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Peter Jenniskens - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a comparative study of radar and optical observations of Meteor Showers using saamer os and cams
Planetary and Space Science, 2020Co-Authors: Peter Jenniskens, Diego Janches, Juan Sebastian Bruzzone, R Weryk, Jose Luis HormaecheaAbstract:Abstract We present a comparison of radar and optical Meteor shower radiant distributions with the Southern Argentina Agile Meteor Radar-Orbital System (SAAMER-OS) and the Cameras for Allsky Meteor Surveillance (CAMS). This study comprise seven years of Meteor radar surveillance with SAAMER-OS and over eight years of the CAMS video Meteor data. In total, over five million Meteor radar and close to 500,000 video Meteor orbits are analyzed thus providing a robust statistical dataset. With a five-fold increase in SAAMER-OS orbits, we revisit the initial SAAMER-OS shower survey and compare a selection of 20 established Meteor Showers against those reported by CAMS.
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On removing Showers from the IAU Working List of Meteor Showers
Planetary and Space Science, 2020Co-Authors: Peter Jenniskens, Mária Hajduková, Tadeusz J. Jopek, Diego Janches, Gulchehra I. Kokhirova, Regina RudawskaAbstract:Abstract The purpose of the IAU Working List of Meteor Showers is to keep the literature transparent by assigning a unique name, number and three-letter code to each newly reported Meteor shower. Here, a report is given on newly adopted procedures for the removal of Showers from the Working List. Entries that are shown to be duplicates or statistically insignificant detections in published papers can be moved to the List of Removed Showers, with the reason for removal described. In order to help identify duplicates, a link to a “look-up table” that describes the dispersion of a shower’s solar longitude, radiant and speed, will be added to the shower entries.
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A survey of southern hemisphere Meteor Showers
Planetary and Space Science, 2018Co-Authors: Peter Jenniskens, Jim Albers, Jack Baggaley, Ian Crumpton, Peter Aldous, Petr Pokorny, Diego Janches, Peter S. Gural, Dave Samuels, Andreas HowellAbstract:Abstract Results are presented from a video-based Meteoroid orbit survey conducted in New Zealand between Sept. 2014 and Dec. 2016, which netted 24,906 orbits from +5 to −5 magnitude Meteors. 44 new southern hemisphere Meteor Showers are identified after combining this data with that of other video-based networks. Results are compared to Showers reported from recent radar-based surveys. We find that video cameras and radar often see different Showers and sometimes measure different semi-major axis distributions for the same Meteoroid stream. For identifying Showers in sparse daily orbit data, a shower look-up table of radiant position and speed as a function of time was created. This can replace the commonly used method of identifying Showers from a set of mean orbital elements by using a discriminant criterion, which does not fully describe the distribution of Meteor shower radiants over time.
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Meteor Showers in review
Planetary and Space Science, 2017Co-Authors: Peter JenniskensAbstract:Abstract Recent work on Meteor Showers is reviewed. New data is presented on the long duration Showers that wander in sun-centered ecliptic coordinates. Since the early days of Meteor photography, much progress has been made in mapping visual Meteor Showers, using low-light video cameras instead. Now, some 820,000 Meteoroid orbits have been measured by four orbit surveys during 2007–2015. Mapped in sun-centered ecliptic coordinates in 5° intervals of solar longitude, the data show a number of long duration (>15 days) Meteor Showers that have drifting radiants and speeds with solar longitude. 18 Showers emerge from the antihelion source and follow a drift pattern towards high ecliptic latitudes. 27 Halley-type Showers in the apex source move mostly towards lower ecliptic longitudes, but those at high ecliptic latitudes move backwards. Also, 5 low-speed Showers appear between the toroidal ring and the apex source, moving towards the antihelion source. Most other Showers do not last long, or do not move much in sun-centered ecliptic coordinates. The surveys also detected episodic Showers, which mostly document the early stages of Meteoroid stream formation. New data on the sporadic background have shed light on the dynamical evolution of the zodiacal cloud.
