The Experts below are selected from a list of 123 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Richard E Petty - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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multiple roles for majority versus minority source status on persuasion when source status follows the message
Social Influence, 2014Co-Authors: Javier Horcajo, Pablo Brinol, Richard E PettyAbstract:This research shows that numerical majority (vs minority) status of the source can affect persuasion by different Processes when induced after message Processing. Specifically, we argue that source status affects persuasion by serving as a simple peripheral validity cue under low-elaboration conditions, and by validating thoughts—a Metacognitive Process—under high-elaboration conditions. In the present study the extent of elaboration was manipulated (high vs low), and then participants received a persuasive message composed of either strong or weak arguments that were presented by a source in the numerical majority or minority. This source status information was introduced following the message. We predicted and found that, under high-elaboration conditions the majority source increased the argument quality effect on attitudes in response to the message compared to the minority source. In contrast, under low-elaboration conditions the information regarding source status served as a simple cue, with the ma...
Jean-pierre Nadal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Nonlinear neural network dynamics accounts for human confidence in a sequence of perceptual decisions
Scientific Reports, 2020Co-Authors: Kevin Berlemont, Jean-remy Martin, Jérôme Sackur, Jean-pierre NadalAbstract:Electrophysiological recordings during perceptual decision tasks in monkeys suggest that the degree of confidence in a decision is based on a simple neural signal produced by the neural decision Process. Attractor neural networks provide an appropriate biophysical modeling framework, and account for the experimental results very well. However, it remains unclear whether attractor neural networks can account for confidence reports in humans. We present the results from an experiment in which participants are asked to perform an orientation discrimination task, followed by a confidence judgment. Here we show that an attractor neural network model quantitatively reproduces, for each participant, the relations between accuracy, response times and confidence, as well as sequential effects. Our results suggest that a Metacognitive Process such as confidence in one's decision is linked to the intrinsically nonlinear dynamics of the decision-making neural network.
Javier Horcajo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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multiple roles for majority versus minority source status on persuasion when source status follows the message
Social Influence, 2014Co-Authors: Javier Horcajo, Pablo Brinol, Richard E PettyAbstract:This research shows that numerical majority (vs minority) status of the source can affect persuasion by different Processes when induced after message Processing. Specifically, we argue that source status affects persuasion by serving as a simple peripheral validity cue under low-elaboration conditions, and by validating thoughts—a Metacognitive Process—under high-elaboration conditions. In the present study the extent of elaboration was manipulated (high vs low), and then participants received a persuasive message composed of either strong or weak arguments that were presented by a source in the numerical majority or minority. This source status information was introduced following the message. We predicted and found that, under high-elaboration conditions the majority source increased the argument quality effect on attitudes in response to the message compared to the minority source. In contrast, under low-elaboration conditions the information regarding source status served as a simple cue, with the ma...
Kevin Berlemont - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Nonlinear neural network dynamics accounts for human confidence in a sequence of perceptual decisions
Scientific Reports, 2020Co-Authors: Kevin Berlemont, Jean-remy Martin, Jérôme Sackur, Jean-pierre NadalAbstract:Electrophysiological recordings during perceptual decision tasks in monkeys suggest that the degree of confidence in a decision is based on a simple neural signal produced by the neural decision Process. Attractor neural networks provide an appropriate biophysical modeling framework, and account for the experimental results very well. However, it remains unclear whether attractor neural networks can account for confidence reports in humans. We present the results from an experiment in which participants are asked to perform an orientation discrimination task, followed by a confidence judgment. Here we show that an attractor neural network model quantitatively reproduces, for each participant, the relations between accuracy, response times and confidence, as well as sequential effects. Our results suggest that a Metacognitive Process such as confidence in one's decision is linked to the intrinsically nonlinear dynamics of the decision-making neural network.
Maryam Janatolmakan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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International Nursing: A Study of Sleep Quality Among Nurses and Its Correlation With Cognitive Factors.
Nursing administration quarterly, 2020Co-Authors: Alireza Khatony, Ali Zakiei, Habibolah Khazaie, Mohsen Rezaei, Maryam JanatolmakanAbstract:The objective of this study was to evaluate sleep quality and its relationship to cognitive factors among nurses. Sleep quality among nurses is an important issue, which requires more extensive study. Its correlation with cognitive ability has not been sufficiently considered. Five hundred forty nurses (66.3% female) working in 6 hospitals were selected as the sample of the study. Results show that nurses do not experience good quality of sleep. That is, 77.4% of the sample population of nurses have a poor quality of sleep, and nurses working the night shift have more sleep problems than other nurses. The results show that there is a relationship between dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes about sleep and Metacognitive Process and the quality of sleep, and that these variables can predict sleep quality. Based on the results of the study, it can be said that cognitive and Metacognitive Processes play an important role in sleep quality. Lack of sufficient sleep can create numerous problems for nurses and patients. Attention to the role of cognitive and Metacognitive Processes can help improve the sleep quality of nurses.
