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Judith Berman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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topical paromomycin methylbenzethonium chloride plus parenteral Meglumine Antimonate as treatment for american cutaneous leishmaniasis controlled study
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 1998Co-Authors: Jaime Soto, P. Fuya, Rogelio Herrera, Judith BermanAbstract:We determined the efficacy of the combination of the topical formulation 15% paromomycin sulfate/12% methylbenzethonium chloride (MBCL) and a short course (7 days) of parenteral Meglumine Antimonate (pentavalent antimony [Sb]) as treatment of American cutaneous leishmaniasis in Colombian patients. Patients were randomly assigned in unequal allocation (2:1:1:1) to group 1 (topical paromomycin/MBCL plus injectable Sb for 7 days), group 2 (topical placebo plus injectable Sb for 7 days), group 3 (topical paromomycin/MBCL plus injectable Sb for 3 days), and group 4 (injectable Sb for 20 days). Cure was defined as complete reepithelialization of all lesions without relapse. Cure rates among groups were as follows: 58% (34 of 59), group 1; 53% (16 of 30), group 2; 20% (6 of 30), group 3; and 84% (26 of 31), group 4. Seventy-one percent of the organisms identified to the species level were Leishmania braziliensis panamensis. We conclude that 10 days of therapy with paromomycin/MBCL does not augment the response of cutaneous leishmaniasis (predominately due to L. braziliensis panamensis) to a short course of treatment with Meglumine Antimonate.
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successful treatment of new world cutaneous leishmaniasis with a combination of topical paromomycin methylbenzethonium chloride and injectable Meglumine Antimonate
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 1995Co-Authors: Jaime Soto, N. Hernandez, H. Mejia, Max Grogl, Judith BermanAbstract:Colombian patients with New World cutaneous leishmaniasis were treated with a combination of a topical formulation (15% paromomycin sulfate/5% methylbenzethonium chloride, twice a day) and parenteral Meglumine Antimonate (20 mg of antimony [Sb]/[kg.d]). Cohort I received topical therapy for 10 days and Sb for 1 days; 18 (90%) of the 20 patients were cured (follow-up, 12 months). Other clinical data suggested that neither the topical formulation alone nor the 1-day regimen of Sb alone would have cured many patients. In a subsequent cohort, which received topical therapy for 10 days and Sb for 3 days, the cure rate was 42% (eight of 19 patients). In Colombian cohorts (historical controls) treated with Sb alone for 10-15 days, the cure rate was 31%-36%. Side effects in cohort 1 patients consisted of local reactions to the topical formulation: burning and pruritis in 25% of patients and vesicle formation in 15% of patients. This is the first report that a regimen partially composed of topical antimicrobial agents can be highly effective for treatment of New World cutaneous leishmaniasis
Rosana Regina De Saldanha - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Meglumine Antimonate treatment enhances phagocytosis and TNF-α production by monocytes in human cutaneous leishmaniasis.
Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2012Co-Authors: Rosana Regina De Saldanha, Marianna Carminatti Martins-papa, Raimunda Nonata Ribeiro Sampaio, Maria Imaculada Muniz-junqueiraAbstract:This work evaluated phagocytic function, hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), TNF-α and IL-10 production by monocytes and serum INF-γ levels in New World human cutaneous leishmaniasis and the influence of Meglumine Antimonate treatment on these immune functions. The phagocytic capacity of monocytes in untreated Leishmania-infected individuals was significantly (2.5 times) lower than that of healthy controls, and antimonial treatment increased the phagocytosis by monocytes by about five times at the end of therapy. The leishmaniasis patients showed 3.9 times higher H(2)O(2) production than controls and treatment with Meglumine Antimonate did not influence the production of H(2)O(2), which remained enhanced until the end of treatment. Individuals with leishmaniasis showed 6.3 times lower TNF-α production than healthy individuals and Meglumine Antimonate treatment caused a significant increment (11.9 times) in its production. INF-γ serum levels were higher in Leishmania-infected individuals than healthy controls, and the production of IL-10 by monocytes was not influenced by infection or antimonial treatment. Enhancement of monocyte functions by the antimonial treatment suggests that the immunomodulatory effects of the drug may also play a part in the way Meglumine Antimonate acts against the parasite in human leishmaniasis, by directly increasing phagocytosis and TNF-α production.