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cams verification of single linked high threshold d criterion detected Meteor Showers
Icarus, 2016Co-Authors: Peter Jenniskens, Quentin NénonAbstract:Abstract From preliminary 2010–2011 results of the Cameras for Allsky Meteor Surveillance (CAMS) Meteoroid orbit survey, which were combined with published 2007–2009 SonotaCo video Meteor network data, 55 new Meteor Showers (##448–502) were identified and added to the IAU Working List on Meteor Showers in 2012. These Showers were identified based on an automated single-linked D SH -criterion analysis of a combined 105,000 orbits with high-threshold (a low D SH V g > 40 km/s Showers, 54% of the V g = 18–40 km/s Showers, and 90% of the slow V g
Jeremie Vaubaillon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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dynamical modeling validation of parent bodies associated with newly discovered cmn Meteor Showers
Astronomy and Astrophysics, 2017Co-Authors: Damir Segon, Jeremie Vaubaillon, Peter S. Gural, Denis Vida, željko Andreic, Korado Korlevic, Ivica SkokicAbstract:Context. Results from previous searches for new Meteor Showers in the combined Croatian Meteor Network and SonotaCo Meteor databases suggested possible parent bodies for several newly identified Showers. Aims. We aim to perform an analysis to validate the connection between the identified Showers and candidate parent bodies. Methods. Simulated particles were ejected from candidate parent bodies, a dynamical modeling was performed and the results were compared to the real Meteor shower observations. Results. From the 13 analysed cases, three were found to be connected with comets, four with asteroids which are possibly dormant comets, four were inconclusive or negative, and two need more observational data before any conclusions can be drawn.
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a study to improve the past orbit of comet c 1917 f1 mellish on the basis of its observed Meteor Showers
Astronomy and Astrophysics, 2016Co-Authors: L Neslusan, Jeremie Vaubaillon, M HajdukovaAbstract:Context. Periodic comets are known to be the parent bodies of Meteoroid streams. The stream of a given comet can split into several filaments. These can be observed in the Earth’s atmosphere as more than just a single Meteor shower. One such comet is C/1917 F1 (Mellish), which associates at least two, possibly four, Meteor Showers that have been recorded in the Meteor databases. In a recent study, the dynamical evolution of the C/1917 F1’s theoretical stream was followed by only considering the gravitational perturbations. The properties of individual filaments of this stream, corresponding to the appropriate Meteor Showers, were not predicted perfectly. Aims. To reach better agreement between theory and observation, we repeatedly model the theoretical stream of C/1917 F1. In the modeling, we also include the Poynting-Robertson drag acting on Meteoroids and assume an action of the non-gravitational effects on the parent comet dynamics. If success was achieved, the modeling could become a tool that would enable us to recover the past orbital history of the parent comet. Methods. Considering the nominal orbit, as well as several cloned orbits, of the comet C/1917 F1, we modeled its theoretical streams. The modeling was performed for several past perihelion passages. Each modeled stream consists of 10 000 test particles that are influenced by the Poynting-Robertson drag of various strengths. Results. We achieve a partial improvement in the prediction of the properties of all four Meteor Showers. The Poynting-Robertson drag helps to improve the match between the theory and observation of three of the four Showers. However, when considering the nominal orbit of the parent comet, a perfect match seems to be impossible. A close match in the case of the most problematic shower is achieved using a cloned orbit, but this is not applicable to reality because the simultaneous predictions of the properties of the other three Showers fail.
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A new method to predict Meteor Showers. I. Description of the model
Astronomy and Astrophysics - A&A, 2016Co-Authors: Jeremie Vaubaillon, Francis Colas, Laurent JordaAbstract:Observations of Meteor Showers allow us to constrain several cometary parameter and to retrieve useful parameters on cometary dust grains, for instance the dust size distribution index s. In this first paper, we describe a new model to compute the time and level of a Meteor shower whose parent body is a known periodic comet. The aim of our work was to use all the available knowledge on cometary dust to avoid most of the "a priori" hypotheses of previous Meteoroid stream models. The ejection velocity is based on a hydrodynamic model. Because of the large amount of particles released by the comet, it is impossible to compute the orbits of all of them. Instead, we link each computed particle with the real number of Meteoroids ejected in the same conditions, through a "dirty snowball" cometary model calibrated with the [A f ρ] parameter. We used a massive numerical integration for all the particles without hypotheses about size distribution. The time of maximum is evaluated from the position of the nodes of impacting Meteoroids. The model allows us to compute ephemerides of Meteors Showers and the spatial density of Meteors streams, from which a ZHR can be estimated. At the end a fit of our predictions with observations allows us to compute the dust size distribution index. We used 2002 and 2003 leonid Meteor Showers to illustrate our method. The application of our model to the Leonid Meteor shower from 1833 to 2100 is given in Paper II.
