The Experts below are selected from a list of 285 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
A Volpe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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serum anti mullerian hormone throughout the human Menstrual Cycle
Human Reproduction, 2006Co-Authors: A La Marca, Gaspare Stabile, Carducci A Artenisio, A VolpeAbstract:BACKGROUND: The anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) is a member of the transforming growth factor (TGF) superfamily. In women, AMH serum levels can be almost undetectable at birth, with a subtle increase noted after puberty. Data are lacking with regard to Menstrual Cycle day-to-day fluctuations. This longitudinal study was designed to investigate the pattern of secretion of AMH throughout the Menstrual Cycle in regularly cycling women. METHODS: Twelve healthy female subjects aged 18–24 years participated in this study. Blood samples were taken every other day throughout one Menstrual Cycle. Serum FSH, LH, estradiol (E 2 ), progesterone, inhibin B and AMH levels were assayed by double-antibody radioimmunoassay using commercial kits. RESULTS: Serum AMH in the first days of the Menstrual Cycle (days -14 to -12) was 3.8 ± 1.2 ng/ml (mean ± SD). No significant changes were observed in serum AMH levels throughout the Menstrual Cycle. The highest value was 3.9 ± 1.3 ng/ml at day -12 and the lowest value was 3.4 ± 1.1 ng/ml at day 14, and the difference was not significant. CONCLUSION: In this study, we demonstrated that serum AMH levels do not change significantly throughout the Menstrual Cycle. Hence, AMH exhibits a relatively stable expression during the Menstrual Cycle, making it an attractive determinant of ovarian activity.
Jason D. Vescovi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Menstrual Cycle and Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Risk
Sports Medicine, 2011Co-Authors: Jason D. VescoviAbstract:The Menstrual Cycle and associated hormonal fluctuations are considered risk factors for non-contact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in female athletes. Researchers have used a ‘normal’ 28-day Cycle and relied upon Menstrual history questionnaires or a biological sample (i.e. blood, saliva) taken on a single day to identify the phase of the Menstrual Cycle where an ACL tear has occurred. However, evidence from available studies lack adequate consideration of Menstrual Cycle variability that exists in the general population and neglect to acknowledge the greater prevalence of subtle Menstrual disturbances in physically active and athletic women. Inter- and intra-woman Menstrual Cycle variability is large for total Cycle, follicular phase and luteal phase length ranging from22 to 36, 9 to 23 and 8 to 17 days, respectively (95% CI). More importantly, subtle Menstrual disturbances such as anovulation and luteal phase defects are common in athletic women with a high prevalence of Cycle-to-Cycle variations. To complicate matters further, Menstrual history questionnaires inaccurately quantify Cycle length compared with prospective monitoring of Cycle length, highlighting the need to implement more sophisticated methods for identifying Menstrual Cycle/phase characteristics. Regardless of variability and/or the presence of subtle Menstrual disturbances, women may still have regularly occurring menses, making it extremely difficult to accurately identify the phase of the Menstrual Cycle where an ACL tear has occurred based on a Menstrual history questionnaire or a single biological sample. Therefore, the assumption that normal ovarian endocrine function is synonymous with regularly occurring menses in physically active and athletic women is unjustified. Thus, definitive conclusions are not warranted regarding the association between the Menstrual Cycle and non-contact ACL injury risk based on currently available data. Future work in this area must incorporate methods to prospectively evaluate and accurately characterize Menstrual Cycle characteristics if we are to link the hormonal fluctuations of the Menstrual Cycle to non-contact ACL injury risk.
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The Menstrual Cycle and anterior cruciate ligament injury risk: implications of Menstrual Cycle variability.
Sports Medicine, 2011Co-Authors: Jason D. VescoviAbstract:The Menstrual Cycle and associated hormonal fluctuations are considered risk factors for non-contact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in female athletes. Researchers have used a ‘normal’ 28-day Cycle and relied upon Menstrual history questionnaires or a biological sample (i.e. blood, saliva) taken on a single day to identify the phase of the Menstrual Cycle where an ACL tear has occurred. However, evidence from available studies lack adequate consideration of Menstrual Cycle variability that exists in the general population and neglect to acknowledge the greater prevalence of subtle Menstrual disturbances in physically active and athletic women. Inter- and intra-woman Menstrual Cycle variability is large for total Cycle, follicular phase and luteal phase length ranging from22 to 36, 9 to 23 and 8 to 17 days, respectively (95% CI). More importantly, subtle Menstrual disturbances such as anovulation and luteal phase defects are common in athletic women with a high prevalence of Cycle-to-Cycle variations. To complicate matters further, Menstrual history questionnaires inaccurately quantify Cycle length compared with prospective monitoring of Cycle length, highlighting the need to implement more sophisticated methods for identifying Menstrual Cycle/phase characteristics. Regardless of variability and/or the presence of subtle Menstrual disturbances, women may still have regularly occurring menses, making it extremely difficult to accurately identify the phase of the Menstrual Cycle where an ACL tear has occurred based on a Menstrual history questionnaire or a single biological sample. Therefore, the assumption that normal ovarian endocrine function is synonymous with regularly occurring menses in physically active and athletic women is unjustified. Thus, definitive conclusions are not warranted regarding the association between the Menstrual Cycle and non-contact ACL injury risk based on currently available data. Future work in this area must incorporate methods to prospectively evaluate and accurately characterize Menstrual Cycle characteristics if we are to link the hormonal fluctuations of the Menstrual Cycle to non-contact ACL injury risk.