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Influência do tratamento com N-metil Glucamina sobre a fagocitose, a produção de radicais de oxigênio e de nitrogênio e a produção de FNT-[alfa], IFN-[gama] e IL-10 por fagócitos de indivíduos com leishmaniose tegumentar americana e de camundongos infectados experimentalmente com Leishmania amazonensis
2010Co-Authors: Rosana Regina De SaldanhaAbstract:As leishmanioses são causadas por protozoários do gênero Leishmania e estima-se que 12 milhões de pessoas no mundo estejam infectadas. Os fagócitos são importantes para a defesa contra o parasito, por serem as células hospedeiras e responsáveis pela sua eliminação. A droga de escolha para o tratamento das leishmanioses no Brasil é o antimoniato de N-metil glucamina, e apesar da sua ampla utilização, ainda não possui seu mecanismo de ação elucidado. O presente estudo avaliou a influência do tratamento com o antimoniato de N-metil glucamina sobre a capacidade fagocitária, a produção de peróxido de hidrogênio, de FNT-a, IL-10 e de IFN-g por monócitos de 17 indivíduos portadores de leishmaniose cutânea durante o tratamento com esta droga; e também a sua influência sobre a capacidade fagocitária, a produção de peróxido de hidrogênio e a produção de óxido nítrico pelos macrófagos peritoneais de camundongos BALB/c e C57BL/6 infectados pela Leishmania amazonensis. No estudo em humanos, o índice fagocitário dos indivíduos infectados se mostrou menor do que o dos indivíduos controles. Já no sétimo dia de tratamento dos indivíduos, observou-se aumento na capacidade fagocitária. Os indivíduos infectados apresentaram produção de peróxido de hidrogênio maior do que a dos controles, e o tratamento com o antimoniato de N-metil glucamina não modificou este perfil de produção. A produção de FNT-a dos indivíduos infectados foi menor que a dos controles, e o tratamento aumentou significantemente esta produção. A produção de IL-10 de indivíduos infectados foi muito baixa, detectada em poucos indivíduos, e na vigência do tratamento não foram observadas diferenças entre os grupos. A produção do IFN-g de indivíduos infectados apresentou um pequeno aumento em relação aos controles, mas não se sabe se isto possui significado biológico. O tratamento não influenciou na produção desta citocina. Nos estudos com camundongos, a capacidade fagocitária dos camundongos C57BL/6 controles se mostrou maior do que a dos animais BALB/c. Após a infecção, houve aumento da capacidade fagocitária dos camundongos BALB/c tanto pela infecção como pelo tratamento, enquanto não houve resposta para os animais C57BL6. A produção do peróxido de hidrogênio pelos animais controles foi maior para os camundongos C57BL/6. Entretanto, a produção de peróxido de hidrogênio foi maior para os camundongos BALB/c após o tratamento, enquanto não houve resposta dos animais C57BL/6. Embora a produção de óxido nítrico nas duas linhagens tenha se mostrado baixa, foi maior para os camundongos BALB/c. É possível que esta produção exacerbada de radicais livres pelos animais BALB/c contribua para a patogenia da infecção. O antimonial foi capaz de modificar as funções de fagócitos de seres humanos e de camundongos BALB/c infectados, influenciando a resposta do hospedeiro contra o parasito. A compreensão do modo de ação desta droga não esclarece apenas os mecanismos da relação-parasito hospedeiro, como também contribui para uma terapia mais adequada para as leishmanioses. ______________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTLeishmaniases are caused by protozoans of Leishmania genus and there are an estimated 12 million people infected worldwide. Phagocytes are important in defense against parasite because they are host cells and may eliminate parasite. The Meglumine Antimonate is the drug of choice to treat leishmaniases in Brazil, and in spite of being widely used its mechanism of action remains unknown. This study evaluated the influence of Meglumine Antimonate treatment on phagocytic capacity, hydrogen peroxide production, and TNF-a, IL-10 and IFN-g production by monocytes and/or lymphocytes from 17 cutaneous leishmaniasis individuals during the treatment; and in addition, evaluated the influence of the drug on phagocytic capacity, hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide production by peritoneal macrophages from BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice infected with Leishmania amazonensis. In the study with humans, the phagocytic capacity of leishmaniasis individuals was lower than that of control. The Meglumine Antimonate administration to leishmaniasis subjects caused a significant increase in phagocytosis already observed on the seventieth day of treatment. The leishmaniasis subjects showed higher hydrogen peroxide production than control and treatment with Meglumine Antimonate did not influence the production of this oxygen radical. Leishmaniasis individuals showed significant decrease