The Experts below are selected from a list of 201765 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
A J Silman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the association between chronic widespread pain and Mental Disorder a population based study
Arthritis & Rheumatism, 2000Co-Authors: Sidney Benjamin, Stella Morris, John Mcbeth, Gary J Macfarlane, A J SilmanAbstract:Objective Patients with chronic widespread pain (CWP) have been reported to have a greater prevalence of Mental Disorders and somatization than that found in the general population, but the true association between CWP and Mental Disorders is unknown. In this study, we investigated whether there is an increased prevalence of Mental Disorder in people with CWP from the general population. We also describe the psychiatric diagnoses associated with CWP. Methods In a population-based case–control study, 1,953 subjects (75% of a random sample of individuals age 18–65 years) completed a questionnaire that included a pain assessment and the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Of 710 subjects scoring >1 on the GHQ-12, 301 were assessed further using a structured psychiatric interview and detailed assessment of medical records to identify cases of Mental Disorder, in accordance with criteria of the 10th edition of the International Classification of Diseases. The association between CWP and Mental Disorder was modeled using logistic regression, adjusting for possible confounders including age, sex, and nonresponders. Results We estimated the overall population prevalence of Mental illness to be 11.9%. The odds of having a Mental Disorder for subjects with versus those without CWP were 3.18 (95% confidence interval 1.97–5.11). Most subjects with Mental Disorders were diagnosed as having mood and anxiety Disorders. Only 3 cases of somatoform Disorders were identified, and all were associated with pain. Conclusion This study, although unable to demonstrate a cause-and-effect relationship, showed that 16.9% of those with CWP were estimated to have a psychiatric diagnosis, suggesting that these Disorders should be identified and treated.
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chronic widespread pain in the community the influence of psychological symptoms and Mental Disorder on healthcare seeking behavior
The Journal of Rheumatology, 1999Co-Authors: Gary J Macfarlane, Isabelle M Hunt, Sidney Benjamin, Stella Morris, John Mcbeth, Ann C Papageorgiou, A J SilmanAbstract:Objective. To determine whether psychological symptoms and Mental Disorder are an intrinsic part of the chronic widespread pain syndrome or whether they have been observed in clinic attenders primarily because of their influence on the decision to seek a medical consultation. Methods. A population survey of 1953 subjects was conducted in the Greater Manchester area of the United Kingdom. The survey included a postal questionnaire, and in a subgroup of respondents with high levels of distress, the presence of Mental Disorder was assessed by a semistructured standardized interview. Subjects with chronic widespread pain were classified according to whether they had sought a medical consultation for the reported pain (consulters) or not (nonconsulters). Results. In all, 252 subjects (13%) satisfied American College of Rheumatology criteria for chronic widespread pain, and of these 72% reported having consulted a general practitioner about this pain. There was a clear difference in levels of psychological distress, measured by the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), between consulters, nonconsulters, and those with no pain. Consulters did not differ from nonconsulters in terms of levels of fatigue, social dysfunction, or number of somatic symptoms reported. Although consulters (among whom one in 4 had a Mental Disorder) were more likely to have a Mental Disorder than subjects without pain [OR = 4.9. 95% CI (2.6, 9.5)] the increase in risk comparing consulters to nonconsulters [OR = 2.1, 95% Cl (0.7, 5.9)] and nonconsulters to subjects without pain [OR = 1.4, 95% Cl (0.7, 2.6)] was not significant. Conclusion. The results suggest that psychological distress is associated with chronic widespread pain in addition to any effect on whether consultation is sought for symptoms. The finding that one-quarter of consulters to primary care with chronic widespread pain have a Mental Disorder should alert primary care physicians and rheumatologists to screen for Mental Disorder in this group.
