The Experts below are selected from a list of 306 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Patricia Tato - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a taenia crassiceps Metacestode factor enhances ovarian follicle atresia and oocyte degeneration in female mice
Journal of Helminthology, 2015Co-Authors: Sandra Solano, Patricia Tato, N Zepeda, Natalia Copitin, Ana Maria Fernandez, José Luis MolinariAbstract:The histopathological effects of Taenia crassiceps infection or T. crassiceps Metacestode factor inoculation on the mouse ovary were determined using six female mice in three groups: infected mice, mice inoculated with the Metacestode factor and control mice. The control group was subcutaneously inoculated with healthy peritoneal fluid. The infected group was intraperitoneally inoculated with 40 T. crassiceps Metacestodes, and the Metacestode factor group was subcutaneously inoculated with T. crassiceps Metacestode factor (MF). Light and electron microscopy and TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick end labelling) assays revealed a significant increase in ovarian follicular atresia (predominantly in antral/preovulatory stages of development), oocyte degeneration (P< 0.05), and a decrease in the amount of corpus luteum in follicles of mice infected and inoculated with MF compared with the control group. Significant abnormalities of the granulosa cells and oocytes of the primordial, primary and secondary ovarian follicles occurred in both treated mouse groups (P< 0.05) compared with no degeneration in the control group. These pathological changes in female mice either infected with T. crassiceps Metacestodes or inoculated with T. crassiceps MF may have consequences for ovulation and fertility.
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A Taenia crassiceps Metacestode factor enhances ovarian follicle atresia and oocyte degeneration in female mice.
Journal of helminthology, 2013Co-Authors: Sandra Solano, Patricia Tato, N Zepeda, Natalia Copitin, Ana Maria Fernandez, José Luis MolinariAbstract:The histopathological effects of Taenia crassiceps infection or T. crassiceps Metacestode factor inoculation on the mouse ovary were determined using six female mice in three groups: infected mice, mice inoculated with the Metacestode factor and control mice. The control group was subcutaneously inoculated with healthy peritoneal fluid. The infected group was intraperitoneally inoculated with 40 T. crassiceps Metacestodes, and the Metacestode factor group was subcutaneously inoculated with T. crassiceps Metacestode factor (MF). Light and electron microscopy and TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick end labelling) assays revealed a significant increase in ovarian follicular atresia (predominantly in antral/preovulatory stages of development), oocyte degeneration (P
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Lymphocyte apoptosis in the inflammatory reaction around Taenia solium Metacestodes in porcine cysticercosis.
Veterinary parasitology, 2006Co-Authors: Sandra Solano, Patricia Tato, Isabel M Cortés, Natalia I Copitin, José L MolinariAbstract:In the current research, we report apoptosis of lymphocytes in the inflammatory reaction around Metacestodes in muscle tissue from cysticercotic pigs. Two events, high Metacestode viability (100%) and high cysteine protease activity were found to be closely related to a high phosphatydilserine expression by inflammatory lymphocytes (56%). Testing the RPMI medium used for washing away inflammatory cells from Metacestodes with 100% viability, with the fluorescent substrate Z-Phe-Ala-AFC for measuring cysteine protease activity, significant fluorescent values were found. In contrast, tests performed with RPMI medium used for washing away inflammatory cells from Metacestodes with 90% viability or less, showed low fluorescence values. Flow cytometry analyses of inflammatory cells obtained from four naturally cysticercotic pigs, and stained with Annexin-V/PI, showed lymphocytes expressing phosphatidylserine with values of 0, 6, 41 and 56% on their outer surfaces. Electron microscopy studies of inflammatory cells from Metacestodes with 100% viability, showed lymphocytes with strangled and fragmented nuclei, and heterochromatin displaced to the nuclear periphery. In addition, DNA from these cells showed fragmentation in electrophoresis assays. Apoptosis of lymphocytes in the inflammatory reaction around Taenia solium Metacestodes, might have been induced by the parasite cysteine protease, and may be involved in impairing cell-mediated immune responses in human and porcine cysticercosis.