of TNF-a production and treatment caused a significant increase of this cytokine production. The leishmaniasis subjects showed a very low production of IL-10, and this cytokine was detected in only a few individuals, and during the treatment there was no differences between the studied groups. The IFN-g production by Leishmania infected individuals showed a little increase compared with the controls, but the biological meaning of this phenomenon is unknown. In the study with mice, the phagocytic capacity of C57BL/6 healthy mice was higher than that from BALB/c animals. However, the Leishmania amzonensis infected-BALB/c animals showed higher phagocytic capacity than control animals and there was an increase on phagocytic capacity after Meglumine Antimonate treatment, while there was no influence of the drug or infection for C57BL6 mice. The hydrogen peroxide production was higher in control animals for C57BL6 mice. However, the hydrogen production was higher in BALB/c mice after treatment, but there was no response in C57BL/6 animals. In the same way, although nitric oxide production was low in both inbreed animals, this production was higher to the BALB/c animals. It is possible that this enhanced radical oxygen species production by the BALB/c animals may contribute to the severity of lesions observed. Our data showed that the Meglumine Antimonate could interfere in the phagocyte functions of humans and infected-BALB/c mice, showing that this drug may influence in the host-parasite response. These findings shed some light on the understanding of host-parasite relationship and it may improve the treatment of Leishmania infected-individuals
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Influência do tratamento com N-metil Glucamina sobre a fagocitose, a produção de radicais de oxigênio e de nitrogênio e a produção de FNT-[alfa], IFN-[gama] e IL-10 por fagócitos de indivíduos com leishmaniose tegumentar americana e de camundongos infectados experimentalmente com Leishmania amazonensis
2009Co-Authors: Rosana Regina De SaldanhaAbstract:Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Medicina, 2009.As leishmanioses são causadas por protozoários do gênero Leishmania e estima-se que 12 milhões de pessoas no mundo estejam infectadas. Os fagócitos são importantes para a defesa contra o parasito, por serem as células hospedeiras e responsáveis pela sua eliminação. A droga de escolha para o tratamento das leishmanioses no Brasil é o antimoniato de N-metil glucamina, e apesar da sua ampla utilização, ainda não possui seu mecanismo de ação elucidado. O presente estudo avaliou a influência do tratamento com o antimoniato de N-metil glucamina sobre a capacidade fagocitária, a produção de peróxido de hidrogênio, de FNT-a, IL-10 e de IFN-g por monócitos de 17 indivíduos portadores de leishmaniose cutânea durante o tratamento com esta droga; e também a sua influência sobre a capacidade fagocitária, a produção de peróxido de hidrogênio e a produção de óxido nítrico pelos macrófagos peritoneais de camundongos BALB/c e C57BL/6 infectados pela Leishmania amazonensis. No estudo em humanos, o índice fagocitário dos indivíduos infectados se mostrou menor do que o dos indivíduos controles. Já no sétimo dia de tratamento dos indivíduos, observou-se aumento na capacidade fagocitária. Os indivíduos infectados apresentaram produção de peróxido de hidrogênio maior do que a dos controles, e o tratamento com o antimoniato de N-metil glucamina não modificou este perfil de produção. A produção de FNT-a dos indivíduos infectados foi menor que a dos controles, e o tratamento aumentou significantemente esta produção. A produção de IL-10 de indivíduos infectados foi muito baixa, detectada em poucos indivíduos, e na vigência do tratamento não foram observadas diferenças entre os grupos. A produção do IFN-g de indivíduos infectados apresentou um pequeno aumento em relação aos controles, mas não se sabe se isto possui significado biológico. O tratamento não influenciou na produção desta citocina. Nos estudos com camundongos, a capacidade fagocitária dos camundongos C57BL/6 controles se mostrou maior do que a dos animais BALB/c. Após a infecção, houve aumento da capacidade fagocitária dos camundongos BALB/c tanto pela infecção como pelo tratamento, enquanto não houve resposta para os animais C57BL6. A produção do peróxido de hidrogênio pelos animais controles foi maior para os camundongos C57BL/6. Entretanto, a produção de peróxido de hidrogênio foi maior para os camundongos BALB/c após o tratamento, enquanto não houve resposta dos animais C57BL/6. Embora a produção de óxido nítrico nas duas linhagens tenha se mostrado baixa, foi maior para os camundongos BALB/c. É possível que esta produção exacerbada de radicais livres pelos animais BALB/c contribua para a patogenia da infecção. O antimonial foi capaz de modificar as funções de fagócitos de seres humanos e de camundongos BALB/c infectados, influenciando