The Experts below are selected from a list of 1668 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Miriam Kolko - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Lactate: More Than Merely a Metabolic Waste Product in the Inner Retina
Molecular Neurobiology, 2020Co-Authors: Rupali Vohra, Miriam KolkoAbstract:The retina is an extension of the central nervous system and has been considered to be a simplified, more tractable and accessible version of the brain for a variety of neuroscience investigations. The optic nerve displays changes in response to underlying neurodegenerative diseases, such as stroke, multiple sclerosis, and Alzheimer’s disease, as well as inner retinal neurodegenerative disease, e.g., glaucoma. Neurodegeneration has increasingly been linked to dysfunctional energy metabolism or conditions in which the energy supply does not meet the demand. Likewise, increasing lactate levels have been correlated with conditions consisting of unbalanced energy supply and demand, such as ischemia-associated diseases or excessive exercise. Lactate has thus been acknowledged as a Metabolic Waste Product in organs with high energy metabolism. However, in the past decade, numerous beneficial roles of lactate have been revealed in the central nervous system. In this context, lactate has been identified as a valuable energy substrate, protecting against glutamate excitotoxicity and ischemia, as well as having signaling properties which regulate cellular functions. The present review aims to summarize and discuss protective roles of lactate in various model systems (in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo) reflecting the inner retina focusing on lactate metabolism and signaling in inner retinal homeostasis and disease.
Rupali Vohra - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Lactate: More Than Merely a Metabolic Waste Product in the Inner Retina
Molecular Neurobiology, 2020Co-Authors: Rupali Vohra, Miriam KolkoAbstract:The retina is an extension of the central nervous system and has been considered to be a simplified, more tractable and accessible version of the brain for a variety of neuroscience investigations. The optic nerve displays changes in response to underlying neurodegenerative diseases, such as stroke, multiple sclerosis, and Alzheimer’s disease, as well as inner retinal neurodegenerative disease, e.g., glaucoma. Neurodegeneration has increasingly been linked to dysfunctional energy metabolism or conditions in which the energy supply does not meet the demand. Likewise, increasing lactate levels have been correlated with conditions consisting of unbalanced energy supply and demand, such as ischemia-associated diseases or excessive exercise. Lactate has thus been acknowledged as a Metabolic Waste Product in organs with high energy metabolism. However, in the past decade, numerous beneficial roles of lactate have been revealed in the central nervous system. In this context, lactate has been identified as a valuable energy substrate, protecting against glutamate excitotoxicity and ischemia, as well as having signaling properties which regulate cellular functions. The present review aims to summarize and discuss protective roles of lactate in various model systems (in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo) reflecting the inner retina focusing on lactate metabolism and signaling in inner retinal homeostasis and disease.
Km Polizzi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Whole-cell Escherichia coli lactate biosensor for monitoring mammalian cell cultures during biopharmaceutical Production
Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 2017Co-Authors: Lisa Goers, Ch Goey, Ps Freemont, Catherine Ainsworth, Cleo Kontoravdi, Km PolizziAbstract:Many high-value added recombinant proteins, such as therapeutic glycoproteins, are produced using mammalian cell cultures. In order to optimize the Productivity of these cultures it is important to monitor cellular metabolism, for example the utilization of nutrients and the accumulation of Metabolic Waste Products. One Metabolic Waste Product of interest is lactic acid (lactate), overaccumulation of which can decrease cellular growth and protein Production. Current methods for the detection of lactate are limited in terms of cost, sensitivity, and robustness. Therefore, we developed a whole-cell Escherichia coli lactate biosensor based on the lldPRD operon and successfully used it to monitor lactate concentration in mammalian cell cultures. Using real samples and analytical validation we demonstrate that our biosensor can be used for absolute quantification of metabolites in complex samples with high accuracy, sensitivity, and robustness. Importantly, our whole-cell biosensor was able to detect lactate at concentrations more than two orders of magnitude lower than the industry standard method, making it useful for monitoring lactate concentrations in early phase culture. Given the importance of lactate in a variety of both industrial and clinical contexts we anticipate that our whole-cell biosensor can be used to address a range of interesting biological questions. It also serves as a blueprint for how to capitalize on the wealth of genetic operons for metabolite sensing available in nature for the development of other whole-cell biosensors. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 1290-1300. © 2017 The Authors. Biotechnology and Bioengineering Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
