The Experts below are selected from a list of 198 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Michael A. Patak - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Aperistaltic effect of hyoscine N-butylbromide versus glucagon on the small bowel assessed by magnetic resonance imaging
European Radiology, 2009Co-Authors: Johannes M. Froehlich, Christoph L. Zollikofer, Muriel Daenzer, Constantin Weymarn, S. Mehmet Erturk, Michael A. PatakAbstract:The aim of this prospective study was to compare the intraindividual aperistaltic effect of 40 mg hyoscine N -butylbromide (HBB/Buscopan) with that of 1 mg glucagon on small bowel motility by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Ten healthy volunteers underwent two separate 1.5-T MRI studies (HBB/glucagon) after a standardized oral preparation with an aqueous solution of Gd-DOTA and ispaghula (Metamucil). A 2D T1-w GRE sequence was acquired (TR 2.7 ms/TE 1.3 ms, temporal resolution 0.25 s) before and after intravenous (i.v.) drug administration and motility was followed over 1 h. On the resulting images the cross-sectional luminal diameters were assessed and plotted over time. Baseline motility frequency, onset of aperistalsis, duration of arrest, reappearance of motility and return to normal motility were analysed. Significant differences regarding reliability and duration of aperistalsis were observed. In the HBB group aperistalsis lasted a mean of 6.8 ± 5.3 min compared with 18.3 ± 7 min after glucagon ( p
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Aperistaltic effect of hyoscine N-butylbromide versus glucagon on the small bowel assessed by magnetic resonance imaging
European radiology, 2009Co-Authors: Johannes M. Froehlich, Constantin Von Weymarn, Christoph L. Zollikofer, Muriel Daenzer, S. Mehmet Erturk, Michael A. PatakAbstract:The aim of this prospective study was to compare the intraindividual aperistaltic effect of 40 mg hyoscine N-butylbromide (HBB/Buscopan) with that of 1 mg glucagon on small bowel motility by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Ten healthy volunteers underwent two separate 1.5-T MRI studies (HBB/glucagon) after a standardized oral preparation with an aqueous solution of Gd-DOTA and ispaghula (Metamucil). A 2D T1-w GRE sequence was acquired (TR 2.7 ms/TE 1.3 ms, temporal resolution 0.25 s) before and after intravenous (i.v.) drug administration and motility was followed over 1 h. On the resulting images the cross-sectional luminal diameters were assessed and plotted over time. Baseline motility frequency, onset of aperistalsis, duration of arrest, reappearance of motility and return to normal motility were analysed. Significant differences regarding reliability and duration of aperistalsis were observed. In the HBB group aperistalsis lasted a mean of 6.8 +/- 5.3 min compared with 18.3 +/- 7 min after glucagon (p < 0.0001). In 50% of cases HBB did not accomplish aperistalsis, whereas glucagon always succeeded (p = 0.05). There were no significant differences in terms of baseline and end frequencies for the onset of aperistalsis (22.2 +/- 37.5 s HBB/13.4 +/- 9.2 s glucagon, p = 0.1), nor for the return to normal motility. Arrest of small bowel motion is achieved more reliably and lasts significantly longer after i.v. administration of 1 mg glucagon compared with 40 mg HBB.
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Gradient-enhanced volume rendering: an image processing strategy to facilitate whole small bowel imaging with MRI
European Radiology, 2006Co-Authors: Michael Wyss, Michael A. Patak, Christoph L. Zollikofer, Johannes M. Froehlich, Christoph F. Juli, Markus B. Scheidegger, Klaus U. WentzAbstract:MRI of the small bowel with positive contrast from orally administered contrast agent is a promising non-invasive imaging method. The aim of our study was to introduce small bowel MRI in a display format that clinicians are accustomed to and that maximizes the amount of information visualized on a single image. Twelve healthy volunteers, median age 32 years (range 18–49 years) participated in the study. A mixture of 20 ml Gd-DOTA (Dotarem), 0.8 g/kg body weight psyllium fibre (Metamucil) and 1.2 l water were sequentially administered over a period of 4 h. Imaging was performed on a 1.5 T unit (Philips Gyroscan, Intera). Fat-saturated, 3D, gradient echo imaging was performed while the patient was in apnea (30 s). Bowel motion was reduced with 40 mg intravenously administered scopolamine (Buscopan). A 3D, gradient-enhanced, volume rendering technique was applied to the 3D data sets. Standard projections [left anterior oblique (LAO), right anterior oblique (RAO), supine and prone] resembling conventional enteroclysis were successfully generated within fewer than 10 min processing time. Reconstructions were reproducible and provided an entire overview of the small bowel. In addition thin-slab volume rendering allowed an overlap-free display of individual structures. Positive contrast from orally administered contrast agent, combined with a gradient enhanced volume rendering method, allows the reconstruction of the small bowel in a pattern resembling conventional double-contrast enteroclysis. Segmental display without overlay is possible.