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A new method to predict Meteor Showers. II. Application to the Leonids
Astronomy and Astrophysics - A&A, 2016Co-Authors: Jeremie Vaubaillon, Francis Colas, Laurent JordaAbstract:Our model of Meteor shower forecasting (described in Paper I) is applied to the Leonid shower. This model is based on the "dirty snowball" model of comets, and on heavy numerical simulation of the generation and evolution of Meteoroid streams. The amount of dust emitted by comet 55P/Tempel-Tuttle is computed. A statistical weight is associated to each simulated particle. This weight represents the real amount of Meteoroids released by the comet. Particles close to the Earth are examined. There is no unique set of initial conditions (velocity and angle of ejection) for them to reach the Earth at the time of the shower. The shape of the metoroid stream projected on the ecliptic is not elliptical, due to non-gravitational forces and ejection processes. The mixing of particles is revealed to be very efficient. A comparison between observations and predictions of Leonid Meteor Showers is done. The time of maximum is found to be very accurate, except for certain years (1999 in particular). This problem is common to all models. The level of the predicted shower is obtained through a fit of the size distribution index s = 2.4±0.1. This model provides a unique opportunity to derive cometary parameters from Meteor shower observations. Leonid Meteor shower forecasts are provided for years up to 2100. The next storm is expected in 2034.
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Meteoric ion layers in the ionospheres of venus and mars early observations and consideration of the role of Meteor Showers
Advances in Space Research, 2013Co-Authors: Paul Withers, Apostolos A Christou, Jeremie VaubaillonAbstract:Abstract Layers of metal ions produced by Meteoroid ablation have been known in Earth’s ionosphere for decades, but have only recently been discovered at Venus and Mars. Here we report the results of a search for Meteoric layers in earlier datasets from Venus and Mars. We find 13 candidates at Venus in Mariner 10, Venera 9/10, and Pioneer Venus Orbiter data that augment the 18 previously identified in Venus Express data. We find 8 candidates at Mars in Mariner 7 and Mariner 9 data that augment the 71 and 10 previously identified in Mars Global Surveyor and Mars Express data, respectively. These new findings extend the ranges of conditions under which Meteoric layers have been observed, support studies of the temporal variability of Meteoric layers, and (for Venus) independently confirm the existence of Meteoric layers. One of the proposed causes of temporal variations in the occurrence rate of Meteoric layers is Meteor Showers. This possibility is controversial, since Meteor Showers have minimal observed effect on Meteoric layers in Earth’s ionosphere. In order to aid progress towards a resolution of this issue, we present a series of tests for this hypothesis.
Bryant Grigsby - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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cams newly detected Meteor Showers and the sporadic background
Icarus, 2016Co-Authors: Peter Jenniskens, Quentin Nénon, P.s. Gural, Jim Albers, B. Haberman, B. Johnson, R. Morales, Bryant GrigsbyAbstract:Abstract The Cameras for Allsky Meteor Surveillance (CAMS) video-based Meteoroid orbit survey adds 60 newly identified Showers to the IAU Working List of Meteor Showers (numbers 427, 445–446, 506–507, and part of 643–750). 28 of these are also detected in the independent SonotaCo survey. In total, 230 Meteor Showers and shower components are identified in CAMS data, 177 of which are detected in at least two independent surveys. From the power-law size frequency distribution of detected Showers, we extrapolate that 36% of all CAMS-observed Meteors originated from ∼700 Showers above the N = 1 per 110,000 shower limit. 71% of mass falling to Earth from streams arrives on Jupiter-family type orbits. The transient Geminids account for another 15%. All Meteoroids not assigned to streams form a sporadic background with highest detected numbers from the apex source, but with 98% of mass falling in from the antihelion source. Even at large ∼7-mm sizes, a Poynting–Robertson drag evolved population is detected, which implies that the Grun et al. collisional lifetimes at these sizes are underestimated by about a factor of 10. While these large grains survive collisions, many fade on a 10 4 -y timescale, possibly because they disintegrate into smaller particles by processes other than collisions, leaving a more resilient population to evolve. The Meteors assigned to the various Showers are identified in the CAMS Meteoroid Orbit Database 2.0 submitted to the IAU Meteor Data Center, and can be accessed also at http://cams.seti.org .