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The implantation of Taenia solium Metacestodes in mice induces down-modulation of T-cell proliferation and cytokine production
Parasitology Research, 2005Co-Authors: Lilian Hernández-mendoza, Sandra Solano, José Luis Molinari, Esperanza Garrido, Isabel Cortés, Enrique Miranda, Patricia TatoAbstract:The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the implantation of Taenia solium Metacestodes and the treatment with suppressive Metacestode factor (F1) on the ability of spleen cells from Balb/c mice to produce cytokines. Cytokine production was estimated 12 days following the implantation or 4 days after the last dose of F1 (five doses) by RT-PCR and flow cytometry analyses. Spleen cells were obtained from Metacestode-implanted, F1-treated and control mice. They were stimulated with concanavalin A (ConA) ex vivo and used for RT-PCR studies and for CD25 expression and intracellular cytokine production estimations using specific monoclonal antibodies labeled with phycoerithrin or fluorescein. Results of the RT-PCR showed that all cells expressed IFN-γ, IL-2 and IL-4 mRNAs. IL-10 mRNA was not expressed in any case. Flow cytometry analyses showed that both spleen CD4^+ and CD8^+ cells from Metacestode-implanted or treated-F1 mice expressed significantly diminished percentages of CD25 when compared with control cells ( P
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Taenia solium: a cysteine protease secreted by Metacestodes depletes human CD4 lymphocytes in vitro.
Experimental parasitology, 2000Co-Authors: José Luis Molinari, A. Clinton White, Esperanza Garrido, Herlinda Mejia, Veronica M. Borgonio, Salman Baig, Patricia TatoAbstract:Abstract Molinari, J. L., Mejia, H., White, A. C. Jr., Garrido, E., Borgonio, V. M., Baig, S., and Tato, P., 2000. Taenia solium: A cysteine protease secreted by Metacestodes depletes human CD4 Lymphocytes in Vitro. Experimental Parasitology94, 133–142. Excreted/secreted products from Taenia solium Metacestodes cultured in vitro were analyzed for peptidase activity using peptide substrates Z-Phe-Arg-AFC, Arg-AFC, and Z-Gly-Gly-Arg-AFC and zymography studies. Specific inhibitor profiles revealed mainly cysteine and metalloprotease activities. Hydrolysis of substrate Z-Phe-Arg-AFC was augmented by the addition of L -cysteine and acid pH, consistent with cysteine protease activity. Cysteine protease activity was more prominent in supernatants from living Metacestodes cultured in PBS than in either RPMI or RPMI plus fetal calf serum and was proportional to the number of Metacestodes. Flow cytometry analysis showed depletion of human T lymphocytes cultured with living T. solium Metacestodes. CD4+ expression was significantly decreased when Metacestode E/S products and L -cysteine were added to lymphocyte cultures (P = 0.027). This peptidase activity was inhibited by E-64 indicating that the depletion of CD4+ cells was due to cysteine protease activity. Thus, T. solium Metacestodes produce excretory/secretory proteases. These enzymes may cleave molecules critical for the host immune response allowing the parasites to survive in the host tissues.
José Luis Molinari - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Hippocampal sclerosis induced in mice by a Taenia crassiceps Metacestode factor.
Journal of helminthology, 2018Co-Authors: N Zepeda, Sandra Solano, Natalia Copitin, Ana Maria Fernandez, J.l. Chávez, F. García, F. Jaimes-miranda, R. Rincón-heredia, R. Paredes, José Luis MolinariAbstract:An experimental Taenia crassiceps mouse model was used to assess the role of Taenia solium Metacestode factor (Fac) in human neurocysticercosis. Intraperitoneal infection with T. crassiceps Metacestodes or subcutaneous inoculation with a T. crassiceps Metacestode factor (Fac) produced significant impairment of performance (learning) in the Barnes maze and induced bilateral hippocampal sclerosis in mice. Several staining techniques revealed important cell dispersion, extensive apoptosis and cell loss in the dentate gyrus, hilus and CA1-CA3 regions of both hippocampi, as well as intense deterioration of the adjacent cortex. An outstanding disruption of its histoarchitecture in the surrounding tissue of all these regions and apoptosis of the endothelial cells were also observed.