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Small bowel motility assessment with magnetic resonance imaging
Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI, 2005Co-Authors: Johannes M. Froehlich, Michael A. Patak, Constantin Von Weymarn, Christoph L. Zollikofer, Christoph F. Juli, Klaus-ulrich WentzAbstract:Purpose To assess primarily the feasibility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a tool to monitor small bowel peristaltic motion and secondarily to validate this technique by demonstrating drug-induced motility changes. Materials and Methods After a standardized oral preparation of Ispaghula husk (Metamucil®) and meglumine gadoterate (Gd-DOTA; Dotarem®), 10 volunteers underwent dynamic MRI using a two-dimensional turbofast field echo (TFE) sequence with a slice repetition time of 500 msec. Intraluminal cross-sectional caliber changes over time were assessed allowing quantification of the peristaltic frequencies and amplitudes of the small gut on various regions of interest. Pharmacologically induced alterations of the peristaltic motion after spasmolytics and gastrokinetic motion enhancers were investigated. Results Small bowel diameter measurement resulted in a peristalsis of 10.96 (SD = ±2.51) waves per minute, oscillating regularly with mean amplitudes of 6.65 mm (SD = ±1.15 mm). Peristaltic frequency in normal individuals is consistent with that observed with other techniques. Intravenous administration of scopolamine butylbromide (= hyoscine butylbromide/Buscopan®) resulted in small bowel paralysis within 21.3 seconds (SD = ±2.8 seconds). Prokinetic effect of intravenous metoclopramide (Paspertin®) after Buscopan paralysis was tested in one volunteer, characterized by a slow recovery of peristalsis, which propagated from the proximal to the distal segments and enhanced contraction amplitudes. Conclusion Dynamic MRI allows observing and quantifying small bowel peristalsis, characterizing motion patterns, and monitoring the effects of interfering factors such as drugs. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2005;21:370–375. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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Non-invasive Distension of the Small Bowel for Optimized Magnetic Resonance Imaging.
2001Co-Authors: Michael A. Patak, John M. Froehlich, Constantin Von Weymarn, Marc A Ritz, Christoph L. ZollikoferAbstract:Introduction Sufficient distension of the gut is crucial for intestinal imaging [1]. Enteroclysis is the standard approach for small bowel imaging but is invasive and often traumatising for the patient [2]. Recently first reports on MR-enteroclysis have been published [3]. But even with MR-enteroclysis nasogastric intubation and tube placement under Xray fluoroscopy is used by other authors [3]. Purpose: The introduction of a totally non-invasive reliable peroral bowel distension method for MR imaging of the small bowel. Methods 10 volunteers (5 female, 5 male) participated in the study. The exclusion criteria were known gastrointestinal disease and general contraindications to MRI. The study protocol was approved by the ethics committee of the hospital. Each volunteer gave a written informed consent. A total of 20 ml Gd-DOTA (Meglumine gadoterate, Dotarem®, Guerbet, Roissy, France) in combination with 0.8g/kg body weight Metamucil® (Ispaghulae testae pulvis, Procter&Gamble, Cinicinatti, Ohio, USA) were divided into 4 doses and diluted in a minimum of 250ml of water, each taken orally every hour. Except additional water no other food or beverages were allowed. One hour after the last intake imaging was performed using a 1.5T MR unit (Philips Gyroscan NT PT 6000). 40mg iv Scopolamine butyl bromide (Buscopan®, Boehringer Ingelheim, Germany) were administered in order to minimise bowel motion. A 3D gradient echo data set with an isotropic resolution of 1.5mm (TR/TE 4.0/ 1.1 ms, flip-angle 25°, 80 slices, matrix 256X256, FOV 400mm) was acquired in apnoea over 30 seconds in prone position. Data analysis was performed on a workstation (Easyvision, Philips) over the whole length of contrasted small bowel including all 3Dslices. Consensus evaluation was done incrementally by three of the authors (MP, JF, KUW) using the following criteria on a five point scale: 1. semiquantitative measurement of distension (ranging from collapsed over slight (up to 10mm), intermediate (between 10 and 20mm) to full distension (over 20mm)), 2. homogeneity of signal intensity within the lumen (ranging from 1 for inhomogeneous to 5 for completely homogeneous), 3. demarcation of the contrast