Preben Bo Mortensen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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induced first trimester abortion and risk of Mental Disorder
The New England Journal of Medicine, 2011Co-Authors: Trine Munkolsen, Thomas Munk Laursen, Carsten Bocker Pedersen, Ojvind Lidegaard, Preben Bo MortensenAbstract:BACKGROUND: Concern has been expressed about potential harm to women's Mental health in association with having an induced abortion, but it remains unclear whether induced abortion is associated with an increased risk of subsequent psychiatric problems. METHODS: We conducted a population-based cohort study that involved linking information from the Danish Civil Registration system to the Danish Psychiatric Central Register and the Danish National Register of Patients. The information consisted of data for girls and women with no record of Mental Disorders during the 1995-2007 period who had a first-trimester induced abortion or a first childbirth during that period. We estimated the rates of first-time psychiatric contact (an inpatient admission or outpatient visit) for any type of Mental Disorder within the 12 months after the abortion or childbirth as compared with the 9-month period preceding the event. RESULTS: The incidence rates of first psychiatric contact per 1000 person-years among girls and women who had a first abortion were 14.6 (95% confidence interval [CI], 13.7 to 15.6) before abortion and 15.2 (95% CI, 14.4 to 16.1) after abortion. The corresponding rates among girls and women who had a first childbirth were 3.9 (95% CI, 3.7 to 4.2) before delivery and 6.7 (95% CI, 6.4 to 7.0) post partum. The relative risk of a psychiatric contact did not differ significantly after abortion as compared with before abortion (P = 0.19) but did increase after childbirth as compared with before childbirth (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The finding that the incidence rate of psychiatric contact was similar before and after a first-trimester abortion does not support the hypothesis that there is an increased risk of Mental Disorders after a first-trimester induced abortion.
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full spectrum of psychiatric outcomes among offspring with parental history of Mental Disorder
Archives of General Psychiatry, 2010Co-Authors: Kimberlie Dean, Preben Bo Mortensen, Hanne Stevens, Robin M Murray, Elizabeth Walsh, Carsten Bocker PedersenAbstract:Context While concordant parent/offspring risks for specific Mental Disorders are well established, knowledge of the broader range of psychiatric outcomes among offspring with parental history of Mental Disorder is lacking. Objective To examine the full range of Mental health outcomes among offspring of parents with serious and other Mental Disorders compared with those whose parents had no such history. Design Population-based cohort study. Offspring were followed up from their 14th birthday for the development of Mental Disorders based on both outpatient and inpatient hospital data. Setting Danish population. Participants All offspring born in Denmark between 1980 and 1994 (N = 865 078) with follow-up to December 2008. Main Outcome Measures Incidence rates, incidence rate ratios, and cumulative incidences for offspring psychiatric outcomes. Results Parental serious Mental Disorder (SMD) (nonaffective or affective psychosis) was found to be positively associated with virtually all offspring psychiatric outcomes, including those not hitherto regarded as clinically related. Offspring of parents without SMD but with a history of “other Mental Disorder” were also found to be at increased risk of developing a range of Mental Disorders. The strongest associations were found where both parents had a history of Mental Disorder (eg, offspring of 2 parents with SMD were 13 times more likely to develop schizophrenia). Elevated risks were not confined to concordant parent/offspring Disorders (eg, offspring of 2 parents with SMD were 8 times more likely to develop substance misuse Disorders). Conclusions The impact of parental history of Mental Disorder was not confined to elevated offspring risk of concordant Disorders but rather offspring are at increased risk of a wide range of Mental Disorders, particularly those with 2 affected parents. Our results imply an important role for etiological factors giving rise to broad, as well as specific, familial vulnerabilities. These findings also have potential implications for diagnostic classification.
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somatic hospital contacts invasive cardiac procedures and mortality from heart disease in patients with severe Mental Disorder
Archives of General Psychiatry, 2009Co-Authors: Thomas Munk Laursen, Christiane Gasse, Esben Agerbo, Trine Munkolsen, Preben Bo MortensenAbstract:Context Excess mortality from heart disease is observed in patients with severe Mental Disorder. This excess mortality may be rooted in adverse effects of pharmacological or psychotropic treatment, lifestyle factors, or inadequate somatic care. Objectives To examine whether persons with severe Mental Disorder, defined as persons admitted to a psychiatric hospital with bipolar affective Disorder, schizoaffective Disorder, or schizophrenia, are in contact with hospitals and undergoing invasive procedures for heart disease to the same degree as the nonpsychiatric general population, and to determine whether they have higher mortality rates of heart disease. Design, Setting, and Participants A population-based cohort of 4.6 million persons born in Denmark was followed up from 1994 to 2007. Rates of mortality, somatic contacts, and invasive procedures were estimated by survival analysis. Main Outcome Measures Incidence rate ratios of heart disease admissions and heart disease mortality as well as probability of invasive cardiac procedures. Results The incidence rate ratio of heart disease contacts in persons with severe Mental Disorder compared with the rate for the nonpsychiatric general population was only slightly increased, at 1.11 (95% confidence interval, 1.08-1.14). In contrast, their excess mortality rate ratio from heart disease was 2.90 (95% confidence interval, 2.71-3.10). Five years after the first contact for somatic heart disease, the risk of dying of heart disease was 8.26% for persons with severe Mental Disorder (aged Conclusions Individuals with severe Mental Disorder had only negligible excess rates of contact for heart disease. Given their excess mortality from heart disease and lower rates of invasive procedures after first contact, it would seem that the treatment for heart disease offered to these individuals in Denmark is neither sufficiently efficient nor sufficiently intensive. This undertreatment may explain part of their excess mortality.