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a taenia crassiceps Metacestode factor enhances ovarian follicle atresia and oocyte degeneration in female mice
Journal of Helminthology, 2015Co-Authors: Sandra Solano, Patricia Tato, N Zepeda, Natalia Copitin, Ana Maria Fernandez, José Luis MolinariAbstract:The histopathological effects of Taenia crassiceps infection or T. crassiceps Metacestode factor inoculation on the mouse ovary were determined using six female mice in three groups: infected mice, mice inoculated with the Metacestode factor and control mice. The control group was subcutaneously inoculated with healthy peritoneal fluid. The infected group was intraperitoneally inoculated with 40 T. crassiceps Metacestodes, and the Metacestode factor group was subcutaneously inoculated with T. crassiceps Metacestode factor (MF). Light and electron microscopy and TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick end labelling) assays revealed a significant increase in ovarian follicular atresia (predominantly in antral/preovulatory stages of development), oocyte degeneration (P< 0.05), and a decrease in the amount of corpus luteum in follicles of mice infected and inoculated with MF compared with the control group. Significant abnormalities of the granulosa cells and oocytes of the primordial, primary and secondary ovarian follicles occurred in both treated mouse groups (P< 0.05) compared with no degeneration in the control group. These pathological changes in female mice either infected with T. crassiceps Metacestodes or inoculated with T. crassiceps MF may have consequences for ovulation and fertility.
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A Taenia crassiceps Metacestode factor enhances ovarian follicle atresia and oocyte degeneration in female mice.
Journal of helminthology, 2013Co-Authors: Sandra Solano, Patricia Tato, N Zepeda, Natalia Copitin, Ana Maria Fernandez, José Luis MolinariAbstract:The histopathological effects of Taenia crassiceps infection or T. crassiceps Metacestode factor inoculation on the mouse ovary were determined using six female mice in three groups: infected mice, mice inoculated with the Metacestode factor and control mice. The control group was subcutaneously inoculated with healthy peritoneal fluid. The infected group was intraperitoneally inoculated with 40 T. crassiceps Metacestodes, and the Metacestode factor group was subcutaneously inoculated with T. crassiceps Metacestode factor (MF). Light and electron microscopy and TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick end labelling) assays revealed a significant increase in ovarian follicular atresia (predominantly in antral/preovulatory stages of development), oocyte degeneration (P
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The implantation of Taenia solium Metacestodes in mice induces down-modulation of T-cell proliferation and cytokine production
Parasitology Research, 2005Co-Authors: Lilian Hernández-mendoza, Sandra Solano, José Luis Molinari, Esperanza Garrido, Isabel Cortés, Enrique Miranda, Patricia TatoAbstract:The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the implantation of Taenia solium Metacestodes and the treatment with suppressive Metacestode factor (F1) on the ability of spleen cells from Balb/c mice to produce cytokines. Cytokine production was estimated 12 days following the implantation or 4 days after the last dose of F1 (five doses) by RT-PCR and flow cytometry analyses. Spleen cells were obtained from Metacestode-implanted, F1-treated and control mice. They were stimulated with concanavalin A (ConA) ex vivo and used for RT-PCR studies and for CD25 expression and intracellular cytokine production estimations using specific monoclonal antibodies labeled with phycoerithrin or fluorescein. Results of the RT-PCR showed that all cells expressed IFN-γ, IL-2 and IL-4 mRNAs. IL-10 mRNA was not expressed in any case. Flow cytometry analyses showed that both spleen CD4^+ and CD8^+ cells from Metacestode-implanted or treated-F1 mice expressed significantly diminished percentages of CD25 when compared with control cells ( P
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Taenia solium: a cysteine protease secreted by Metacestodes depletes human CD4 lymphocytes in vitro.
