The Experts below are selected from a list of 11304 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Minsuk Kang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • visual attribute modulates the time course of iconic Memory Decay
    Visual Cognition, 2018
    Co-Authors: Woojong Yi, Minsuk Kang
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACTStudies on iconic Memory demonstrate that rich information from a visual scene quickly becomes unavailable with the passage of time. The Decay rate of iconic Memory refers to the dynamics of Memory availability. The present study investigated the iconic Memory Decay of different stimulus attributes that comprised an object. Specifically, in Experiment 1, participants were presented with eight coloured numbers (e.g., red 4) and required to remember only one attribute, either colour or number, over different blocks of trials. The participants then reported the cued attribute in which the cue Stimulus Onset Asynchrony (SOA) from the Memory array onset was varied (0, 100, 200, 300, 500, and 1000 ms). We found that numerical information became unavailable more quickly than colour information, despite the fact that the Memory accuracies at 0 and 1000 ms SOAs were comparable between the two attributes. In Experiment 2, we replicated the finding that a numerical representation was lost more quickly than a...

  • Visual attribute modulates the time course of iconic Memory Decay
    Visual Cognition, 2017
    Co-Authors: Minsuk Kang, Kyoung Min Lee
    Abstract:

    Studies on iconic Memory demonstrate that rich information from a visual scene quickly becomes unavailable with the passage of time. The Decay rate of iconic Memory refers to the dynamics of Memory...

Robert Sekuler - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Visual Memory Decay Is Deterministic
    Psychological science, 2005
    Co-Authors: Jason M. Gold, Richard F. Murray, Allison B. Sekuler, Patrick J. Bennett, Robert Sekuler
    Abstract:

    After observers see an object or pattern, their visual Memory of what they have seen Decays slowly over time. Nearly all current theories of vision assume that Decay of short-term Memory occurs because visual representations are progressively and randomly corrupted as time passes. We tested this assumption using psychophysical noise-masking methods, and we found that visual Memory Decays in a completely deterministic fashion. This surprising finding challenges current ideas about visual Memory and sets a goal for future Memory research: to characterize the deterministic “forgetting function” that describes how memories Decay over time.

Kyoung Min Lee - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Woojong Yi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • visual attribute modulates the time course of iconic Memory Decay
    Visual Cognition, 2018
    Co-Authors: Woojong Yi, Minsuk Kang
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACTStudies on iconic Memory demonstrate that rich information from a visual scene quickly becomes unavailable with the passage of time. The Decay rate of iconic Memory refers to the dynamics of Memory availability. The present study investigated the iconic Memory Decay of different stimulus attributes that comprised an object. Specifically, in Experiment 1, participants were presented with eight coloured numbers (e.g., red 4) and required to remember only one attribute, either colour or number, over different blocks of trials. The participants then reported the cued attribute in which the cue Stimulus Onset Asynchrony (SOA) from the Memory array onset was varied (0, 100, 200, 300, 500, and 1000 ms). We found that numerical information became unavailable more quickly than colour information, despite the fact that the Memory accuracies at 0 and 1000 ms SOAs were comparable between the two attributes. In Experiment 2, we replicated the finding that a numerical representation was lost more quickly than a...

Jonas Obleser - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Temporal Expectation Modulates the Cortical Dynamics of Short-Term Memory.
    The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2018
    Co-Authors: Anna Wilsch, Molly J. Henry, Björn Herrmann, Christoph Herrmann, Jonas Obleser
    Abstract:

    Increased Memory load is often signified by enhanced neural oscillatory power in the alpha range (8--13 Hz), taken to reflect inhibition of task-irrelevant brain regions. The corresponding neural correlates of Memory Decay, however, are not yet well-understood. In the current study, we investigated auditory short-term Memory Decay in humans (male and female) using a delayed matching-to-sample task with pure-tone sequences. First, in a behavioral experiment we modeled Memory performance over six different delay-phase durations. Second, in a magnetoencephalography (MEG) experiment, we assessed alpha-power modulations over three different delay-phase durations. In both experiments, the temporal expectation for the to-be-remembered sound was manipulated, so that it was either temporally expected or not. In both studies, Memory performance declined over time but this decline was weaker when the onset time of the to-be-remembered sound was expected. Similarly, patterns of alpha power in and alpha-tuned connectivity between sensory cortices changed parametrically with delay duration (i.e., decrease in occipito-parietal regions, increase in temporal regions). Notably, temporal expectation not only counteracted alpha-power decline in heteromodal brain areas (i.e., supramarginal gyrus), but also had a beneficial effect on Memory Decay counteracting Memory-performance decline. Correspondingly, temporal expectation also boosted alpha connectivity within attention networks known to play an active role during Memory maintenance. The present data show how patterns of alpha power orchestrate short-term Memory Decay, and encourage a more nuanced perspective on alpha power across brain space and time beyond its inhibitory role. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Our sensory memories of the physical world fade quickly. We show here that this Decay of short-term Memory can be counteracted by so-called temporal expectation, that is, knowledge of when to expect a sensory event that an individual must remember. We also show that neural oscillations in the “alpha” (8—13 Hz) range index both the degree of Memory Decay (for brief sound patterns) and the respective Memory benefit from temporal expectation. Spatially distributed cortical patterns of alpha power show opposing effects in auditory vs. visual sensory cortices. Moreover, alpha-tuned connectivity changes within supramodal attention networks reflect the allocation of neural resources as short-term Memory representations fade.

  • Temporal expectation modulates cortical dynamics of sensory Memory
    2017
    Co-Authors: Anna Wilsch, Molly J. Henry, Björn Herrmann, Christoph Herrmann, Jonas Obleser
    Abstract:

    Increased Memory load is often signified by enhanced neural oscillatory power in the alpha range (8-13 Hz), taken to reflect inhibition of task-irrelevant brain regions. The corresponding neural correlates of Memory Decay, however, are not yet well-understood. Here, we investigated auditory sensory Memory Decay using a delayed matching-to-sample task with pure-tone sequences. First, in a behavioral experiment we modeled Memory behavior over six different delay-phase durations. Second, in a magnetoencephalography (MEG) experiment, we assessed alpha-power modulations over three different delay-phase durations. In both experiments, the temporal expectation for the to be remembered sound was manipulated, so that it was either temporally expected or not. In both studies, Memory performance declined over time but this decline was less strong under a more precise temporal expectation. Similarly, patterns of alpha power in and alpha-tuned connectivity between sensory cortices changed parametrically with delay duration (i.e., decrease in occipito-parietal regions, increase in temporal regions). Notably, temporal expectation counteracted alpha-power decline in heteromodal brain areas (i.e., supramarginal gyrus), in line with its Memory-Decay counteracting effect on performance. Correspondingly, temporal expectation also boosted alpha connectivity within attention networks known to play an active role during Memory maintenance. The present data outline how patterns of alpha power orchestrate sensory Memory Decay, and encourage a refined perspective on alpha power and its inhibitory role across brain space and time.

  • What works in auditory working Memory? A neural oscillations perspective
    Brain Research, 2016
    Co-Authors: Anna Wilsch, Jonas Obleser
    Abstract:

    Working Memory is a limited resource: brains can only maintain small amounts of sensory input (Memory load) over a brief period of time (Memory Decay). The dynamics of slow neural oscillations as recorded using magneto- and electroencephalography (M/EEG) provide a window into the neural mechanics of these limitations. Especially oscillations in the alpha range (8-13Hz) are a sensitive marker for Memory load. Moreover, according to current models, the resultant working Memory load is determined by the relative noise in the neural representation of maintained information. The auditory domain allows Memory researchers to apply and test the concept of noise quite literally: Employing degraded stimulus acoustics increases Memory load and, at the same time, allows assessing the cognitive resources required to process speech in noise in an ecologically valid and clinically relevant way. The present review first summarizes recent findings on neural oscillations, especially alpha power, and how they reflect Memory load and Memory Decay in auditory working Memory. The focus is specifically on Memory load resulting from acoustic degradation. These findings are then contrasted with contextual factors that benefit neural as well as behavioral markers of Memory performance, by reducing representational noise. We end on discussing the functional role of alpha power in auditory working Memory and suggest extensions of the current methodological toolkit. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled SI: Auditory working Memory.