The Experts below are selected from a list of 132 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Anette E Buyken - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The glycemic index issue.
Current Opinion in Lipidology, 2012Co-Authors: J. C. Brand-miller, Anette E BuykenAbstract:Abstract In recent years, many of the concerns surrounding the glycemic index have been addressed by Methodological Studies and clinical trials comparing diets carefully matched for other nutrients. These findings are reviewed together with new observational evidence for the role of the dietary glycemic index in the etiology of cardiovascular disease. The determination and classification of the glycemic index of a food product is now standardized by the International Standards Organization. Systematic Studies using isoenergetic single and mixed meals have shown that glycemic index and/or glycemic load are stronger predictors of postprandial glycemia and insulinemia than carbohydrate content alone. In overweight individuals, a diet that combined modestly higher protein and lower glycemic index carbohydrates was the most effective diet for prevention of weight regain. New observational Studies have reported increased risks of coronary heart disease associated with higher intakes of carbohydrates from high glycemic index foods. Epidemiological evidence has emerged linking dietary glycemic index to visceral fat and inflammatory disease mortality. There is growing recognition that replacing saturated fat with refined, high glycemic index carbohydrates increases postprandial glycemia and may be detrimental for weight control and predisposition to cardiovascular and inflammatory disease. In contrast, low glycemic index carbohydrates reduce risk.
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The glycemic index issue.
Current opinion in lipidology, 2012Co-Authors: J. C. Brand-miller, Anette E BuykenAbstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW In recent years, many of the concerns surrounding the glycemic index have been addressed by Methodological Studies and clinical trials comparing diets carefully matched for other nutrients. These findings are reviewed together with new observational evidence for the role of the dietary glycemic index in the etiology of cardiovascular disease. RECENT FINDINGS The determination and classification of the glycemic index of a food product is now standardized by the International Standards Organization. Systematic Studies using isoenergetic single and mixed meals have shown that glycemic index and/or glycemic load are stronger predictors of postprandial glycemia and insulinemia than carbohydrate content alone. In overweight individuals, a diet that combined modestly higher protein and lower glycemic index carbohydrates was the most effective diet for prevention of weight regain. New observational Studies have reported increased risks of coronary heart disease associated with higher intakes of carbohydrates from high glycemic index foods. Epidemiological evidence has emerged linking dietary glycemic index to visceral fat and inflammatory disease mortality. SUMMARY There is growing recognition that replacing saturated fat with refined, high glycemic index carbohydrates increases postprandial glycemia and may be detrimental for weight control and predisposition to cardiovascular and inflammatory disease. In contrast, low glycemic index carbohydrates reduce risk.
J. C. Brand-miller - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The glycemic index issue.
Current Opinion in Lipidology, 2012Co-Authors: J. C. Brand-miller, Anette E BuykenAbstract:Abstract In recent years, many of the concerns surrounding the glycemic index have been addressed by Methodological Studies and clinical trials comparing diets carefully matched for other nutrients. These findings are reviewed together with new observational evidence for the role of the dietary glycemic index in the etiology of cardiovascular disease. The determination and classification of the glycemic index of a food product is now standardized by the International Standards Organization. Systematic Studies using isoenergetic single and mixed meals have shown that glycemic index and/or glycemic load are stronger predictors of postprandial glycemia and insulinemia than carbohydrate content alone. In overweight individuals, a diet that combined modestly higher protein and lower glycemic index carbohydrates was the most effective diet for prevention of weight regain. New observational Studies have reported increased risks of coronary heart disease associated with higher intakes of carbohydrates from high glycemic index foods. Epidemiological evidence has emerged linking dietary glycemic index to visceral fat and inflammatory disease mortality. There is growing recognition that replacing saturated fat with refined, high glycemic index carbohydrates increases postprandial glycemia and may be detrimental for weight control and predisposition to cardiovascular and inflammatory disease. In contrast, low glycemic index carbohydrates reduce risk.
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The glycemic index issue.