Experimental parasitology, 2000Co-Authors: José Luis Molinari, A. Clinton White, Esperanza Garrido, Herlinda Mejia, Veronica M. Borgonio, Salman Baig, Patricia TatoAbstract:Abstract Molinari, J. L., Mejia, H., White, A. C. Jr., Garrido, E., Borgonio, V. M., Baig, S., and Tato, P., 2000. Taenia solium: A cysteine protease secreted by Metacestodes depletes human CD4 Lymphocytes in Vitro. Experimental Parasitology94, 133–142. Excreted/secreted products from Taenia solium Metacestodes cultured in vitro were analyzed for peptidase activity using peptide substrates Z-Phe-Arg-AFC, Arg-AFC, and Z-Gly-Gly-Arg-AFC and zymography studies. Specific inhibitor profiles revealed mainly cysteine and metalloprotease activities. Hydrolysis of substrate Z-Phe-Arg-AFC was augmented by the addition of L -cysteine and acid pH, consistent with cysteine protease activity. Cysteine protease activity was more prominent in supernatants from living Metacestodes cultured in PBS than in either RPMI or RPMI plus fetal calf serum and was proportional to the number of Metacestodes. Flow cytometry analysis showed depletion of human T lymphocytes cultured with living T. solium Metacestodes. CD4+ expression was significantly decreased when Metacestode E/S products and L -cysteine were added to lymphocyte cultures (P = 0.027). This peptidase activity was inhibited by E-64 indicating that the depletion of CD4+ cells was due to cysteine protease activity. Thus, T. solium Metacestodes produce excretory/secretory proteases. These enzymes may cleave molecules critical for the host immune response allowing the parasites to survive in the host tissues.
Andrew Hemphill - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Repurposing of an old drug: In vitro and in vivo efficacies of buparvaquone against Echinococcus multilocularis.
International journal for parasitology. Drugs and drug resistance, 2018Co-Authors: Reto Rufener, Andrew Hemphill, Dominic Ritler, Luca Dick, Laura D'ascoli, Amani Hizem, Timothy N. C. Wells, Britta Lundström-stadelmannAbstract:The Metacestode stage of the fox tapeworm Echinococcus multilocularis causes the lethal disease alveolar echinococcosis. Current chemotherapeutic treatment options are based on benzimidazoles (albendazole and mebendazole), which are insufficient and hence alternative drugs are needed. In this study, we screened the 400 compounds of the Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV) Pathogen Box against E. multilocularis Metacestodes. For the screen, we employed the phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI) assay which assesses drug-induced damage on Metacestodes, and identified ten new compounds with activity against the parasite. The anti-theilerial drug MMV689480 (buparvaquone) and MMV671636 (ELQ-400) were the most promising compounds, with an IC50 of 2.87 μM and 0.02 μM respectively against in vitro cultured E. multilocularis Metacestodes. Both drugs suggested a therapeutic window based on their cytotoxicity against mammalian cells. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that treatment with buparvaquone impaired parasite mitochondria early on and additional tests showed that buparvaquone had a reduced activity under anaerobic conditions. Furthermore, we established a system to assess mitochondrial respiration in isolated E. multilocularis cells in real time using the Seahorse XFp Analyzer and demonstrated inhibition of the cytochrome bc1 complex by buparvaquone. Mice with secondary alveolar echinococcosis were treated with buparvaquone (100 mg/kg per dose, three doses per week, four weeks of treatment), but the drug failed to reduce the parasite burden in vivo. Future studies will reveal whether improved formulations of buparvaquone could increase its effectivity.