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CAMS confirmation of previously reported Meteor Showers
Icarus, 2016Co-Authors: Peter Jenniskens, Quentin Nénon, P.s. Gural, Jim Albers, B. Haberman, B. Johnson, D. Holman, R. Morales, Bryant Grigsby, D. SamuelsAbstract:Abstract Leading up to the 2015 IAU General Assembly, the International Astronomical Union’s Working List of Meteor Showers included 486 unconfirmed Showers, Showers that are not certain to exist. If confirmed, each shower would provide a record of past comet or asteroid activity. Now, we report that 41 of these are detected in the Cameras for Allsky Meteor Surveillance (CAMS) video-based Meteor shower survey. They manifest as Meteoroids arriving at Earth from a similar direction and orbit, after removing the daily radiant drift due to Earth’s motion around the Sun. These Showers do exist and, therefore, can be moved to the IAU List of Established Meteor Showers. This adds to 31 previously confirmed Showers from CAMS data. For each shower, finding charts are presented based on 230,000 Meteors observed up to March of 2015, calculated by re-projecting the drift-corrected Sun-centered ecliptic coordinates into more familiar equatorial coordinates. Showers that are not detected, but should have, and duplicate Showers that project to the same Sun-centered ecliptic coordinates, are recommended for removal from the Working List.
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The established Meteor Showers as observed by CAMS
Icarus, 2016Co-Authors: Peter Jenniskens, Quentin Nénon, P.s. Gural, Jim Albers, B. Haberman, D. Holman, R. Morales, Bryant Grigsby, D. Samuels, Carl JohanninkAbstract:Abstract Orbital elements are presented for 70 of the 95 Meteor Showers considered “established” by the International Astronomical Union. From 2010 October 21 until 2013 March 31, the low-light-video based Cameras for Allsky Meteor Surveillance project (CAMS) measured a total of 110,367 Meteoroid trajectories and pre-atmospheric orbits from mostly −2 to +4 magnitude Meteors with a precision of
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cams cameras for allsky Meteor surveillance to establish minor Meteor Showers
Icarus, 2011Co-Authors: Peter Jenniskens, Bryant Grigsby, Peter S. Gural, L Dynneson, K E Newman, M Borden, M Koop, D. HolmanAbstract:Abstract First results are presented from a newly developed Meteoroid orbit survey, called CAMS – Cameras for Allsky Meteor Surveillance, which combines Meteor detection algorithms for low-light video observations with traditional video surveillance tools. Sixty video cameras at three stations monitor the sky above 31° elevation. Goal of CAMS is to verify Meteor Showers in search of their parent comets among newly discovered near-Earth objects. This paper outlines the concept of operations, the hardware, and software methods used during operation and in the data reduction pipeline, and accompanies the data release of the first batch of Meteoroid orbits. During the month of November 2010, 2169 precisely reduced Meteoroid trajectories from 17 nights have an error in the apparent radiant of the trajectory CAMS readily detected all established Showers (6) active during the clear nights in November. Of the Showers that needed confirmation, we confirm the theta Aurigids (THA, IAU#390), the chi Taurids (CTA, IAU#388), and the omicron Eridanids (OER, IAU#338). We conclude that the iota November Aurigids (IAR, IAU#248) are in fact the combined activity of the theta Aurigids and chi Taurids, and this shower should be dismissed from the list. Finally, there is also a clustering consistent with the zeta Cancrids (ZCN, IAU#243), but we cannot exclude that this is lower perihelion dust belonging to the Orionid shower. Data are submitted to the IAU Meteor Data Center on a semi-regular basis, and can be accessed also at http://cams.seti.org .