Current opinion in lipidology, 2012Co-Authors: J. C. Brand-miller, Anette E BuykenAbstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW In recent years, many of the concerns surrounding the glycemic index have been addressed by Methodological Studies and clinical trials comparing diets carefully matched for other nutrients. These findings are reviewed together with new observational evidence for the role of the dietary glycemic index in the etiology of cardiovascular disease. RECENT FINDINGS The determination and classification of the glycemic index of a food product is now standardized by the International Standards Organization. Systematic Studies using isoenergetic single and mixed meals have shown that glycemic index and/or glycemic load are stronger predictors of postprandial glycemia and insulinemia than carbohydrate content alone. In overweight individuals, a diet that combined modestly higher protein and lower glycemic index carbohydrates was the most effective diet for prevention of weight regain. New observational Studies have reported increased risks of coronary heart disease associated with higher intakes of carbohydrates from high glycemic index foods. Epidemiological evidence has emerged linking dietary glycemic index to visceral fat and inflammatory disease mortality. SUMMARY There is growing recognition that replacing saturated fat with refined, high glycemic index carbohydrates increases postprandial glycemia and may be detrimental for weight control and predisposition to cardiovascular and inflammatory disease. In contrast, low glycemic index carbohydrates reduce risk.
Nanna Lien - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Measurement of availability and accessibility of food among youth: a systematic review of Methodological Studies
International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 2017Co-Authors: Mekdes K. Gebremariam, Cristina Vaqué-crusellas, Lene F. Andersen, F. Marijn Stok, Marta Stelmach-mardas, Johannes Brug, Nanna LienAbstract:Background Comprehensive and psychometrically tested measures of availability and accessibility of food are needed in order to explore availability and accessibility as determinants and predictors of dietary behaviors. The main aim of this systematic review was to update the evidence regarding the psychometric properties of measures of food availability and accessibility among youth. A secondary objective was to assess how availability and accessibility were conceptualized in the included Studies. Methods A systematic literature search was conducted using Medline, Embase, PsycINFO and Web of Science. Methodological Studies published between January 2010 and March 2016 and reporting on at least one psychometric property of a measure of availability and/or accessibility of food among youth were included. Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed study quality. Existing criteria were used to interpret reliability and validity parameters. Results A total of 20 Studies were included. While 16 Studies included measures of food availability, three included measures of both availability and accessibility; one study included a measure of accessibility only. Different conceptualizations of availability and accessibility were used across the Studies. The measures aimed at assessing availability and/or accessibility in the home environment ( n = 11), the school ( n = 4), stores ( n = 3), childcare/early care and education services ( n = 2) and restaurants ( n = 1). Most Studies followed systematic steps in the development of the measures. The most common psychometrics tested for these measures were test-retest reliability and criterion validity. The majority of the measures had satisfactory evidence of reliability and/or validity. None of the included Studies assessed the responsiveness of the measures. Conclusions The review identified several measures of food availability or accessibility among youth with satisfactory evidence of reliability and/or validity. Findings indicate a need for more Studies including measures of accessibility and addressing its conceptualization. More testing of some of the identified measures in different population groups is also warranted, as is the development of more measures of food availability and accessibility in the broader environment such as the neighborhood food environment.
Daeria O. Lawson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Reporting of Methodological Studies in health research: a protocol for the development of the Methodological STudy reportIng Checklist (MISTIC).