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Repurposing of an old drug: In vitro and in vivo efficacies of buparvaquone against Echinococcus multilocularis
Elsevier, 2018Co-Authors: Reto Rufener, Andrew Hemphill, Dominic Ritler, Luca Dick, Laura D'ascoli, Amani Hizem, Timothy N. C. Wells, Britta Lundström-stadelmannAbstract:The Metacestode stage of the fox tapeworm Echinococcus multilocularis causes the lethal disease alveolar echinococcosis. Current chemotherapeutic treatment options are based on benzimidazoles (albendazole and mebendazole), which are insufficient and hence alternative drugs are needed. In this study, we screened the 400 compounds of the Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV) Pathogen Box against E. multilocularis Metacestodes. For the screen, we employed the phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI) assay which assesses drug-induced damage on Metacestodes, and identified ten new compounds with activity against the parasite. The anti-theilerial drug MMV689480 (buparvaquone) and MMV671636 (ELQ-400) were the most promising compounds, with an IC50 of 2.87 μM and 0.02 μM respectively against in vitro cultured E. multilocularis Metacestodes. Both drugs suggested a therapeutic window based on their cytotoxicity against mammalian cells. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that treatment with buparvaquone impaired parasite mitochondria early on and additional tests showed that buparvaquone had a reduced activity under anaerobic conditions. Furthermore, we established a system to assess mitochondrial respiration in isolated E. multilocularis cells in real time using the Seahorse XFp Analyzer and demonstrated inhibition of the cytochrome bc1 complex by buparvaquone. Mice with secondary alveolar echinococcosis were treated with buparvaquone (100 mg/kg per dose, three doses per week, four weeks of treatment), but the drug failed to reduce the parasite burden in vivo. Future studies will reveal whether improved formulations of buparvaquone could increase its effectivity. Keywords: Pathogen box, MMV671636, MMV689480, Drug screening, Seahorse XFp analyzer, Cytochrome bc1 comple
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Amino ozonides exhibit in vitro activity against Echinococcus multilocularis Metacestodes.
International journal of antimicrobial agents, 2013Co-Authors: Tatiana Küster, Nadja Kriegel, Britta Stadelmann, Xiaofang Wang, Yuxiang Dong, Jonathan L. Vennerstrom, Jennifer Keiser, Andrew HemphillAbstract:Artemisinin is an antimalarial sesquiterpene lactone that contains a 1,2,4-trioxane heterocycle. Dihydroartemisinin and artesunate demonstrated activity against Echinococcus multilocularis Metacestodes in vitro but were not effective in a mouse model. In this study, the in vitro effects of a small library of synthetic ozonides (1,2,4-trioxolanes) were investigated. Initial compound screening against E. multilocularis Metacestodes was performed at 20μM, and selected ozonides were further assessed in dose-response studies in Metacestode cultures and mammalian cells. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was employed to characterise compound-induced structural alterations. At 20μM, the most potent ozonides (OZ401, OZ455, OZ491 and OZ494) led to death of ca. 60-100% of the parasites. Subsequent dose-response experiments demonstrated that OZ401, OZ455 and OZ491, which contain an aminopropylether substructure, were the most potent, with 50% inhibitory concentrations ranging from 11μM to 14μM. Cytotoxicity for these three ozonides, assessed in human foreskin fibroblasts, rat hepatoma cells and green monkey epithelial kidney (Vero) cells, was evident only at high concentrations. TEM demonstrated that OZ401 and OZ491 treatment induced considerable metabolic impairment in Metacestodes at 1 day post exposure. At Day 3 post exposure, the germinal layer was severely distorted, although some intact cells were still visible, demonstrating that not all cell types in the parasite tissue were equally affected. Complete destruction of the germinal layer was noted at 5 days post exposure. Synthetic ozonides could represent interesting leads that will be further investigated in a suitable in vivo model of E. multilocularis infection.
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echinococcus multilocularis phosphoglucose isomerase empgi a glycolytic enzyme involved in Metacestode growth and parasite host cell interactions
International Journal for Parasitology, 2010Co-Authors: Britta Stadelmann, Bruno Gottstein, Markus Spiliotis, J Muller, Sabrina Scholl, Norbert Muller, Andrew HemphillAbstract:In Echinococcus multilocularis Metacestodes, the surface-associated and highly glycosylated laminated layer, and molecules associated with this structure, is believed to be involved in modulating the host-parasite interface. We report on the molecular and functional characterisation of E. multilocularis phosphoglucose isomerase (EmPGI), which is a component of this laminated layer. The EmPGI amino acid sequence is virtually identical to that of its homologue in Echinococcus granulosus, and shares 64% identity and 86% similarity with human PGI. Mammalian PGI is a multi-functional protein which, besides its glycolytic function, can also act as a cytokine, growth factor and inducer of angiogenesis, and plays a role in tumour growth, development and metastasis formation. Recombinant EmPGI (recEmPGI) is also functionally active as a glycolytic enzyme and was found to be present, besides the laminated layer, in vesicle fluid and in germinal layer cell extracts. EmPGI is released from Metacestodes and induces a humoral immune response in experimentally infected mice, and vaccination of mice with recEmPGI renders these mice more resistant towards secondary challenge infection, indicating that EmPGI plays an important role in parasite development and/or in modulating the host-parasite relationship. We show that recEmPGI stimulates the growth of isolated E. multilocularis germinal layer cells in vitro and selectively stimulates the proliferation of bovine adrenal cortex endothelial cells but not of human fibroblasts and rat hepatocytes. Thus, besides its role in glycolysis, EmPGI could also act as a factor that stimulates parasite growth and potentially induces the formation of novel blood vessels around the developing Metacestode in vivo.