enhanced bowel against surrounding tissue (ranging from 1 for nondistinguishable to 5 for clear demarcation), 4. presence of artifacts(ranging from 1 for no artifacts to 5 for severe image degradation). Results The combined intake of Metamucil® and contrast medium was well tolerated. Besides slight abdominal discomfort and sensation of fullness no other side effect were observed. Eight volunteers ingested the contrast mixture exactly over four hours with image acquisition starting one hour after the last intake. In these, contrast spread was excellent beginning at the duodenum (in 2 cases) or at the proximal jejunum (in 6 cases) and reaching to the terminal ileum or beyond. In two volunteers imaging was delayed by two hours and the contrast column was already carried further distally. Concerning the degree of distension, 10 (± 2)% of small bowel segments were collapsed mainly at pronounced bends. 6 (± 4)% showed slight distension up to 10mm, 49 (± 25)% of segments had an intermediate width (between 10 and 20mm) and 32 (± 27)% were fully distended. Fig1: After oral intake of a combination of Metamucil® with an aqueous solution of GdDOTA as a positive intralumina contrast agent a 3D data set was acquired (A). The excellent bowel delineation and the optimal distension allows the post-processing of the data for virtual endoscopy of the small bowel (B).
Christoph L. Zollikofer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Aperistaltic effect of hyoscine N-butylbromide versus glucagon on the small bowel assessed by magnetic resonance imaging
European Radiology, 2009Co-Authors: Johannes M. Froehlich, Christoph L. Zollikofer, Muriel Daenzer, Constantin Weymarn, S. Mehmet Erturk, Michael A. PatakAbstract:The aim of this prospective study was to compare the intraindividual aperistaltic effect of 40 mg hyoscine N -butylbromide (HBB/Buscopan) with that of 1 mg glucagon on small bowel motility by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Ten healthy volunteers underwent two separate 1.5-T MRI studies (HBB/glucagon) after a standardized oral preparation with an aqueous solution of Gd-DOTA and ispaghula (Metamucil). A 2D T1-w GRE sequence was acquired (TR 2.7 ms/TE 1.3 ms, temporal resolution 0.25 s) before and after intravenous (i.v.) drug administration and motility was followed over 1 h. On the resulting images the cross-sectional luminal diameters were assessed and plotted over time. Baseline motility frequency, onset of aperistalsis, duration of arrest, reappearance of motility and return to normal motility were analysed. Significant differences regarding reliability and duration of aperistalsis were observed. In the HBB group aperistalsis lasted a mean of 6.8 ± 5.3 min compared with 18.3 ± 7 min after glucagon ( p
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Aperistaltic effect of hyoscine N-butylbromide versus glucagon on the small bowel assessed by magnetic resonance imaging
European radiology, 2009Co-Authors: Johannes M. Froehlich, Constantin Von Weymarn, Christoph L. Zollikofer, Muriel Daenzer, S. Mehmet Erturk, Michael A. PatakAbstract:The aim of this prospective study was to compare the intraindividual aperistaltic effect of 40 mg hyoscine N-butylbromide (HBB/Buscopan) with that of 1 mg glucagon on small bowel motility by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Ten healthy volunteers underwent two separate 1.5-T MRI studies (HBB/glucagon) after a standardized oral preparation with an aqueous solution of Gd-DOTA and ispaghula (Metamucil). A 2D T1-w GRE sequence was acquired (TR 2.7 ms/TE 1.3 ms, temporal resolution 0.25 s) before and after intravenous (i.v.) drug administration and motility was followed over 1 h. On the resulting images the cross-sectional luminal diameters were assessed and plotted over time. Baseline motility frequency, onset of aperistalsis, duration of arrest, reappearance of motility and return to normal motility were analysed. Significant differences regarding reliability and duration of aperistalsis were observed. In the HBB group aperistalsis lasted a mean of 6.8 +/- 5.3 min compared with 18.3 +/- 7 min after glucagon (p < 0.0001). In 50% of cases HBB did not accomplish aperistalsis, whereas glucagon always succeeded (p = 0.05). There were no significant differences in terms of baseline and end frequencies for the onset of aperistalsis (22.2 +/- 37.5 s HBB/13.4 +/- 9.2 s glucagon, p = 0.1), nor for the return to normal motility. Arrest of small bowel motion is achieved more reliably and lasts significantly longer after i.v. administration of 1 mg glucagon compared with 40 mg HBB.