Alan D. Rogol - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Physical Exercise and Menstrual Cycle Alterations
Sports Medicine, 1990Co-Authors: Hans A. Keizer, Alan D. RogolAbstract:The prevalence of Menstrual Cycle alterations in athletes is considerably higher than in sedentary controls. There appears to be a multicausal aetiology, which makes it extremely difficult to dissociate the effects of physical exercise on the Menstrual Cycle from the other predisposing factors. From cross-sectional studies it appeared that physical training eventually might lead to shortening of the luteal phase and secondary amenorrhoea. Prospective studies in both trained and previously untrained women have shown that the amount and/or the intensity of exercise has to exceed a certain limit in order to elicit this phenomenon. We hypothesise, therefore, that apart from a certain predisposition, athletes with a training-induced altered Menstrual Cycle are overreached (short term overtraining, which is reversible in days to weeks after training reduction). Menstrual Cycle alterations are most likely caused by subtle changes in the episodic secretion pattern of luteinising hormone (LH) as have been found in sedentary women with hypothalamic amenorrhoea as well as in athletes after very demanding training. The altered LH secretion then, might be caused by an increased corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) secretion which inhibits the gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) release. In addition, increased CRH tone will lead to increased β -endorphin levels which will also inhibit the GnRH signaller. Finally, the continuous activation of the adrenals will result in a higher catecholamine production, which may be converted to catecholestrogens. These compounds are known to be potent inhibitors of GnRH secretion. In conclusion, Menstrual Cycle alterations are likely to occur after very demanding training, which causes an increase secretion of antireproductive hormones. These hormones can inhibit the normal pulsatile secretion pattern of the gonadotrophins.
Alissa N Smith - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the effect of the Menstrual Cycle on dichotic listening
PLOS ONE, 2019Co-Authors: Richard J Morris, Erin M Ingvalson, Michael P Kaschak, Alissa N SmithAbstract:The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the Menstrual Cycle on responses to a dichotic listening task. It was hypothesized that participants would exhibit a stronger right ear advantage during the Menstrual Cycle days when estrogen levels are at their peak. It was also hypothesized that the women not taking oral contraceptives would exhibit greater variations in ear advantage over the course of their Menstrual Cycle than those taking oral contraceptives. Finally, it was hypothesized that the error response rates would remain similar across different listening conditions and over the Menstrual Cycle. The participants were 30 women who took oral contraceptives and 15 who did not. They completed nine listening sessions comprised of three dichotic listening tasks: forced-left, forced-right, and open. The data were analyzed using a mixed effects models. The participants exhibited a reduction in right ear responses on the days that corresponded to when the level of estrogen would begin to increase. This response was different from what had been hypothesized. The analysis also indicated no response differences between the two groups of women. In addition, the women exhibited fewer errors over the course of the sessions, implying that they adapted to the task. The results indicate that the women’s hormone fluctuation across the Menstrual Cycle affected their responses to the forced-left, cognitive control, task only.
Hans A. Keizer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Physical Exercise and Menstrual Cycle Alterations
Sports Medicine, 1990Co-Authors: Hans A. Keizer, Alan D. RogolAbstract:The prevalence of Menstrual Cycle alterations in athletes is considerably higher than in sedentary controls. There appears to be a multicausal aetiology, which makes it extremely difficult to dissociate the effects of physical exercise on the Menstrual Cycle from the other predisposing factors. From cross-sectional studies it appeared that physical training eventually might lead to shortening of the luteal phase and secondary amenorrhoea. Prospective studies in both trained and previously untrained women have shown that the amount and/or the intensity of exercise has to exceed a certain limit in order to elicit this phenomenon. We hypothesise, therefore, that apart from a certain predisposition, athletes with a training-induced altered Menstrual Cycle are overreached (short term overtraining, which is reversible in days to weeks after training reduction). Menstrual Cycle alterations are most likely caused by subtle changes in the episodic secretion pattern of luteinising hormone (LH) as have been found in sedentary women with hypothalamic amenorrhoea as well as in athletes after very demanding training. The altered LH secretion then, might be caused by an increased corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) secretion which inhibits the gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) release. In addition, increased CRH tone will lead to increased β -endorphin levels which will also inhibit the GnRH signaller. Finally, the continuous activation of the adrenals will result in a higher catecholamine production, which may be converted to catecholestrogens. These compounds are known to be potent inhibitors of GnRH secretion. In conclusion, Menstrual Cycle alterations are likely to occur after very demanding training, which causes an increase secretion of antireproductive hormones. These hormones can inhibit the normal pulsatile secretion pattern of the gonadotrophins.