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Echinococcus multilocularis: the impact of ionizing radiation on Metacestodes.
Experimental parasitology, 2010Co-Authors: Sebastian Pohle, Andrew Hemphill, Martin Spicher, Raoul Ernst, Colin R. Mackenzie, Thomas Romig, Stephan GrippAbstract:Alveolar echinococcosis is caused by the Metacestode stage of the fox tapeworm Echinococcus multilocularis. Current chemotherapeutical options for the treatment of echinococcosis are not satisfactory, and novel drugs and/or other potential means of therapy are needed. E. multilocularis Metacestodes are characterized by almost potentially unlimited growth, and also display other features of cancerous tumours. In this study, we exposed Metacestodes that were generated in vitro to 50-100 Gy ionizing irradiation, and subsequently investigated the short-term (10-12 days post-treatment) and long-term (14 weeks post-treatment) effects. We found, that in the short-term, no release of alkaline phosphatase (EmAP) activity as a measure for potentially induced damage and loss of viability could be detected, and that the protein expression pattern and protease activities in vesicle fluids and medium supernatants did not alter dramatically following irradiation. However, irradiation was associated with distinct morphological and ultrastructural alterations in the tissue of Metacestodes, affecting most notably cell-cell contacts, mitochondrial shape, glycogen-storage cells and lipid droplet formation. These could be detected already at 10 days following treatment and remained as such also in the long-term. In addition, as determined after 14 weeks of culture, irradiation affected the proliferation and the growth of E. multilocularis Metacestodes. Thus, we demonstrate that radiotherapy does not have a clear-cut parasitocidal effect, but can lead to metabolic impairment of E. multilocularis Metacestodes, as reflected by the distinct morphological and structural alterations induced by irradiation treatment.
Sandra Solano - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Hippocampal sclerosis induced in mice by a Taenia crassiceps Metacestode factor.
Journal of helminthology, 2018Co-Authors: N Zepeda, Sandra Solano, Natalia Copitin, Ana Maria Fernandez, J.l. Chávez, F. García, F. Jaimes-miranda, R. Rincón-heredia, R. Paredes, José Luis MolinariAbstract:An experimental Taenia crassiceps mouse model was used to assess the role of Taenia solium Metacestode factor (Fac) in human neurocysticercosis. Intraperitoneal infection with T. crassiceps Metacestodes or subcutaneous inoculation with a T. crassiceps Metacestode factor (Fac) produced significant impairment of performance (learning) in the Barnes maze and induced bilateral hippocampal sclerosis in mice. Several staining techniques revealed important cell dispersion, extensive apoptosis and cell loss in the dentate gyrus, hilus and CA1-CA3 regions of both hippocampi, as well as intense deterioration of the adjacent cortex. An outstanding disruption of its histoarchitecture in the surrounding tissue of all these regions and apoptosis of the endothelial cells were also observed.