BMJ open, 2020Co-Authors: Daeria O. Lawson, Livia Puljak, Dawid Pieper, Stefan Schandelmaier, Gary S. Collins, Romina Brignardello-petersen, David Moher, Peter Tugwell, Vivian Welch, Zainab SamaanAbstract:Introduction Methodological Studies (ie, Studies that evaluate the design, conduct, analysis or reporting of other Studies in health research) address various facets of health research including, for instance, data collection techniques, differences in approaches to analyses, reporting quality, adherence to guidelines or publication bias. As a result, Methodological Studies can help to identify knowledge gaps in the methodology of health research and strategies for improvement in research practices. Differences in Methodological study names and a lack of reporting guidance contribute to lack of comparability across Studies and difficulties in identifying relevant previous Methodological Studies. This paper outlines the methods we will use to develop an evidence-based tool—the Methodological STudy reportIng Checklist—to harmonise naming conventions and improve the reporting of Methodological Studies. Methods and analysis We will search for Methodological Studies in the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane Library, Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, check reference lists and contact experts in the field. We will extract and summarise data on the study names, design and reporting features of the included Methodological Studies. Consensus on study terms and recommended reporting items will be achieved via video conference meetings with a panel of experts including researchers who have published Methodological Studies. Ethics and dissemination The consensus study has been exempt from ethics review by the Hamilton Integrated Research Ethics Board. The results of the review and the reporting guideline will be disseminated in stakeholder meetings, conferences, peer-reviewed publications, in requests to journal editors (to endorse or make the guideline a requirement for authors), and on the Enhancing the QUAlity and Transparency Of health Research (EQUATOR) Network and reporting guideline websites. Registration We have registered the development of the reporting guideline with the EQUATOR Network and publicly posted this project on the Open Science Framework (www.osf.io/9hgbq).
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A tutorial on Methodological Studies: the what, when, how and why
BMC medical research methodology, 2020Co-Authors: Lawrence Mbuagbaw, Daeria O. Lawson, Livia Puljak, David B. Allison, Lehana ThabaneAbstract:Methodological Studies – Studies that evaluate the design, analysis or reporting of other research-related reports – play an important role in health research. They help to highlight issues in the conduct of research with the aim of improving health research methodology, and ultimately reducing research waste. We provide an overview of some of the key aspects of Methodological Studies such as what they are, and when, how and why they are done. We adopt a “frequently asked questions” format to facilitate reading this paper and provide multiple examples to help guide researchers interested in conducting Methodological Studies. Some of the topics addressed include: is it necessary to publish a study protocol? How to select relevant research reports and databases for a Methodological study? What approaches to data extraction and statistical analysis should be considered when conducting a Methodological study? What are potential threats to validity and is there a way to appraise the quality of Methodological Studies? Appropriate reflection and application of basic principles of epidemiology and biostatistics are required in the design and analysis of Methodological Studies. This paper provides an introduction for further discussion about the conduct of Methodological Studies.
Mekdes K. Gebremariam - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Measurement of availability and accessibility of food among youth: a systematic review of Methodological Studies
International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 2017Co-Authors: Mekdes K. Gebremariam, Cristina Vaqué-crusellas, Lene F. Andersen, F. Marijn Stok, Marta Stelmach-mardas, Johannes Brug, Nanna LienAbstract:Background Comprehensive and psychometrically tested measures of availability and accessibility of food are needed in order to explore availability and accessibility as determinants and predictors of dietary behaviors. The main aim of this systematic review was to update the evidence regarding the psychometric properties of measures of food availability and accessibility among youth. A secondary objective was to assess how availability and accessibility were conceptualized in the included Studies. Methods A systematic literature search was conducted using Medline, Embase, PsycINFO and Web of Science. Methodological Studies published between January 2010 and March 2016 and reporting on at least one psychometric property of a measure of availability and/or accessibility of food among youth were included. Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed study quality. Existing criteria were used to interpret reliability and validity parameters. Results A total of 20 Studies were included. While 16 Studies included measures of food availability, three included measures of both availability and accessibility; one study included a measure of accessibility only. Different conceptualizations of availability and accessibility were used across the Studies. The measures aimed at assessing availability and/or accessibility in the home environment ( n = 11), the school ( n = 4), stores ( n = 3), childcare/early care and education services ( n = 2) and restaurants ( n = 1). Most Studies followed systematic steps in the development of the measures. The most common psychometrics tested for these measures were test-retest reliability and criterion validity. The majority of the measures had satisfactory evidence of reliability and/or validity. None of the included Studies assessed the responsiveness of the measures. Conclusions The review identified several measures of food availability or accessibility among youth with satisfactory evidence of reliability and/or validity. Findings indicate a need for more Studies including measures of accessibility and addressing its conceptualization. More testing of some of the identified measures in different population groups is also warranted, as is the development of more measures of food availability and accessibility in the broader environment such as the neighborhood food environment.