Gary J Macfarlane - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the association between chronic widespread pain and Mental Disorder a population based study
Arthritis & Rheumatism, 2000Co-Authors: Sidney Benjamin, Stella Morris, John Mcbeth, Gary J Macfarlane, A J SilmanAbstract:Objective Patients with chronic widespread pain (CWP) have been reported to have a greater prevalence of Mental Disorders and somatization than that found in the general population, but the true association between CWP and Mental Disorders is unknown. In this study, we investigated whether there is an increased prevalence of Mental Disorder in people with CWP from the general population. We also describe the psychiatric diagnoses associated with CWP. Methods In a population-based case–control study, 1,953 subjects (75% of a random sample of individuals age 18–65 years) completed a questionnaire that included a pain assessment and the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Of 710 subjects scoring >1 on the GHQ-12, 301 were assessed further using a structured psychiatric interview and detailed assessment of medical records to identify cases of Mental Disorder, in accordance with criteria of the 10th edition of the International Classification of Diseases. The association between CWP and Mental Disorder was modeled using logistic regression, adjusting for possible confounders including age, sex, and nonresponders. Results We estimated the overall population prevalence of Mental illness to be 11.9%. The odds of having a Mental Disorder for subjects with versus those without CWP were 3.18 (95% confidence interval 1.97–5.11). Most subjects with Mental Disorders were diagnosed as having mood and anxiety Disorders. Only 3 cases of somatoform Disorders were identified, and all were associated with pain. Conclusion This study, although unable to demonstrate a cause-and-effect relationship, showed that 16.9% of those with CWP were estimated to have a psychiatric diagnosis, suggesting that these Disorders should be identified and treated.
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chronic widespread pain in the community the influence of psychological symptoms and Mental Disorder on healthcare seeking behavior
The Journal of Rheumatology, 1999Co-Authors: Gary J Macfarlane, Isabelle M Hunt, Sidney Benjamin, Stella Morris, John Mcbeth, Ann C Papageorgiou, A J SilmanAbstract:Objective. To determine whether psychological symptoms and Mental Disorder are an intrinsic part of the chronic widespread pain syndrome or whether they have been observed in clinic attenders primarily because of their influence on the decision to seek a medical consultation. Methods. A population survey of 1953 subjects was conducted in the Greater Manchester area of the United Kingdom. The survey included a postal questionnaire, and in a subgroup of respondents with high levels of distress, the presence of Mental Disorder was assessed by a semistructured standardized interview. Subjects with chronic widespread pain were classified according to whether they had sought a medical consultation for the reported pain (consulters) or not (nonconsulters). Results. In all, 252 subjects (13%) satisfied American College of Rheumatology criteria for chronic widespread pain, and of these 72% reported having consulted a general practitioner about this pain. There was a clear difference in levels of psychological distress, measured by the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), between consulters, nonconsulters, and those with no pain. Consulters did not differ from nonconsulters in terms of levels of fatigue, social dysfunction, or number of somatic symptoms reported. Although consulters (among whom one in 4 had a Mental Disorder) were more likely to have a Mental Disorder than subjects without pain [OR = 4.9. 95% CI (2.6, 9.5)] the increase in risk comparing consulters to nonconsulters [OR = 2.1, 95% Cl (0.7, 5.9)] and nonconsulters to subjects without pain [OR = 1.4, 95% Cl (0.7, 2.6)] was not significant. Conclusion. The results suggest that psychological distress is associated with chronic widespread pain in addition to any effect on whether consultation is sought for symptoms. The finding that one-quarter of consulters to primary care with chronic widespread pain have a Mental Disorder should alert primary care physicians and rheumatologists to screen for Mental Disorder in this group.