P. B. Babadzhanov - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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near earth object 2004ck39 and its associated Meteor Showers
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 2012Co-Authors: P. B. Babadzhanov, I P Williams, G. I. KokhirovaAbstract:An investigation of the orbital evolution of near-Earth object 2004CK39, moving on a cometlike orbit, shows that it is a quadruple crosser of the Earth’s orbit. If this object were an active comet in the past, but now is extinct, then it might form a Meteoroid stream that should produce four observable Meteor Showers on the Earth, active in February and October. We have identified all four of these Showers, which proves that 2004CK39 is a dormant or dead comet nucleus.
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Meteor Showers associated with 2003EH1
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 2008Co-Authors: P. B. Babadzhanov, Iwan P. Williams, G. I. KokhirovaAbstract:Using the Everhart RADAU19 numerical integration method, the orbital evolution of the near-Earth asteroid 2003EH 1 is investigated. This asteroid belongs to the Amor group and is moving on a comet-like orbit. The integrations are performed over one cycle of variation of the perihelion argument co. Over such a cycle, the orbit intersect that of the Earth at eight different values of ω. The orbital parameters are different at each of these intersections and so a Meteoroid stream surrounding such an orbit can produce eight different Meteor Showers, one at each crossing. The geocentric radiants and velocities of the eight theoretical Meteor Showers associated with these crossing points are determined. Using published data, observed Meteor Showers are identified with each of the theoretically predicted Showers. The character of the orbit and the existence of observed Meteor Showers associated with 2003EH1 confirm the supposition that this object is an extinct comet.
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Meteor Showers associated with the near-Earth asteroid (2101) Adonis
Astronomy & Astrophysics, 2002Co-Authors: P. B. BabadzhanovAbstract:The orbital evolution of the near-Earth asteroid (2101) Adonis under gravitational action of six planet (Mercury to Saturn) is investigated by the Halphen-Goryachev method. The theoretical geocentric coordinates and velocities of four possible Meteor Showers associated with this asteroid are determined. Using published data, the theoretically predicted Showers are identified with the observed ones, namely, night-time σ-Capricornids and Χ-Sagittariids, and day-time Χ-Capricornids and Capricornids-Sagittariids. The existence of Meteor Showers associated with Adonis provides evidence supporting the conjecture that this asteroid may be of a cometary nature. The small 50-m near-Earth asteroid 1995 CS probably represents a large Adonis fragment and belongs to a part of the Adonis Meteoroid stream, which produces the day-time Χ-Capricornids Meteor shower.
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Meteor Showers associated with near-earth asteroids in the taurid complex
Dust in the Solar System and other Planetary Systems Proceedings of the IA U Colloquium 181 held at the University of Kent, 2002Co-Authors: P. B. BabadzhanovAbstract:The existence of observed Meteor Showers associated with some of Near-Earth asteroids(NEAs) is one of the few criterion that such asteroids may be considered to be candidates for extinct cometary nuclei. In order to reveal new NEA-Meteor shower associations we calculated the secular variations of the orbital elements of 17 Taurid Complex asteroids with allowance for perturbations from six planets (Mercury-Saturn) over one cycle of variations of perihelia arguments. The Earth-crossing class of these NEAs and theoretical geocentric radiants and velocities of their Meteor Showers were determined and compared with available observational data. It turns out, that each Taurid Complex asteroid is associated with four Meteor Showers. This is evidence for the cometary origin of these asteroids.
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Search for Meteor Showers associated with Near-Earth Asteroids I. Taurid Complex
Astronomy & Astrophysics, 2001Co-Authors: P. B. BabadzhanovAbstract:Observed Meteor Showers associated with some Near-Earth asteroids (NEAs) is one of the few criteria that such asteroids may be considered to be candidate extinct cometary nuclei. In order to reveal new NEA- Meteor shower associations, we calculated the secular variations of the orbital elements of 17 Taurid Complex asteroids with allowance for perturbations from six planets (Mercury-Saturn) over one cycle of variation of perihelia arguments. The Earth-crossing class of these NEAs and theoretical geocentric radiants and velocities of their Meteor Showers were determined and compared with available observational data. It turns out that each Taurid Complex asteroid is associated with four Meteor Showers. This is evidence for the cometary origin of these asteroids.