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Gradient-enhanced volume rendering: an image processing strategy to facilitate whole small bowel imaging with MRI
European Radiology, 2006Co-Authors: Michael Wyss, Michael A. Patak, Christoph L. Zollikofer, Johannes M. Froehlich, Christoph F. Juli, Markus B. Scheidegger, Klaus U. WentzAbstract:MRI of the small bowel with positive contrast from orally administered contrast agent is a promising non-invasive imaging method. The aim of our study was to introduce small bowel MRI in a display format that clinicians are accustomed to and that maximizes the amount of information visualized on a single image. Twelve healthy volunteers, median age 32 years (range 18–49 years) participated in the study. A mixture of 20 ml Gd-DOTA (Dotarem), 0.8 g/kg body weight psyllium fibre (Metamucil) and 1.2 l water were sequentially administered over a period of 4 h. Imaging was performed on a 1.5 T unit (Philips Gyroscan, Intera). Fat-saturated, 3D, gradient echo imaging was performed while the patient was in apnea (30 s). Bowel motion was reduced with 40 mg intravenously administered scopolamine (Buscopan). A 3D, gradient-enhanced, volume rendering technique was applied to the 3D data sets. Standard projections [left anterior oblique (LAO), right anterior oblique (RAO), supine and prone] resembling conventional enteroclysis were successfully generated within fewer than 10 min processing time. Reconstructions were reproducible and provided an entire overview of the small bowel. In addition thin-slab volume rendering allowed an overlap-free display of individual structures. Positive contrast from orally administered contrast agent, combined with a gradient enhanced volume rendering method, allows the reconstruction of the small bowel in a pattern resembling conventional double-contrast enteroclysis. Segmental display without overlay is possible.
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Small bowel motility assessment with magnetic resonance imaging
Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI, 2005Co-Authors: Johannes M. Froehlich, Michael A. Patak, Constantin Von Weymarn, Christoph L. Zollikofer, Christoph F. Juli, Klaus-ulrich WentzAbstract:Purpose To assess primarily the feasibility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a tool to monitor small bowel peristaltic motion and secondarily to validate this technique by demonstrating drug-induced motility changes. Materials and Methods After a standardized oral preparation of Ispaghula husk (Metamucil®) and meglumine gadoterate (Gd-DOTA; Dotarem®), 10 volunteers underwent dynamic MRI using a two-dimensional turbofast field echo (TFE) sequence with a slice repetition time of 500 msec. Intraluminal cross-sectional caliber changes over time were assessed allowing quantification of the peristaltic frequencies and amplitudes of the small gut on various regions of interest. Pharmacologically induced alterations of the peristaltic motion after spasmolytics and gastrokinetic motion enhancers were investigated. Results Small bowel diameter measurement resulted in a peristalsis of 10.96 (SD = ±2.51) waves per minute, oscillating regularly with mean amplitudes of 6.65 mm (SD = ±1.15 mm). Peristaltic frequency in normal individuals is consistent with that observed with other techniques. Intravenous administration of scopolamine butylbromide (= hyoscine butylbromide/Buscopan®) resulted in small bowel paralysis within 21.3 seconds (SD = ±2.8 seconds). Prokinetic effect of intravenous metoclopramide (Paspertin®) after Buscopan paralysis was tested in one volunteer, characterized by a slow recovery of peristalsis, which propagated from the proximal to the distal segments and enhanced contraction amplitudes. Conclusion Dynamic MRI allows observing and quantifying small bowel peristalsis, characterizing motion patterns, and monitoring the effects of interfering factors such as drugs. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2005;21:370–375. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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Non-invasive Distension of the Small Bowel for Optimized Magnetic Resonance Imaging.
