The Experts below are selected from a list of 300 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Mehmet Arslan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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comparison of performance and emissions of diesel fuel rapeseed and soybean oil Methyl Esters injected at different pressures
Renewable Energy, 2010Co-Authors: Ismet Celikten, Atilla Koca, Mehmet ArslanAbstract:Fuel properties of rapeseed oil and soybean oil Methyl Esters (e.g. density, cetane number and viscosity etc.) are similar to those of the diesel fuel. These Methyl Esters can be used as diesel engine fuel by mixing withy diesel fuel. In this study a comparison of diesel fuel, the rapeseed oil Methyl ester and the soybean oil Methyl ester was made from the engine performance and emissions point of view. The tests were carried out with a four-cylinder diesel engine for tree different injection pressures such as 250, 300 and 350 bar with each of these fuels. For the purpose of comparison, tests were also conducted at full load conditions with diesel fuel. As the result, the performance and emission values of rapeseed oil (R) and soybean oil (S) Methyl Esters were found to be nearly the same with those of diesel fuels (D) when injection pressure was increased to 300 bar.
Seyed Mojtaba Sadrameli - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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improvement of renewable transportation fuel properties by deoxygenation process using thermal and catalytic cracking of triglycerides and their Methyl Esters
Applied Thermal Engineering, 2016Co-Authors: Hossein Seifi, Seyed Mojtaba SadrameliAbstract:Abstract Growth of the world energy consumption, depletion of energy sources and global warming related to fossil fuel consumption have increased the attention toward the production of renewable fuels. Conversion of vegetable oil and fats (natural triglycerides) to biofuel is one of the options to produce renewable fuels for the transportation sector, but the yield and quality of products are among the important factors in the process. This paper presents some of the results obtained from the study of deoxygenation and ketonization processes using thermal/catalytic cracking of sunflower oil and its Methyl Esters for the production of transportation biofuels. Sunflower oil was converted to Methyl ester in the presence of KOH through transesterification reaction and was used as a feed for the cracking process. Fuel properties after thermal cracking of sunflower oil and its Methyl Esters have been compared to determine the benefits of transesterification process as a pretreatment step for the triglycerides. To reduce the oxygen content of the liquid products and improve properties of the fuel after catalytic cracking using HZSM-5, deoxygenation over γ-Al2O3 and ketonization over MnO2/γ-Al2O3 catalysts were examined. Results show that depending on the thermal cracking severity, while the yields of the liquid organic products from thermal cracking of sunflower oil and its Methyl Esters were almost the same, their acidity vary between 3.78 and 5.41 mg KOH/g for Methyl Esters and between 66.16 and 123.41 mg KOH/g for triglycerides. The extracted heavier cuts similar to gas oil vary between 5.26% and 22.35% for Methyl Esters and between 18.39% and 51.03% for triglycerides, which proves the benefits of Methyl ester cracking to the original oil cracking. Decarboxylation and ketonization of the liquid products with catalysts reduce the acidity and improve other properties of the fuel to the standard level.
Marvin O. Bagby - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Low-temperature properties of triglyceride-based diesel fuels: Transesterified Methyl Esters and petroleum middle distillate/ester blends
Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society, 1995Co-Authors: R.o. Dunn, Marvin O. BagbyAbstract:This work examines low-temperature properties of triglyceride-based alternate fuels for direct-injection compression-ignition engines. Methyl Esters from transesterified soybean oil were studied as neat fuels and in blends with petroleum middle distillates (No. 1 or No. 2 diesel fuel). Admixed Methyl Esters composed of 5–30 vol% tallowate Methyl Esters in soyate Methyl Esters were also examined. Pour points, cloud points, and kinematic viscosities were measured; viscosities at cooler temperatures were studied to evaluate effects of sustained exposure. Low-temperature filterability studies were conducted in accordance with two standard methodologies. The North American standard was the low-temperature flow test (LTFT), and its European equivalent was the cold-filter plugging point (CFPP). With respect to cold-flow properties, blending Methyl Esters with middle distillates is limited to relatively low ester contents before the properties become preclusive. Under most conditions, cold-flow properties were not greatly affected by admixing the Methyl Esters with up to 30 vol% tallowate (before blending). Least squares analysis showed that both LTFT and CFPP of formulations containing at least 10 vol% Methyl Esters are linear functions of cloud point. In addition, statistical analysis of the LTFT data showed a strong 1:1 correlation between LTFT and CP. This result may prove crucial in efforts to improve low-temperature flow properties of alternate diesel fuels that contain Methyl Esters derived from triglycerides.