-
Whole-cell Escherichia coli lactate biosensor for monitoring mammalian cell cultures during biopharmaceutical Production
'Wiley', 2017Co-Authors: Goers L, Ainsworth C, Ch Goey, Ps Freemont, Km PolizziAbstract:Many high-value added recombinant proteins, such as therapeutic glycoproteins, are produced using mammalian cell cultures. In order to optimise the Productivity of these cultures it is important to monitor cellular metabolism, for example the utilisation of nutrients and the accumulation of Metabolic Waste Products. One Metabolic Waste Product of interest is lactic acid (lactate), overaccumulation of which can decrease cellular growth and protein Production. Current methods for the detection of lactate are limited in terms of cost, sensitivity, and robustness. Therefore, we developed a whole-cell Escherichia coli lactate biosensor based on the lldPRD operon and successfully used it to monitor lactate concentration in mammalian cell cultures. Using real samples and analytical validation we demonstrate that our biosensor can be used for absolute quantification of metabolites in complex samples with high accuracy, sensitivity and robustness. Importantly, our whole-cell biosensor was able to detect lactate at concentrations more than two orders of magnitude lower than the industry standard method, making it useful for monitoring lactate concentrations in early phase culture. Given the importance of lactate in a variety of both industrial and clinical contexts we anticipate that our whole-cell biosensor can be used to address a range of interesting biological questions. It also serves as a blueprint for how to capitalise on the wealth of genetic operons for metabolite sensing available in Nature for the development of other whole-cell biosensors
Louis Casteilla - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
The emerging roles of lactate as a redox substrate and signaling molecule in adipose tissues
Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry, 2020Co-Authors: Audrey Carrière, Yannick Jeanson, Isabelle Ader, Damien Lagarde, Jean-charles Portais, Anne Galinier, Louis CasteillaAbstract:Thermogenic (brown and beige) adipose tissues improve glucose and lipid homeostasis and therefore represent putative targets to cure obesity and related Metabolic diseases including type II diabetes. Beside decades of research and the very well-described role of noradrenergic signaling, mechanisms underlying adipocytes plasticity and activation of thermogenic adipose tissues remain incompletely understood. Recent studies show that metabolites such as lactate control the oxidative capacity of thermogenic adipose tissues. Long time viewed as a Metabolic Waste Product, lactate is now considered as an important Metabolic substrate largely feeding the oxidative metabolism of many tissues, acting as a signaling molecule and as an inter-cellular and inter-tissular redox carrier. In this review, we provide an overview of the recent findings highlighting the importance of lactate in adipose tissues, from its Production to its role as a browning inducer and its Metabolic links with brown adipose tissue. We also discuss additional function(s) than thermogenesis ensured by brown and beige adipose tissues, i.e., their ability to dissipate high redox pressure and oxidative stress thanks to the activity of the uncoupling protein-1, helping to maintain tissue and whole organism redox homeostasis and integrity.
Audrey Carrière - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
The emerging roles of lactate as a redox substrate and signaling molecule in adipose tissues
Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry, 2020Co-Authors: Audrey Carrière, Yannick Jeanson, Isabelle Ader, Damien Lagarde, Jean-charles Portais, Anne Galinier, Louis CasteillaAbstract:Thermogenic (brown and beige) adipose tissues improve glucose and lipid homeostasis and therefore represent putative targets to cure obesity and related Metabolic diseases including type II diabetes. Beside decades of research and the very well-described role of noradrenergic signaling, mechanisms underlying adipocytes plasticity and activation of thermogenic adipose tissues remain incompletely understood. Recent studies show that metabolites such as lactate control the oxidative capacity of thermogenic adipose tissues. Long time viewed as a Metabolic Waste Product, lactate is now considered as an important Metabolic substrate largely feeding the oxidative metabolism of many tissues, acting as a signaling molecule and as an inter-cellular and inter-tissular redox carrier. In this review, we provide an overview of the recent findings highlighting the importance of lactate in adipose tissues, from its Production to its role as a browning inducer and its Metabolic links with brown adipose tissue. We also discuss additional function(s) than thermogenesis ensured by brown and beige adipose tissues, i.e., their ability to dissipate high redox pressure and oxidative stress thanks to the activity of the uncoupling protein-1, helping to maintain tissue and whole organism redox homeostasis and integrity.