a resposta do hospedeiro contra o parasito. A compreensão do modo de ação desta droga não esclarece apenas os mecanismos da relação-parasito hospedeiro, como também contribui para uma terapia mais adequada para as leishmanioses. ______________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTLeishmaniases are caused by protozoans of Leishmania genus and there are an estimated 12 million people infected worldwide. Phagocytes are important in defense against parasite because they are host cells and may eliminate parasite. The Meglumine Antimonate is the drug of choice to treat leishmaniases in Brazil, and in spite of being widely used its mechanism of action remains unknown. This study evaluated the influence of Meglumine Antimonate treatment on phagocytic capacity, hydrogen peroxide production, and TNF-a, IL-10 and IFN-g production by monocytes and/or lymphocytes from 17 cutaneous leishmaniasis individuals during the treatment; and in addition, evaluated the influence of the drug on phagocytic capacity, hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide production by peritoneal macrophages from BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice infected with Leishmania amazonensis. In the study with humans, the phagocytic capacity of leishmaniasis individuals was lower than that of control. The Meglumine Antimonate administration to leishmaniasis subjects caused a significant increase in phagocytosis already observed on the seventieth day of treatment. The leishmaniasis subjects showed higher hydrogen peroxide production than control and treatment with Meglumine Antimonate did not influence the production of this oxygen radical. Leishmaniasis individuals showed significant decrease of TNF-a production and treatment caused a significant increase of this cytokine production. The leishmaniasis subjects showed a very low production of IL-10, and this cytokine was detected in only a few individuals, and during the treatment there was no differences between the studied groups. The IFN-g production by Leishmania infected individuals showed a little increase compared with the controls, but the biological meaning of this phenomenon is unknown. In the study with mice, the phagocytic capacity of C57BL/6 healthy mice was higher than that from BALB/c animals. However, the Leishmania amzonensis infected-BALB/c animals showed higher phagocytic capacity than control animals and there was an increase on phagocytic capacity after Meglumine Antimonate treatment, while there was no influence of the drug or infection for C57BL6 mice. The hydrogen peroxide production was higher in control animals for C57BL6 mice. However, the hydrogen production was higher in BALB/c mice after treatment, but there was no response in C57BL/6 animals. In the same way, although nitric oxide production was low in both inbreed animals, this production was higher to the BALB/c animals. It is possible that this enhanced radical oxygen species production by the BALB/c animals may contribute to the severity of lesions observed. Our data showed that the Meglumine Antimonate could interfere in the phagocyte functions of humans and infected-BALB/c mice, showing that this drug may influence in the host-parasite response. These findings shed some light on the understanding of host-parasite relationship and it may improve the treatment of Leishmania infected-individuals
Jaime Soto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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topical paromomycin methylbenzethonium chloride plus parenteral Meglumine Antimonate as treatment for american cutaneous leishmaniasis controlled study
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 1998Co-Authors: Jaime Soto, P. Fuya, Rogelio Herrera, Judith BermanAbstract:We determined the efficacy of the combination of the topical formulation 15% paromomycin sulfate/12% methylbenzethonium chloride (MBCL) and a short course (7 days) of parenteral Meglumine Antimonate (pentavalent antimony [Sb]) as treatment of American cutaneous leishmaniasis in Colombian patients. Patients were randomly assigned in unequal allocation (2:1:1:1) to group 1 (topical paromomycin/MBCL plus injectable Sb for 7 days), group 2 (topical placebo plus injectable Sb for 7 days), group 3 (topical paromomycin/MBCL plus injectable Sb for 3 days), and group 4 (injectable Sb for 20 days). Cure was defined as complete reepithelialization of all lesions without relapse. Cure rates among groups were as follows: 58% (34 of 59), group 1; 53% (16 of 30), group 2; 20% (6 of 30), group 3; and 84% (26 of 31), group 4. Seventy-one percent of the organisms identified to the species level were Leishmania braziliensis panamensis. We conclude that 10 days of therapy with paromomycin/MBCL does not augment the response of cutaneous leishmaniasis (predominately due to L. braziliensis panamensis) to a short course of treatment with Meglumine Antimonate.