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low temperature properties of triglyceride based diesel fuels transesterified Methyl Esters and petroleum middle distillate ester blends
Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, 1995Co-Authors: R.o. Dunn, Marvin O. BagbyAbstract:This work examines low-temperature properties of triglyceride-based alternate fuels for direct-injection compression-ignition engines. Methyl Esters from transesterified soybean oil were studied as neat fuels and in blends with petroleum middle distillates (No. 1 or No. 2 diesel fuel). Admixed Methyl Esters composed of 5–30 vol% tallowate Methyl Esters in soyate Methyl Esters were also examined. Pour points, cloud points, and kinematic viscosities were measured; viscosities at cooler temperatures were studied to evaluate effects of sustained exposure. Low-temperature filterability studies were conducted in accordance with two standard methodologies. The North American standard was the low-temperature flow test (LTFT), and its European equivalent was the cold-filter plugging point (CFPP). With respect to cold-flow properties, blending Methyl Esters with middle distillates is limited to relatively low ester contents before the properties become preclusive. Under most conditions, cold-flow properties were not greatly affected by admixing the Methyl Esters with up to 30 vol% tallowate (before blending). Least squares analysis showed that both LTFT and CFPP of formulations containing at least 10 vol% Methyl Esters are linear functions of cloud point. In addition, statistical analysis of the LTFT data showed a strong 1:1 correlation between LTFT and CP. This result may prove crucial in efforts to improve low-temperature flow properties of alternate diesel fuels that contain Methyl Esters derived from triglycerides.
Bryan R Moser - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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preparation of fatty acid Methyl Esters from hazelnut high oleic peanut and walnut oils and evaluation as biodiesel
Fuel, 2012Co-Authors: Bryan R MoserAbstract:Abstract Refined hazelnut, walnut and high-oleic peanut oils were converted into fatty acid Methyl Esters using catalytic sodium methoxide and evaluated as potential biodiesel fuels. These feedstocks were of interest due to their lipid production potentials (780–1780 L ha−1 yr−1) and suitability for marginal lands. Methyl oleate was the principal constituent identified in hazelnut (HME; 76.9%) and peanut (PME; 78.2%) oil Methyl Esters. Walnut oil Methyl Esters (WME) were comprised primarily of Methyl Esters of linoleic (60.7%), oleic (15.1%) and linolenic (12.8%) acids. PME exhibited excellent oxidative stability (IP 21.1 h; EN 14112) but poor cold flow properties (CP 17.8 °C) due to its comparatively high content of very-long chain fatty Esters. WME provided low derived cetane number and oxidative stability (IP 2.9 h) data as a result of its high percentage of polyunsaturated fatty Esters. HME yielded a satisfactory balance between all fuel properties when compared to the biodiesel standards ASTM D6751 and EN 14214 due to its high content of monounsaturated fatty Esters. Also explored were the properties of blends of HME, PME and WME in ultra-low sulfur (
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coriander seed oil Methyl Esters as biodiesel fuel unique fatty acid composition and excellent oxidative stability
Biomass & Bioenergy, 2010Co-Authors: Bryan R Moser, Steven F VaughnAbstract:Abstract Coriander ( Coriandrum sativum L.) seed oil Methyl Esters were prepared and evaluated as an alternative biodiesel fuel and contained an unusual fatty acid hitherto unreported as the principle component in biodiesel fuels: petroselinic (6 Z -octadecenoic; 68.5 wt%) acid. Most of the remaining fatty acid profile consisted of common 18 carbon constituents such as linoleic (9 Z ,12 Z -octadeca-dienoic; 13.0 wt%), oleic (9 Z -octadecenoic; 7.6 wt%) and stearic (octadecanoic; 3.1 wt%) acids. A standard transesterification procedure