S. I. Popel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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On the Plasma–Dust Processes Accompanying Meteor Showers
Plasma Physics Reports, 2020Co-Authors: T. I. Morozova, S. I. PopelAbstract:Plasma–dust processes in the Earth’s ionosphere related to transit of Meteor bodies and spreading of Meteor trail are analyzed. Processes that occur in the Meteor trail itself and those taking place in the Earth’s atmosphere upon transit of a Meteor body, along with their influence on observers and operation of various technical systems, are investigated. In particular, mechanisms explaining acoustic phenomena accompanying Meteor transit during Meteor Showers are proposed. The mechanism of formation of dusty plasma in Meteoroid trails is described. It is demonstrated that charging of dust particles of the Meteoroid material creates conditions for the appearance of dust acoustic waves. Dust acoustic perturbations are driven as a result of development of modulation instability of electromagnetic waves emitted by the Meteor trail and have frequencies typical of dust sound (0.003–60 Hz). The reports of witnesses revealed that observers on the Earth can hear low-frequency sounds appearing during Meteor Showers. It is suggested that the sound reaches the Earth’s surface as a result of transfer of oscillations from dust particles to neutrals the concentration of which in the atmosphere is high. The mechanisms of fragmentation of Meteor bodies and charging of formed dust particles are analyzed. Characteristic charges of dust fragments for nano- and micrometer-scale particles are estimated. Particles of different shape are considered. The growth rates that give rise to modulation excitation of low-frequency dust acoustic perturbations are calculated. Conditions leading to development of a modulation instability are found.
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on the plasma dust processes accompanying Meteor Showers
Plasma Physics Reports, 2020Co-Authors: T. I. Morozova, S. I. PopelAbstract:Plasma–dust processes in the Earth’s ionosphere related to transit of Meteor bodies and spreading of Meteor trail are analyzed. Processes that occur in the Meteor trail itself and those taking place in the Earth’s atmosphere upon transit of a Meteor body, along with their influence on observers and operation of various technical systems, are investigated. In particular, mechanisms explaining acoustic phenomena accompanying Meteor transit during Meteor Showers are proposed. The mechanism of formation of dusty plasma in Meteoroid trails is described. It is demonstrated that charging of dust particles of the Meteoroid material creates conditions for the appearance of dust acoustic waves. Dust acoustic perturbations are driven as a result of development of modulation instability of electromagnetic waves emitted by the Meteor trail and have frequencies typical of dust sound (0.003–60 Hz). The reports of witnesses revealed that observers on the Earth can hear low-frequency sounds appearing during Meteor Showers. It is suggested that the sound reaches the Earth’s surface as a result of transfer of oscillations from dust particles to neutrals the concentration of which in the atmosphere is high. The mechanisms of fragmentation of Meteor bodies and charging of formed dust particles are analyzed. Characteristic charges of dust fragments for nano- and micrometer-scale particles are estimated. Particles of different shape are considered. The growth rates that give rise to modulation excitation of low-frequency dust acoustic perturbations are calculated. Conditions leading to development of a modulation instability are found.
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phenomena associated with complex dusty plasmas in the ionosphere during high speed Meteor Showers
Physics of Plasmas, 2009Co-Authors: S I Kopnin, S. I. PopelAbstract:Formation of dusty plasmas in the Earth’s ionosphere at 80–120 km altitudes during high-speed Meteor Showers and its detectable manifestations are discussed. Emphasis is given to ground-based observations such as detection of low-frequency (<50 Hz) ionospheric radio noise, ground-based observations of infrasonic waves, and amplification of the intensity of green radiation at 557.7 nm from a layer at the 110–120 km altitude in the lower ionosphere. The physical processes responsible for these manifestations are considered.