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successful treatment of new world cutaneous leishmaniasis with a combination of topical paromomycin methylbenzethonium chloride and injectable Meglumine Antimonate
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 1995Co-Authors: Jaime Soto, N. Hernandez, H. Mejia, Max Grogl, Judith BermanAbstract:Colombian patients with New World cutaneous leishmaniasis were treated with a combination of a topical formulation (15% paromomycin sulfate/5% methylbenzethonium chloride, twice a day) and parenteral Meglumine Antimonate (20 mg of antimony [Sb]/[kg.d]). Cohort I received topical therapy for 10 days and Sb for 1 days; 18 (90%) of the 20 patients were cured (follow-up, 12 months). Other clinical data suggested that neither the topical formulation alone nor the 1-day regimen of Sb alone would have cured many patients. In a subsequent cohort, which received topical therapy for 10 days and Sb for 3 days, the cure rate was 42% (eight of 19 patients). In Colombian cohorts (historical controls) treated with Sb alone for 10-15 days, the cure rate was 31%-36%. Side effects in cohort 1 patients consisted of local reactions to the topical formulation: burning and pruritis in 25% of patients and vesicle formation in 15% of patients. This is the first report that a regimen partially composed of topical antimicrobial agents can be highly effective for treatment of New World cutaneous leishmaniasis
Jörg M Steiner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Prospective evaluation of serum pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity and troponin I concentrations in Leishmania infantum-infected dogs treated with Meglumine Antimonate.
Veterinary parasitology, 2014Co-Authors: Panagiotis G Xenoulis, Manolis N Saridomichelakis, Manolis K Chatzis, Dimitris Kasabalis, Theodoros Petanides, Jan S Suchodolski, Jörg M SteinerAbstract:Canine leishmaniosis (CanL) caused by Leishmania infantum is an important zoonotic disease. One of the most commonly used drugs for the treatment of CanL is Meglumine Antimonate. Drugs of this class have been associated with pancreatitis and cardiotoxicity in humans infected with Leishmania spp. The aim of this study was to measure serum canine pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity (Spec cPL) and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) concentrations in dogs with leishmaniosis during treatment with Meglumine Antimonate, and to compare them with those of dogs with leishmaniosis not treated with this drug. A total of 30 non-uremic dogs with leishmaniosis, living in Greece, were prospectively enrolled into the study. Of the 30 dogs, 20 (Group A) were treated with a combination of Meglumine Antimonate (100mg/kg, SC, q24 h) and allopurinol (10mg/kg, PO, q12h) for 28 days, while 10 dogs (Group B) were treated with allopurinol alone (10mg/kg, PO, q12h) for 28 days. Blood samples were collected at timepoint 0 (before treatment) and at 14 and 28 days after the initiation of treatment. None of the dogs treated with Meglumine antiomonate had a Spec cPL concentration suggestive of pancreatitis (≥ 400 μg/L) or clinical signs suggestive of pancreatitis at any of the timepoints. Similarly, none of the dogs treated with Meglumine antiomonate had a serum cTnI concentration above the upper limit of the reference range (>0.5 ng/mL) or clinical evidence of cardiotoxicity at any of the 3 timepoints. In the present study, Meglumine Antimonate treatment in dogs with leishmaniosis did not result in clinical or laboratory evidence of either pancreatitis or cardiotoxicity.
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thyroid function in 36 dogs with leishmaniosis due to leishmania infantum before and during treatment with allopurinol with or without Meglumine Antimonate
Veterinary Parasitology, 2013Co-Authors: Manolis N Saridomichelakis, Panagiotis G Xenoulis, Manolis K Chatzis, Dimitris Kasabalis, Jan S Suchodolski, Jörg M Steiner, Theodoros PetanidesAbstract:Abstract Hypothyroidism may predispose to the development of canine leishmaniosis or it may appear during the course of the latter due to infiltration and destruction of the thyroid gland by infected macrophages. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate thyroid function through measurement of serum total thyroxin (tT 4 ), free thyroxin (fT 4 ), and canine thyroid stimulating hormone (cTSH) concentrations in 36 dogs with leishmaniosis, before and after 2 and 4 weeks of treatment with allopurinol with or without Meglumine Antimonate. Before treatment 27/36 (75%) dogs had serum tT 4 concentrations below the lower limit of the reference interval but only 2 of them had concurrently serum fT 4 concentrations below the lower limit of the reference interval and none had increased serum cTSH concentrations. During treatment there were no significant changes in serum tT 4 or fT 4 concentrations, whereas a significant increase in serum cTSH was observed. Two dogs had decreased serum tT 4 and fT 4 but normal cTSH concentrations before treatment and two other dogs had decreased serum tT 4 and increased cTSH, but normal fT 4 concentrations during the treatment period. Although hypothyroidism could not be definitively excluded in these dogs it is considered unlikely based on their overall hormonal profile, clinical presentation, and response to treatment. Therefore, hypothyroidism does not appear to be an important predisposing disease or a frequent complication of canine leishmaniosis.