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a taenia crassiceps Metacestode factor enhances ovarian follicle atresia and oocyte degeneration in female mice
Journal of Helminthology, 2015Co-Authors: Sandra Solano, Patricia Tato, N Zepeda, Natalia Copitin, Ana Maria Fernandez, José Luis MolinariAbstract:The histopathological effects of Taenia crassiceps infection or T. crassiceps Metacestode factor inoculation on the mouse ovary were determined using six female mice in three groups: infected mice, mice inoculated with the Metacestode factor and control mice. The control group was subcutaneously inoculated with healthy peritoneal fluid. The infected group was intraperitoneally inoculated with 40 T. crassiceps Metacestodes, and the Metacestode factor group was subcutaneously inoculated with T. crassiceps Metacestode factor (MF). Light and electron microscopy and TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick end labelling) assays revealed a significant increase in ovarian follicular atresia (predominantly in antral/preovulatory stages of development), oocyte degeneration (P< 0.05), and a decrease in the amount of corpus luteum in follicles of mice infected and inoculated with MF compared with the control group. Significant abnormalities of the granulosa cells and oocytes of the primordial, primary and secondary ovarian follicles occurred in both treated mouse groups (P< 0.05) compared with no degeneration in the control group. These pathological changes in female mice either infected with T. crassiceps Metacestodes or inoculated with T. crassiceps MF may have consequences for ovulation and fertility.
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A Taenia crassiceps Metacestode factor enhances ovarian follicle atresia and oocyte degeneration in female mice.
Journal of helminthology, 2013Co-Authors: Sandra Solano, Patricia Tato, N Zepeda, Natalia Copitin, Ana Maria Fernandez, José Luis MolinariAbstract:The histopathological effects of Taenia crassiceps infection or T. crassiceps Metacestode factor inoculation on the mouse ovary were determined using six female mice in three groups: infected mice, mice inoculated with the Metacestode factor and control mice. The control group was subcutaneously inoculated with healthy peritoneal fluid. The infected group was intraperitoneally inoculated with 40 T. crassiceps Metacestodes, and the Metacestode factor group was subcutaneously inoculated with T. crassiceps Metacestode factor (MF). Light and electron microscopy and TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick end labelling) assays revealed a significant increase in ovarian follicular atresia (predominantly in antral/preovulatory stages of development), oocyte degeneration (P
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Lymphocyte apoptosis in the inflammatory reaction around Taenia solium Metacestodes in porcine cysticercosis.
Veterinary parasitology, 2006Co-Authors: Sandra Solano, Patricia Tato, Isabel M Cortés, Natalia I Copitin, José L MolinariAbstract:In the current research, we report apoptosis of lymphocytes in the inflammatory reaction around Metacestodes in muscle tissue from cysticercotic pigs. Two events, high Metacestode viability (100%) and high cysteine protease activity were found to be closely related to a high phosphatydilserine expression by inflammatory lymphocytes (56%). Testing the RPMI medium used for washing away inflammatory cells from Metacestodes with 100% viability, with the fluorescent substrate Z-Phe-Ala-AFC for measuring cysteine protease activity, significant fluorescent values were found. In contrast, tests performed with RPMI medium used for washing away inflammatory cells from Metacestodes with 90% viability or less, showed low fluorescence values. Flow cytometry analyses of inflammatory cells obtained from four naturally cysticercotic pigs, and stained with Annexin-V/PI, showed lymphocytes expressing phosphatidylserine with values of 0, 6, 41 and 56% on their outer surfaces. Electron microscopy studies of inflammatory cells from Metacestodes with 100% viability, showed lymphocytes with strangled and fragmented nuclei, and heterochromatin displaced to the nuclear periphery. In addition, DNA from these cells showed fragmentation in electrophoresis assays. Apoptosis of lymphocytes in the inflammatory reaction around Taenia solium Metacestodes, might have been induced by the parasite cysteine protease, and may be involved in impairing cell-mediated immune responses in human and porcine cysticercosis.