2001Co-Authors: Michael A. Patak, John M. Froehlich, Constantin Von Weymarn, Marc A Ritz, Christoph L. ZollikoferAbstract:Introduction Sufficient distension of the gut is crucial for intestinal imaging [1]. Enteroclysis is the standard approach for small bowel imaging but is invasive and often traumatising for the patient [2]. Recently first reports on MR-enteroclysis have been published [3]. But even with MR-enteroclysis nasogastric intubation and tube placement under Xray fluoroscopy is used by other authors [3]. Purpose: The introduction of a totally non-invasive reliable peroral bowel distension method for MR imaging of the small bowel. Methods 10 volunteers (5 female, 5 male) participated in the study. The exclusion criteria were known gastrointestinal disease and general contraindications to MRI. The study protocol was approved by the ethics committee of the hospital. Each volunteer gave a written informed consent. A total of 20 ml Gd-DOTA (Meglumine gadoterate, Dotarem®, Guerbet, Roissy, France) in combination with 0.8g/kg body weight Metamucil® (Ispaghulae testae pulvis, Procter&Gamble, Cinicinatti, Ohio, USA) were divided into 4 doses and diluted in a minimum of 250ml of water, each taken orally every hour. Except additional water no other food or beverages were allowed. One hour after the last intake imaging was performed using a 1.5T MR unit (Philips Gyroscan NT PT 6000). 40mg iv Scopolamine butyl bromide (Buscopan®, Boehringer Ingelheim, Germany) were administered in order to minimise bowel motion. A 3D gradient echo data set with an isotropic resolution of 1.5mm (TR/TE 4.0/ 1.1 ms, flip-angle 25°, 80 slices, matrix 256X256, FOV 400mm) was acquired in apnoea over 30 seconds in prone position. Data analysis was performed on a workstation (Easyvision, Philips) over the whole length of contrasted small bowel including all 3Dslices. Consensus evaluation was done incrementally by three of the authors (MP, JF, KUW) using the following criteria on a five point scale: 1. semiquantitative measurement of distension (ranging from collapsed over slight (up to 10mm), intermediate (between 10 and 20mm) to full distension (over 20mm)), 2. homogeneity of signal intensity within the lumen (ranging from 1 for inhomogeneous to 5 for completely homogeneous), 3. demarcation of the contrast enhanced bowel against surrounding tissue (ranging from 1 for nondistinguishable to 5 for clear demarcation), 4. presence of artifacts(ranging from 1 for no artifacts to 5 for severe image degradation). Results The combined intake of Metamucil® and contrast medium was well tolerated. Besides slight abdominal discomfort and sensation of fullness no other side effect were observed. Eight volunteers ingested the contrast mixture exactly over four hours with image acquisition starting one hour after the last intake. In these, contrast spread was excellent beginning at the duodenum (in 2 cases) or at the proximal jejunum (in 6 cases) and reaching to the terminal ileum or beyond. In two volunteers imaging was delayed by two hours and the contrast column was already carried further distally. Concerning the degree of distension, 10 (± 2)% of small bowel segments were collapsed mainly at pronounced bends. 6 (± 4)% showed slight distension up to 10mm, 49 (± 25)% of segments had an intermediate width (between 10 and 20mm) and 32 (± 27)% were fully distended. Fig1: After oral intake of a combination of Metamucil® with an aqueous solution of GdDOTA as a positive intralumina contrast agent a 3D data set was acquired (A). The excellent bowel delineation and the optimal distension allows the post-processing of the data for virtual endoscopy of the small bowel (B).
