice in isolated primary chylopericardium.
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isolated primary chylopericardium
The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 1997Co-Authors: Mustafa Yüksel, Ferzat Zonuzi, Bedrettin Yildizeli, Hasan Fevzi BatirelAbstract:Isolated primary chylopericardum is known to be a rare clinical entity. A 17-year-old girl was diagnosed as isolated primary chylopericardium. She was unresponsive to conservative treatment with pericardial tube drainage and medium chain Triglyceride diet. At 2 weeks after the conservative treatment, ligation and resection of the thoracic duct with establishment of a pericardial window through a left thoracotomy was performed. At 6 months, follow-up showed no accumulation of the pericardial fluid. This case also supports that ligation and resection of the thoracic duct with establishment of a pericardial window is the treatment of choice in isolated primary chylopericardium. © 1997 Elsevier Science B.V.
Miriam E. Clegg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Coconut oil has less satiating properties than medium chain Triglyceride oil
Physiology & Behavior, 2017Co-Authors: Ray Kinsella, Tyler Maher, Miriam E. CleggAbstract:It is well established that the consumption of Medium-Chain Triglycerides (MCT) can increase satiety and reduce food intake. Many media articles promote the use of coconut oil for weight loss advocating similar health benefits to that of MCT. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of MCT oil compared to coconut oil and control oil on food intake and satiety. Following an overnight fast, participants consumed a test breakfast smoothie containing 205kcal of either (i) MCT oil (ii) coconut oil or (iii) vegetable oil (control) on three separate test days. Participants recorded appetite ratings on visual analogue scales and were presented with an ad libitum lunch meal of preselected sandwiches 180min after consumption of the breakfast. The results showed a significant difference in energy and macronutrient intakes at the ad libitum meal between the three oils with the MCT oil reducing food intake compared to the coconut and control oil. Differences in food intake throughout the day were found for energy and fat, with the control having increased food intake compared to the MCT and coconut. The MCT also increased fullness over the three hours after breakfast compared to the control and coconut oils. The coconut oil was also reported as being less palatable than the MCT oil. The results of this study confirm the differences that exist between MCT and coconut oil such that coconut oil cannot be promoted as having similar effects to MCT oil on food intake and satiety.
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Combined Medium-Chain Triglyceride and chilli feeding increases diet-induced thermogenesis in normal-weight humans
European Journal of Nutrition, 2013Co-Authors: Miriam E. Clegg, Mana Golsorkhi, C. Jeya HenryAbstract:Background and purpose Capsaicin, the active ingredient of chilli, and Medium-Chain Triglycerides (MCT) have been shown to increase diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT), improve satiety and decrease energy intake. Combinations of thermogenic ingredients have previously been investigated such as mustard and chilli, or capsaicin and green tea with positive effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the combined effects of chilli and MCT feeding on DIT and satiety in healthy volunteers. Methods Seven healthy volunteers were tested on four occasions following an overnight fast. Volunteers were fed a breakfast containing chilli and MCT oil, chilli and sunflower oil, bell pepper and sunflower oil or bell pepper and MCT oil. Satiety and gastrointestinal comfort were measured using visual analogue scales (VAS) and category scales. Baseline energy expenditure, and DIT and fat oxidation were measured for 6 h using indirect calorimetry. Results There were significant differences in DIT between the meals ( P = 0.003) which increased from 7.0 % for pepper–sunflower oil to 10.7 % for chilli–MCT oil. The predominant differences existed between the chilli–MCT oil and chilli–sunflower oil ( P = 0.013), between chilli–MCT oil and pepper–sunflower oil ( P = 0.007) and between pepper–sunflower oil and pepper–MCT oil ( P = 0.004). There was a significant difference in fat oxidation between the pepper–sunflower oil and pepper–MCT oil ( P = 0.032). There were no differences in any VAS satiety parameters or gastrointestinal comfort ratings. Conclusion Adding chilli and MCT to meals increases DIT by over 50 % which over time may cumulate to help induce weight loss and prevent weight gain or regain.