with methanol and sodium methoxide catalyst was used to provide C. sativum oil Methyl Esters (CSME). Acid-catalyzed pretreatment was necessary beforehand to reduce the acid value of the oil from 2.66 to 0.47 mg g −1 . The derived cetane number, kinematic viscosity, and oxidative stability (Rancimat method) of CSME was 53.3, 4.21 mm 2 s −1 (40 °C), and 14.6 h (110 °C). The cold filter plugging and pour points were −15 °C and −19 °C, respectively. Other properties such as acid value, free and total glycerol content, iodine value, as well as sulfur and phosphorous contents were acceptable according to the biodiesel standards ASTM D6751 and EN 14214. Also reported are lubricity, heat of combustion, and Gardner color, along with a comparison of CSME to soybean oil Methyl Esters (SME). CSME exhibited higher oxidative stability, superior low temperature properties, and lower iodine value than SME. In summary, CSME has excellent fuel properties as a result of its unique fatty acid composition.
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evaluation of partially hydrogenated Methyl Esters of soybean oil as biodiesel
European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology, 2007Co-Authors: Bryan R Moser, Michael J Haas, Jill K Winkler, Michael A Jackson, Sevim Z Erhan, Gary R ListAbstract:Biodiesel, an alternative fuel derived from vegetable oils or animal fats, continues to undergo rapid worldwide growth. Specifications mandating biodiesel quality, most notably in Europe (EN 14214) and the USA (ASTM D6751), have emerged that limit feedstock choice in the production of biodiesel fuel. For instance, EN 14214 contains a specification for iodine value (IV; 120 g I 2 /100 g maximum) that eliminates soybean oil as a potential feedstock, as it generally has an IV >120. Therefore, partially hydrogenated soybean oil Methyl Esters (PHSME; IV = 116) were evaluated as biodiesel by measuring a number of fuel properties, such as oxidative stability, low-temperature performance, lubricity, kinematic viscosity, and specific gravity. Compared to soybean oil Methyl Esters (SME), PHSME were found to have superior oxidative stability, similar specific gravity, but inferior low-temperature performance, kinematic viscosity, and lubricity. The kinematic viscosity and lubricity of PHSME, however, were within the prescribed US and European limits. There is no universal value for low-temperature performance in biodiesel specifications, but PHSME have superior cold flow behavior when compared to other alternative feedstock fuels, such as palm oil, tallow and grease Methyl Esters. The production of PHSME from refined soybean oil would increase biodiesel production costs by US$ 0.04/L (US$ 0.15/gal) in comparison to SME. In summary, PHSME are within both the European and American standards for all properties measured in this study and deserve consideration as a potential biodiesel fuel.
Marc Lemaire - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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1 o alkyl di glycerol ethers synthesis from Methyl Esters and triglycerides by two pathways catalytic reductive alkylation and transesterification reduction
Green Chemistry, 2013Co-Authors: Marc Sutter, Wissam Dayoub, Yann Raoul, Estelle Metay, Marc LemaireAbstract:From available and bio-sourced Methyl Esters, monoglycerides or oleic sunflower refined oil, the corresponding 1-O-alkyl (di)glycerol ethers were obtained in both high yields and selectivity by two different pathways. With Methyl Esters, a reductive alkylation with (di)glycerol was realized under 50 bar hydrogen pressure in the presence of 1 mol% of Pd/C and an acid co-catalyst. A second two step procedure was evaluated from Methyl Esters or triolein and consisted of a first transesterification to the corresponding monoglyceride with a BaO/Al2O3 catalyst, then its reduction to the desired glycerol monoether with a recyclable heterogeneous catalytic system Pd/C and Amberlyst 35 under H2 pressure. In addition, a mechanism for the reaction was also proposed.