Johannes M. Froehlich - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Aperistaltic effect of hyoscine N-butylbromide versus glucagon on the small bowel assessed by magnetic resonance imaging
European Radiology, 2009Co-Authors: Johannes M. Froehlich, Christoph L. Zollikofer, Muriel Daenzer, Constantin Weymarn, S. Mehmet Erturk, Michael A. PatakAbstract:The aim of this prospective study was to compare the intraindividual aperistaltic effect of 40 mg hyoscine N -butylbromide (HBB/Buscopan) with that of 1 mg glucagon on small bowel motility by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Ten healthy volunteers underwent two separate 1.5-T MRI studies (HBB/glucagon) after a standardized oral preparation with an aqueous solution of Gd-DOTA and ispaghula (Metamucil). A 2D T1-w GRE sequence was acquired (TR 2.7 ms/TE 1.3 ms, temporal resolution 0.25 s) before and after intravenous (i.v.) drug administration and motility was followed over 1 h. On the resulting images the cross-sectional luminal diameters were assessed and plotted over time. Baseline motility frequency, onset of aperistalsis, duration of arrest, reappearance of motility and return to normal motility were analysed. Significant differences regarding reliability and duration of aperistalsis were observed. In the HBB group aperistalsis lasted a mean of 6.8 ± 5.3 min compared with 18.3 ± 7 min after glucagon ( p
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Aperistaltic effect of hyoscine N-butylbromide versus glucagon on the small bowel assessed by magnetic resonance imaging
European radiology, 2009Co-Authors: Johannes M. Froehlich, Constantin Von Weymarn, Christoph L. Zollikofer, Muriel Daenzer, S. Mehmet Erturk, Michael A. PatakAbstract:The aim of this prospective study was to compare the intraindividual aperistaltic effect of 40 mg hyoscine N-butylbromide (HBB/Buscopan) with that of 1 mg glucagon on small bowel motility by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Ten healthy volunteers underwent two separate 1.5-T MRI studies (HBB/glucagon) after a standardized oral preparation with an aqueous solution of Gd-DOTA and ispaghula (Metamucil). A 2D T1-w GRE sequence was acquired (TR 2.7 ms/TE 1.3 ms, temporal resolution 0.25 s) before and after intravenous (i.v.) drug administration and motility was followed over 1 h. On the resulting images the cross-sectional luminal diameters were assessed and plotted over time. Baseline motility frequency, onset of aperistalsis, duration of arrest, reappearance of motility and return to normal motility were analysed. Significant differences regarding reliability and duration of aperistalsis were observed. In the HBB group aperistalsis lasted a mean of 6.8 +/- 5.3 min compared with 18.3 +/- 7 min after glucagon (p < 0.0001). In 50% of cases HBB did not accomplish aperistalsis, whereas glucagon always succeeded (p = 0.05). There were no significant differences in terms of baseline and end frequencies for the onset of aperistalsis (22.2 +/- 37.5 s HBB/13.4 +/- 9.2 s glucagon, p = 0.1), nor for the return to normal motility. Arrest of small bowel motion is achieved more reliably and lasts significantly longer after i.v. administration of 1 mg glucagon compared with 40 mg HBB.
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Gradient-enhanced volume rendering: an image processing strategy to facilitate whole small bowel imaging with MRI
European Radiology, 2006Co-Authors: Michael Wyss, Michael A. Patak, Christoph L. Zollikofer, Johannes M. Froehlich, Christoph F. Juli, Markus B. Scheidegger, Klaus U. WentzAbstract:MRI of the small bowel with positive contrast from orally administered contrast agent is a promising non-invasive imaging method. The aim of our study was to introduce small bowel MRI in a display format that clinicians are accustomed to and that maximizes the amount of information visualized on a single image. Twelve healthy volunteers, median age 32 years (range 18–49 years) participated in the study. A mixture of 20 ml Gd-DOTA (Dotarem), 0.8 g/kg body weight psyllium fibre (Metamucil) and 1.2 l water were sequentially administered over a period of 4 h. Imaging was performed on a 1.5 T unit (Philips Gyroscan, Intera). Fat-saturated, 3D, gradient echo imaging was performed while the patient was in apnea (30 s). Bowel motion was reduced with 40 mg intravenously administered scopolamine (Buscopan). A 3D, gradient-enhanced, volume rendering technique was applied to the 3D data sets. Standard projections [left anterior oblique (LAO), right anterior oblique (RAO), supine and prone] resembling conventional enteroclysis were successfully generated within fewer than 10 min processing time. Reconstructions were reproducible and provided an entire overview of the small bowel. In addition thin-slab volume rendering allowed an overlap-free display of individual structures. Positive contrast from orally administered contrast agent, combined with a gradient enhanced volume rendering method, allows the reconstruction of the small bowel in a pattern resembling conventional double-contrast enteroclysis. Segmental display without overlay is possible.
