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Dustin Stokes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • attention and the cognitive penetrability of perception
    Australasian Journal of Philosophy, 2018
    Co-Authors: Dustin Stokes
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACTOne sceptical rejoinder to those who claim that sensory perception is cognitively penetrable is to appeal to the involvement of spatial attention. While the sceptic is correct that some putative cases are accurately deflected in this way, the rejoinder oversimplifies the possible roles that attention might play in relevant contexts. This paper identifies alternative ways that selective attention might play a role in cognitive effects on perception. What emerges is a plausible and well-evidenced Mental Schema that describes attention-mediated cognitive penetration.

Fernandez G.s.e. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Angular Gyrus Involvement at Encoding and Retrieval Is Associated with Durable But Less Specific Memories
    'Society for Neuroscience', 2017
    Co-Authors: Linden, M.h. Van Der, Berkers R.m.w.j., Morris R.g., Fernandez G.s.e.
    Abstract:

    Item does not contain fulltextAfter consolidation, information belonging to a Mental Schema is better remembered, but such memory can be less specific when it comes to details. A neuronal mechanism consistent with this behavioral pattern could result from a dynamic interaction that entails mediation by a specific cortical network with associated hippocampal disengagement. We now report that, in male and female adult human subjects, encoding and later consolidation of a series of objects embedded in a semantic Schema was associated with a buildup of activity in the angular gyrus (AG) that predicted memory 24 h later. In parallel, the posterior hippocampus became less involved as Schema objects were encoded successively. Hippocampal disengagement was related to an increase in falsely remembering objects that were not presented at encoding. During both encoding and retrieval, the AG and lateral occipital complex (LOC) became functionally connected and this interaction was beneficial for successful retrieval. Therefore, a network including the AG and LOC enhances the overnight retention of Schema-related memories and their simultaneous detachment from the hippocampus reduces the specificity of the memory.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT This study provides the first empirical evidence on how the hippocampus and the neocortex interact dynamically when acquiring and then effectively retaining durable knowledge that is associated to preexisting knowledge, but they do so at the cost of memory specificity. This interaction is a fundaMental mnemonic operation that has thus far been largely overlooked in memory research

  • Angular Gyrus Involvement at Encoding and Retrieval Is Associated with Durable But Less Specific Memories
    2017
    Co-Authors: Linden, M.h. Van Der, Berkers R.m.w.j., Morris R.g., Fernandez G.s.e.
    Abstract:

    After consolidation, information belonging to a Mental Schema is better remembered, but such memory can be less specific when it comes to details. A neuronal mechanism consistent with this behavioral pattern could result from a dynamic interaction that entails mediation by a specific cortical network with associated hippocampal disengagement. We now report that, in male and female adult human subjects, encoding and later consolidation of a series of objects embedded in a semantic Schema was associated with a buildup of activity in the angular gyrus (AG) that predicted memory 24 h later. In parallel, the posterior hippocampus became less involved as Schema objects were encoded successively. Hippocampal disengagement was related to an increase in falsely remembering objects that were not presented at encoding. During both encoding and retrieval, the AG and lateral occipital complex (LOC) became functionally connected and this interaction was beneficial for successful retrieval. Therefore, a network including the AG and LOC enhances the overnight retention of Schema-related memories and their simultaneous detachment from the hippocampus reduces the specificity of the memory.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT This study provides the first empirical evidence on how the hippocampus and the neocortex interact dynamically when acquiring and then effectively retaining durable knowledge that is associated to preexisting knowledge, but they do so at the cost of memory specificity. This interaction is a fundaMental mnemonic operation that has thus far been largely overlooked in memory research

Linden, M.h. Van Der - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Angular Gyrus Involvement at Encoding and Retrieval Is Associated with Durable But Less Specific Memories
    'Society for Neuroscience', 2017
    Co-Authors: Linden, M.h. Van Der, Berkers R.m.w.j., Morris R.g., Fernandez G.s.e.
    Abstract:

    Item does not contain fulltextAfter consolidation, information belonging to a Mental Schema is better remembered, but such memory can be less specific when it comes to details. A neuronal mechanism consistent with this behavioral pattern could result from a dynamic interaction that entails mediation by a specific cortical network with associated hippocampal disengagement. We now report that, in male and female adult human subjects, encoding and later consolidation of a series of objects embedded in a semantic Schema was associated with a buildup of activity in the angular gyrus (AG) that predicted memory 24 h later. In parallel, the posterior hippocampus became less involved as Schema objects were encoded successively. Hippocampal disengagement was related to an increase in falsely remembering objects that were not presented at encoding. During both encoding and retrieval, the AG and lateral occipital complex (LOC) became functionally connected and this interaction was beneficial for successful retrieval. Therefore, a network including the AG and LOC enhances the overnight retention of Schema-related memories and their simultaneous detachment from the hippocampus reduces the specificity of the memory.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT This study provides the first empirical evidence on how the hippocampus and the neocortex interact dynamically when acquiring and then effectively retaining durable knowledge that is associated to preexisting knowledge, but they do so at the cost of memory specificity. This interaction is a fundaMental mnemonic operation that has thus far been largely overlooked in memory research

  • Angular Gyrus Involvement at Encoding and Retrieval Is Associated with Durable But Less Specific Memories
    2017
    Co-Authors: Linden, M.h. Van Der, Berkers R.m.w.j., Morris R.g., Fernandez G.s.e.
    Abstract:

    After consolidation, information belonging to a Mental Schema is better remembered, but such memory can be less specific when it comes to details. A neuronal mechanism consistent with this behavioral pattern could result from a dynamic interaction that entails mediation by a specific cortical network with associated hippocampal disengagement. We now report that, in male and female adult human subjects, encoding and later consolidation of a series of objects embedded in a semantic Schema was associated with a buildup of activity in the angular gyrus (AG) that predicted memory 24 h later. In parallel, the posterior hippocampus became less involved as Schema objects were encoded successively. Hippocampal disengagement was related to an increase in falsely remembering objects that were not presented at encoding. During both encoding and retrieval, the AG and lateral occipital complex (LOC) became functionally connected and this interaction was beneficial for successful retrieval. Therefore, a network including the AG and LOC enhances the overnight retention of Schema-related memories and their simultaneous detachment from the hippocampus reduces the specificity of the memory.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT This study provides the first empirical evidence on how the hippocampus and the neocortex interact dynamically when acquiring and then effectively retaining durable knowledge that is associated to preexisting knowledge, but they do so at the cost of memory specificity. This interaction is a fundaMental mnemonic operation that has thus far been largely overlooked in memory research

Lars Schwabe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • stress leads to aberrant hippocampal involvement when processing Schema related information
    Learning & Memory, 2018
    Co-Authors: Susanne Vogel, Lisa Marieke Kluen, Guillen Fernandez, Lars Schwabe
    Abstract:

    Prior knowledge, represented as a Mental Schema, has critical impact on how we organize, interpret, and process incoming information. Recent findings indicate that the use of an existing Schema is coordinated by the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), communicating with parietal areas. The hippocampus, however, is crucial for encoding Schema-unrelated information but not for Schema-related information. A recent study indicated that stress mediators may affect Schema-related memory, but the underlying neural mechanisms are currently unknown. Here, we thus tested the impact of acute stress on neural processing of Schema-related information. We exposed healthy participants to a stress or control manipulation before they processed, in the MRI scanner, words related or unrelated to a preexisting Schema activated by a specific cue. Participants' memory for the presented material was tested 3-5 d after encoding. Overall, the processing of Schema-related information activated the mPFC, the precuneus, and the angular gyrus. Stress resulted in aberrant hippocampal activity and connectivity while participants processed Schema-related information. This aberrant engagement of the hippocampus was linked to altered subsequent memory. These findings suggest that stress may interfere with the efficient use of prior knowledge during encoding and may have important practical implications, in particular for educational settings.

Fernández G. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Angular gyrus involvement at encoding and retrieval is associated with durable but less specific memories
    2017
    Co-Authors: Van Der Linden M., Berkers R., Morris R., Fernández G.
    Abstract:

    After consolidation, information belonging to a Mental Schema is better remembered, but such memory can be less specific when it comes to details. A neuronal mechanism in line with this behavioral pattern could result from a dynamic interaction that entails mediation by a specific cortical network with associated hippocampal disengagement. We now report that in male and female adult human subjects, encoding and later consolidation of a series of objects embedded in a semantic Schema was associated with a build-up of activity in the angular gyrus (AG) that predicted memory 24h later. In parallel, the posterior hippocampus became less involved as Schema objects were successively encoded. Hippocampal disengagement was related to an increase in falsely remembering objects that were not presented at encoding. During both encoding and retrieval, the AG and lateral occipital complex (LOC) became functionally connected and this interaction was beneficial for successful retrieval. Thus, a network including the AG and LOC enhances the overnight retention of Schema-related memories, and their simultaneous detachment from the hippocampus reduces the specificity of the memory