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Lynn E Delisi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • abnormal interactions of verbal and spatial Memory networks in young people at familial high risk for schizophrenia
    Schizophrenia Research, 2016
    Co-Authors: Heidi W Thermenos, Yoko Momura, Matcheri S Keshavan, Larry J Seidman, Lynn E Delisi
    Abstract:

    Abstract Background Working Memory impairment (especially in verbal and spatial domains) is the core neurocognitive impairment in schizophrenia and the familial high-risk (FHR) population. Inconsistent results have been reported in clinical and neuroimaging studies examining the verbal- and spatial-Memory deficits in the FHR subjects, due to sample differences and lack of understanding on interactions of the brain regions for processing verbal- and spatial-working Memory. Methods Functional MRI data acquired during a verbal- vs. spatial-Memory task were included from 51 young adults [26 FHR and 25 controls]. Group comparisons were conducted in brain activation patterns responding to 1) verbal-Memory Condition (A), 2) spatial-Memory Condition (B), 3) verbal higher than spatial (A–B), 4) spatial higher than verbal (B–A), 5) conjunction of brain regions that were activated during both A and B (A ∧ B). Group difference of the laterality index (LI) in inferior frontal lobe for Condition A was also assessed. Results Compared to controls, the FHR group exhibited significantly decreased brain activity in left inferior frontal during A, and significantly stronger involvement of ACC, PCC, paracentral gyrus for the contrast of A–B. The LI showed a trend of reduced left-higher-than-right pattern for verbal-Memory processing in the HR group. Conclusions Our findings suggest that in the entire functional brain network for working-Memory processing, verbal information processing associated brain pathways are significantly altered in people at familial high risk for developing schizophrenia. Future studies will need to examine whether these alterations may indicate vulnerability for predicting the onset of Schizophrenia.

  • Abnormal interactions of verbal- and spatial-Memory networks in young people at familial high-risk for schizophrenia.
    Schizophrenia research, 2016
    Co-Authors: Heidi W Thermenos, Yoko Momura, Matcheri Keshavan, Lawrence Seidman, Lynn E Delisi
    Abstract:

    Working Memory impairment (especially in verbal and spatial domains) is the core neurocognitive impairment in schizophrenia and the familial high-risk (FHR) population. Inconsistent results have been reported in clinical and neuroimaging studies examining the verbal- and spatial-Memory deficits in the FHR subjects, due to sample differences and lack of understanding on interactions of the brain regions for processing verbal- and spatial-working Memory. Functional MRI data acquired during a verbal- vs. spatial-Memory task were included from 51 young adults [26 FHR and 25 controls]. Group comparisons were conducted in brain activation patterns responding to 1) verbal-Memory Condition (A), 2) spatial-Memory Condition (B), 3) verbal higher than spatial (A-B), 4) spatial higher than verbal (B-A), 5) conjunction of brain regions that were activated during both A and B (A∧B). Group difference of the laterality index (LI) in inferior frontal lobe for Condition A was also assessed. Compared to controls, the FHR group exhibited significantly decreased brain activity in left inferior frontal during A, and significantly stronger involvement of ACC, PCC, paracentral gyrus for the contrast of A-B. The LI showed a trend of reduced left-higher-than-right pattern for verbal-Memory processing in the HR group. Our findings suggest that in the entire functional brain network for working-Memory processing, verbal information processing associated brain pathways are significantly altered in people at familial high risk for developing schizophrenia. Future studies will need to examine whether these alterations may indicate vulnerability for predicting the onset of Schizophrenia. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Mauro Santos - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Jum-ran Kang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Sun Hye Park - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Bryan J. Zolnikov - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Verbal and spatial working Memory performance among HIV-infected adults.
    Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS, 2002
    Co-Authors: Charles H. Hinkin, David J. Hardy, Karen I. Mason, Steven A. Castellon, Mona N. Lam, M. Stefaniak, Bryan J. Zolnikov
    Abstract:

    Subtypes of working Memory performance were examined in a cohort of 50 HIV-infected adults and 23 uninfected controls using an n-back paradigm (2-back) in which alphabetic stimuli were quasi-randomly presented to a quadrant of a computer monitor. In the verbal working Memory Condition, participants determined whether each successive letter matched the letter that appeared two previously in the series, regardless of spatial location. In the spatial working Memory Condition, participants determined whether each letter matched the spatial location of the letter that had appeared two previously, regardless of letter identity. The dependent variable was percent accuracy in each Condition. Results of mixed model ANOVA revealed that the HIV-infected participants performed significantly worse than controls on both the verbal and spatial working Memory tasks. A significant main effect for working Memory Condition was also present with both participant groups performing better on the spatial working Memory task. These results, the first study of HIV-infected adults to directly compare verbal versus spatial working Memory performance using the identical test stimuli across task Conditions, suggests that HIV infection is associated with a decrement in working Memory efficiency that is equally apparent for both verbal and spatial processing. These findings implicate central executive dysfunction as a likely substrate and provide the basis for hypothesizing that decline in working Memory may contribute to other HIV-associated neuropsychological deficits. (JINS, 2002, 8, 532–538.)