Theodoros Petanides - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Prospective evaluation of serum pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity and troponin I concentrations in Leishmania infantum-infected dogs treated with Meglumine Antimonate.
Veterinary parasitology, 2014Co-Authors: Panagiotis G Xenoulis, Manolis N Saridomichelakis, Manolis K Chatzis, Dimitris Kasabalis, Theodoros Petanides, Jan S Suchodolski, Jörg M SteinerAbstract:Canine leishmaniosis (CanL) caused by Leishmania infantum is an important zoonotic disease. One of the most commonly used drugs for the treatment of CanL is Meglumine Antimonate. Drugs of this class have been associated with pancreatitis and cardiotoxicity in humans infected with Leishmania spp. The aim of this study was to measure serum canine pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity (Spec cPL) and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) concentrations in dogs with leishmaniosis during treatment with Meglumine Antimonate, and to compare them with those of dogs with leishmaniosis not treated with this drug. A total of 30 non-uremic dogs with leishmaniosis, living in Greece, were prospectively enrolled into the study. Of the 30 dogs, 20 (Group A) were treated with a combination of Meglumine Antimonate (100mg/kg, SC, q24 h) and allopurinol (10mg/kg, PO, q12h) for 28 days, while 10 dogs (Group B) were treated with allopurinol alone (10mg/kg, PO, q12h) for 28 days. Blood samples were collected at timepoint 0 (before treatment) and at 14 and 28 days after the initiation of treatment. None of the dogs treated with Meglumine antiomonate had a Spec cPL concentration suggestive of pancreatitis (≥ 400 μg/L) or clinical signs suggestive of pancreatitis at any of the timepoints. Similarly, none of the dogs treated with Meglumine antiomonate had a serum cTnI concentration above the upper limit of the reference range (>0.5 ng/mL) or clinical evidence of cardiotoxicity at any of the 3 timepoints. In the present study, Meglumine Antimonate treatment in dogs with leishmaniosis did not result in clinical or laboratory evidence of either pancreatitis or cardiotoxicity.
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thyroid function in 36 dogs with leishmaniosis due to leishmania infantum before and during treatment with allopurinol with or without Meglumine Antimonate
Veterinary Parasitology, 2013Co-Authors: Manolis N Saridomichelakis, Panagiotis G Xenoulis, Manolis K Chatzis, Dimitris Kasabalis, Jan S Suchodolski, Jörg M Steiner, Theodoros PetanidesAbstract:Abstract Hypothyroidism may predispose to the development of canine leishmaniosis or it may appear during the course of the latter due to infiltration and destruction of the thyroid gland by infected macrophages. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate thyroid function through measurement of serum total thyroxin (tT 4 ), free thyroxin (fT 4 ), and canine thyroid stimulating hormone (cTSH) concentrations in 36 dogs with leishmaniosis, before and after 2 and 4 weeks of treatment with allopurinol with or without Meglumine Antimonate. Before treatment 27/36 (75%) dogs had serum tT 4 concentrations below the lower limit of the reference interval but only 2 of them had concurrently serum fT 4 concentrations below the lower limit of the reference interval and none had increased serum cTSH concentrations. During treatment there were no significant changes in serum tT 4 or fT 4 concentrations, whereas a significant increase in serum cTSH was observed. Two dogs had decreased serum tT 4 and fT 4 but normal cTSH concentrations before treatment and two other dogs had decreased serum tT 4 and increased cTSH, but normal fT 4 concentrations during the treatment period. Although hypothyroidism could not be definitively excluded in these dogs it is considered unlikely based on their overall hormonal profile, clinical presentation, and response to treatment. Therefore, hypothyroidism does not appear to be an important predisposing disease or a frequent complication of canine leishmaniosis.