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Small bowel motility assessment with magnetic resonance imaging
Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI, 2005Co-Authors: Johannes M. Froehlich, Michael A. Patak, Constantin Von Weymarn, Christoph L. Zollikofer, Christoph F. Juli, Klaus-ulrich WentzAbstract:Purpose To assess primarily the feasibility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a tool to monitor small bowel peristaltic motion and secondarily to validate this technique by demonstrating drug-induced motility changes. Materials and Methods After a standardized oral preparation of Ispaghula husk (Metamucil®) and meglumine gadoterate (Gd-DOTA; Dotarem®), 10 volunteers underwent dynamic MRI using a two-dimensional turbofast field echo (TFE) sequence with a slice repetition time of 500 msec. Intraluminal cross-sectional caliber changes over time were assessed allowing quantification of the peristaltic frequencies and amplitudes of the small gut on various regions of interest. Pharmacologically induced alterations of the peristaltic motion after spasmolytics and gastrokinetic motion enhancers were investigated. Results Small bowel diameter measurement resulted in a peristalsis of 10.96 (SD = ±2.51) waves per minute, oscillating regularly with mean amplitudes of 6.65 mm (SD = ±1.15 mm). Peristaltic frequency in normal individuals is consistent with that observed with other techniques. Intravenous administration of scopolamine butylbromide (= hyoscine butylbromide/Buscopan®) resulted in small bowel paralysis within 21.3 seconds (SD = ±2.8 seconds). Prokinetic effect of intravenous metoclopramide (Paspertin®) after Buscopan paralysis was tested in one volunteer, characterized by a slow recovery of peristalsis, which propagated from the proximal to the distal segments and enhanced contraction amplitudes. Conclusion Dynamic MRI allows observing and quantifying small bowel peristalsis, characterizing motion patterns, and monitoring the effects of interfering factors such as drugs. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2005;21:370–375. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Nuria Martín-carrón - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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In vitro fermentation and hydration properties of commercial dietary fiber-rich supplements
Nutrition Research, 1998Co-Authors: Isabel Goñi, Nuria Martín-carrónAbstract:Abstract Eight commercial dietary fiber (DF)-rich supplements were analyzed in vitro to assess swelling, water retention capacity (WRC) and fermentation. The supplements were fermented with rat cecal as inoculum for 24 h, and short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, fermentability, dry matter disappearance (DMD) and gas production were determined. Products containing mainly soluble fiber components (Metamucil, Humamil, Fybogel and Fibraplan) showed the highest capacity of retaining water and fermentability. Swelling (mL per g dry matter) ranged from 6.2 for Fibra Leo Apple Prune to 24 for Fibraplan. Total SCFA production was significantly correlated to DMD (r = 0.969, R 2 = 0.9385) and to gas production (r = 0.901, R 2 = 0.8113). Hydration properties and fermentative characteristics were different among the studied supplements, these in vitro techniques could be useful to evaluate their potential physiological effects.
Isabel Goñi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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In vitro fermentation and hydration properties of commercial dietary fiber-rich supplements
Nutrition Research, 1998Co-Authors: Isabel Goñi, Nuria Martín-carrónAbstract:Abstract Eight commercial dietary fiber (DF)-rich supplements were analyzed in vitro to assess swelling, water retention capacity (WRC) and fermentation. The supplements were fermented with rat cecal as inoculum for 24 h, and short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, fermentability, dry matter disappearance (DMD) and gas production were determined. Products containing mainly soluble fiber components (Metamucil, Humamil, Fybogel and Fibraplan) showed the highest capacity of retaining water and fermentability. Swelling (mL per g dry matter) ranged from 6.2 for Fibra Leo Apple Prune to 24 for Fibraplan. Total SCFA production was significantly correlated to DMD (r = 0.969, R 2 = 0.9385) and to gas production (r = 0.901, R 2 = 0.8113). Hydration properties and fermentative characteristics were different among the studied supplements, these in vitro techniques could be useful to evaluate their potential physiological effects.