Sidney Benjamin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the association between chronic widespread pain and Mental Disorder a population based study
Arthritis & Rheumatism, 2000Co-Authors: Sidney Benjamin, Stella Morris, John Mcbeth, Gary J Macfarlane, A J SilmanAbstract:Objective Patients with chronic widespread pain (CWP) have been reported to have a greater prevalence of Mental Disorders and somatization than that found in the general population, but the true association between CWP and Mental Disorders is unknown. In this study, we investigated whether there is an increased prevalence of Mental Disorder in people with CWP from the general population. We also describe the psychiatric diagnoses associated with CWP. Methods In a population-based case–control study, 1,953 subjects (75% of a random sample of individuals age 18–65 years) completed a questionnaire that included a pain assessment and the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Of 710 subjects scoring >1 on the GHQ-12, 301 were assessed further using a structured psychiatric interview and detailed assessment of medical records to identify cases of Mental Disorder, in accordance with criteria of the 10th edition of the International Classification of Diseases. The association between CWP and Mental Disorder was modeled using logistic regression, adjusting for possible confounders including age, sex, and nonresponders. Results We estimated the overall population prevalence of Mental illness to be 11.9%. The odds of having a Mental Disorder for subjects with versus those without CWP were 3.18 (95% confidence interval 1.97–5.11). Most subjects with Mental Disorders were diagnosed as having mood and anxiety Disorders. Only 3 cases of somatoform Disorders were identified, and all were associated with pain. Conclusion This study, although unable to demonstrate a cause-and-effect relationship, showed that 16.9% of those with CWP were estimated to have a psychiatric diagnosis, suggesting that these Disorders should be identified and treated.
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chronic widespread pain in the community the influence of psychological symptoms and Mental Disorder on healthcare seeking behavior
The Journal of Rheumatology, 1999Co-Authors: Gary J Macfarlane, Isabelle M Hunt, Sidney Benjamin, Stella Morris, John Mcbeth, Ann C Papageorgiou, A J SilmanAbstract:Objective. To determine whether psychological symptoms and Mental Disorder are an intrinsic part of the chronic widespread pain syndrome or whether they have been observed in clinic attenders primarily because of their influence on the decision to seek a medical consultation. Methods. A population survey of 1953 subjects was conducted in the Greater Manchester area of the United Kingdom. The survey included a postal questionnaire, and in a subgroup of respondents with high levels of distress, the presence of Mental Disorder was assessed by a semistructured standardized interview. Subjects with chronic widespread pain were classified according to whether they had sought a medical consultation for the reported pain (consulters) or not (nonconsulters). Results. In all, 252 subjects (13%) satisfied American College of Rheumatology criteria for chronic widespread pain, and of these 72% reported having consulted a general practitioner about this pain. There was a clear difference in levels of psychological distress, measured by the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), between consulters, nonconsulters, and those with no pain. Consulters did not differ from nonconsulters in terms of levels of fatigue, social dysfunction, or number of somatic symptoms reported. Although consulters (among whom one in 4 had a Mental Disorder) were more likely to have a Mental Disorder than subjects without pain [OR = 4.9. 95% CI (2.6, 9.5)] the increase in risk comparing consulters to nonconsulters [OR = 2.1, 95% Cl (0.7, 5.9)] and nonconsulters to subjects without pain [OR = 1.4, 95% Cl (0.7, 2.6)] was not significant. Conclusion. The results suggest that psychological distress is associated with chronic widespread pain in addition to any effect on whether consultation is sought for symptoms. The finding that one-quarter of consulters to primary care with chronic widespread pain have a Mental Disorder should alert primary care physicians and rheumatologists to screen for Mental Disorder in this group.
Akiko Hirao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Development of experiMental setup to create novel Mental Disorder model rats using small mobile robot
2010 IEEE RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, 2010Co-Authors: Hiroyuki Ishii, Yuichi Masuda, Syunsuke Miyagishima, Syogo Fumino, Atsuo Takanishi, Satoshi Okabayashi, Naritoshi Iida, Hiroshi Kimura, Yu Tahara, Akiko HiraoAbstract:The number of patients with Mental Disorders is increasing in advanced countries. Many researchers are working to develop Mental Disorder model animals that contribute to development of new psychotropic drugs. However, we have some doubts about conventional Mental Disorder models. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop an experiMental setup to create novel Mental Disorder model animals. We then developed a small mobile robot and a control system for the robot. Using them, we performed an experiment to develop a Mental Disorder model rat. In the experiment, we succeeded in developing a new depression model rat and also high activity model rat. These Disorder models must be useful in the screening of new psychotropic drugs. In addition, the methodology we developed in this research will contribute to clarifying mechanisms of Mental Disorders.