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The implantation of Taenia solium Metacestodes in mice induces down-modulation of T-cell proliferation and cytokine production
Parasitology Research, 2005Co-Authors: Lilian Hernández-mendoza, Sandra Solano, José Luis Molinari, Esperanza Garrido, Isabel Cortés, Enrique Miranda, Patricia TatoAbstract:The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the implantation of Taenia solium Metacestodes and the treatment with suppressive Metacestode factor (F1) on the ability of spleen cells from Balb/c mice to produce cytokines. Cytokine production was estimated 12 days following the implantation or 4 days after the last dose of F1 (five doses) by RT-PCR and flow cytometry analyses. Spleen cells were obtained from Metacestode-implanted, F1-treated and control mice. They were stimulated with concanavalin A (ConA) ex vivo and used for RT-PCR studies and for CD25 expression and intracellular cytokine production estimations using specific monoclonal antibodies labeled with phycoerithrin or fluorescein. Results of the RT-PCR showed that all cells expressed IFN-γ, IL-2 and IL-4 mRNAs. IL-10 mRNA was not expressed in any case. Flow cytometry analyses showed that both spleen CD4^+ and CD8^+ cells from Metacestode-implanted or treated-F1 mice expressed significantly diminished percentages of CD25 when compared with control cells ( P
J. L. Molinari - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A cysteine protease from Taenia solium Metacestodes induce apoptosis in human CD4+ T-cells
Parasitology Research, 2004Co-Authors: P. Tato, A. M. Fernández, S. Solano, V. Borgonio, E. Garrido, J. Sepúlveda, J. L. MolinariAbstract:Here we investigated whether the depletion of CD4+ lymphocytes, observed in mononuclear cells incubated with Taenia solium Metacestode E/S products or with living cysts was due to apoptosis. Using the deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labelling (TUNEL), electron microscopy and DNA gel electrophoresis, we found signs of apoptosis in these cells. Results showed that cysteine protease activity was responsible for this effect, since E-64 prevented cell death in all cases. Electron microscopy studies showed that lymphocytes exhibited features of apoptosis such as cellular membrane integrity, strangling and fragmentation of nuclei, chromatin condensation, apoptotic bodies and loss of microvilli. In contrast, lymphocytes co-cultured with living Metacestodes plus E-64 exhibited integrity of their structures. DNA fragmentation was detected by TUNEL assays and DNA gel electrophoresis. The results suggested that cell death induced by the cysteine protease from the T . solium Metacestode may be involved in down-regulation of cell-mediated responses in infected hosts.
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Suppression of murine lymphocyte proliferation induced by a small RNA purified from theTaenia solium Metacestode
Parasitology Research, 1995Co-Authors: P. Tato, F Arechavaleta, A. M. Castro, D. Rodríguez, R. Soto, J. L. MolinariAbstract:A substance from Taenia solium Metacestodes that decreases lymphocyte proliferation induced by concanavalin A was isolated. The molecular weight of this substance was estimated to be slightly more than 1,450 Da. Crude Metacestode factor was fractionated through a Bio-gel P-6 column. Peak 1 showed suppressive activity. After incubation with RNase the substance lost its activity. Incubation of this material with trypsin or papain increased its suppressive activity. It was stable at boiling temperature for 10 min. The incubation of this substance with murine macrophages had no effect on [^3H]-thymidine uptake by cocultured fresh splenic lymphocytes stimulated with concanavalin A. Conversely, cocultures of lymphocytes pretreated with the substance and fresh splenic lymphocytes showed a decreased incorporation of [^3H]-thymidine. These results suggest that this substance is a RNA-peptide molecule whose RNA moiety accounts for its suppressive activity. The findings also suggest that in vivo the factor may be a modulator of the immune response.
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suppression of murine lymphocyte proliferation induced by a small rna purified from the taenia solium Metacestode
Parasitology Research, 1995Co-Authors: Patricia Tato, Daniel Rodriguez, F Arechavaleta, A. M. Castro, R. Soto, J. L. MolinariAbstract:A substance fromTaenia solium Metacestodes that decreases lymphocyte proliferation induced by concanavalin A was isolated. The molecular weight of this substance was estimated to be slightly more than 1,450 Da. Crude Metacestode factor was fractionated through a Bio-gel P-6 column. Peak 1 showed suppressive activity. After incubation with RNase the substance lost its activity. Incubation of this material with trypsin or papain increased its suppressive activity. It was stable at boiling temperature for 10 min. The incubation of this substance with murine macrophages had no effect on [3H]-thymidine uptake by cocultured fresh splenic lymphocytes stimulated with concanavalin A. Conversely, cocultures of lymphocytes pretreated with the substance and fresh splenic lymphocytes showed a decreased incorporation of [3H]-thymidine. These results suggest that this substance is a RNA-peptide molecule whose RNA moiety accounts for its suppressive activity. The findings also suggest that in vivo the factor may be a modulator of the immune response.
