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Clarence C. Tam - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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association between semi quantitative Microbial Load and respiratory symptoms among thai military recruits a prospective cohort study
BMC Infectious Diseases, 2018Co-Authors: Clarence C. Tam, Vittoria Offeddu, Kathryn B. Anderson, Alden L. Weg, Louis R. Macareo, Damon W. Ellison, Ram Rangsin, Stefan Fernandez, Robert V. GibbonsAbstract:Multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction assays have improved diagnostic sensitivity for a wide range of pathogens. However, co-detection of multiple agents and bacterial colonization make it difficult to distinguish between asymptomatic infection or illness aetiology. We assessed whether semi-quantitative Microbial Load data can differentiate between symptomatic and asymptomatic states for common respiratory pathogens. We obtained throat and nasal swab samples from military trainees at two Thai Army barracks. Specimens were collected at the start and end of 10-week training periods (non-acute samples), and from individuals who developed upper respiratory tract infection during training (acute samples). We analysed the samples using a commercial multiplex respiratory panel comprising 33 bacterial, viral and fungal targets. We used random effects tobit models to compare cycle threshold (Ct) value distributions from non-acute and acute samples. We analysed 341 non-acute and 145 acute swab samples from 274 participants. Haemophilus influenzae type B was the most commonly detected microbe (77.4% of non-acute and 64.8% of acute samples). In acute samples, nine specific microbe pairs were detected more frequently than expected by chance. Regression models indicated significantly lower Microbial Load in non-acute relative to acute samples for H. influenzae non-type B, Streptococcus pneumoniae and rhinovirus, although it was not possible to identify a Ct-value threshold indicating causal etiology for any of these organisms. Semi-quantitative measures of Microbial concentration did not reliably differentiate between illness and asymptomatic colonization, suggesting that clinical symptoms may not always be directly related to Microbial Load for common respiratory infections.
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Association between semi-quantitative Microbial Load and respiratory symptoms among Thai military recruits: a prospective cohort study
'Springer Science and Business Media LLC', 2018Co-Authors: Clarence C. Tam, Vittoria Offeddu, Kathryn B. Anderson, Alden L. Weg, Louis R. Macareo, Damon W. Ellison, Ram Rangsin, Stefan Fernandez, Robert V. Gibbons, In-kyu YoonAbstract:Abstract Background Multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction assays have improved diagnostic sensitivity for a wide range of pathogens. However, co-detection of multiple agents and bacterial colonization make it difficult to distinguish between asymptomatic infection or illness aetiology. We assessed whether semi-quantitative Microbial Load data can differentiate between symptomatic and asymptomatic states for common respiratory pathogens. Methods We obtained throat and nasal swab samples from military trainees at two Thai Army barracks. Specimens were collected at the start and end of 10-week training periods (non-acute samples), and from individuals who developed upper respiratory tract infection during training (acute samples). We analysed the samples using a commercial multiplex respiratory panel comprising 33 bacterial, viral and fungal targets. We used random effects tobit models to compare cycle threshold (Ct) value distributions from non-acute and acute samples. Results We analysed 341 non-acute and 145 acute swab samples from 274 participants. Haemophilus influenzae type B was the most commonly detected microbe (77.4% of non-acute and 64.8% of acute samples). In acute samples, nine specific microbe pairs were detected more frequently than expected by chance. Regression models indicated significantly lower Microbial Load in non-acute relative to acute samples for H. influenzae non-type B, Streptococcus pneumoniae and rhinovirus, although it was not possible to identify a Ct-value threshold indicating causal etiology for any of these organisms. Conclusions Semi-quantitative measures of Microbial concentration did not reliably differentiate between illness and asymptomatic colonization, suggesting that clinical symptoms may not always be directly related to Microbial Load for common respiratory infections
Slade O. Jensen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect on total Microbial Load and community composition with two vs six-week topical Cadexomer Iodine for treating chronic biofilm infections in diabetic foot ulcers.
International wound journal, 2019Co-Authors: Matthew Malone, Saskia Schwarzer, Michael Radzieta, Thomas C. Jeffries, Annie Walsh, Hugh G. Dickson, Grace Micali, Slade O. JensenAbstract:This study compares two vs six weeks of topical antiMicrobial therapy with Cadexomer Iodine in patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) complicated by chronic biofilm infections. Patients with non-healing DFUs with suspected chronic biofilm infections were eligible for enrolment. Patients were randomised to receive either two or six weeks of treatment with topical Cadexomer Iodine. Tissue biopsies from the ulcers were obtained pre-and-post treatment and underwent DNA sequencing and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to determine the total Microbial Load, community composition, and diversity of bacteria. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed biofilm in all 18 ulcers with suspected chronic biofilm infections. Cadexomer Iodine resulted in 14 of 18 (78%) samples achieving a mean 0.5 log10 reduction in Microbial Load. Regardless of treatment duration, there was no statistical difference in the reduction of total Microbial Loads. No difference in the rate of wound healing in the two groups was seen at 6 weeks. Cadexomer Iodine reduces the total Microbial Load in DFUs with chronic biofilm infections and affects Microbial community composition and diversity. All ulcers in both groups showed an initial reduction in wound size with application of Cadexomer Iodine, which might reflect its effect on biofilms.
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effect of cadexomer iodine on the Microbial Load and diversity of chronic non healing diabetic foot ulcers complicated by biofilm in vivo
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 2017Co-Authors: Matthew Malone, Hugh G. Dickson, Slade O. Jensen, Khalid Johani, Iain B Gosbell, Susan V Mclennan, Karen VickeryAbstract:Objectives The performance of cadexomer iodine was determined against Microbial populations from chronic non-healing diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) complicated by biofilm in vivo , using molecular, microscopy and zymography methods. Methods Chronic non-healing DFUs due to suspected biofilm involvement were eligible for enrolment. DNA sequencing and real-time quantitative PCR was used to determine the Microbial Load and diversity of tissue punch biopsies obtained pre- and post-treatment. Scanning electron microscopy and/or fluorescence in situ hybridization confirmed the presence or absence of biofilm. Zymography was used to determine levels of wound proteases. Results Seventeen participants were recruited over a 6 month period. Scanning electron microscopy and or fluorescence in situ hybridization confirmed the presence of biofilm in all samples. Eleven participants exhibited log 10 reductions in Microbial Load after treatment (range 1-2 log 10 ) in comparison with six patients who experienced <1 log 10 reduction ( P = 0.04). Samples were tested for levels of wound proteases pre- and post-treatment. Reductions in the Microbial Load correlated to reductions in wound proteases pre- and post-treatment ( P = 0.03). Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, this study represents the first in vivo evidence, employing a range of molecular and microscopy techniques, of the ability of cadexomer iodine to reduce the Microbial Load of chronic non-healing DFUs complicated by biofilm. Further analyses correlating log reductions to optimal duration of therapy and improvements in clinical parameters of wound healing in a larger cohort are required.
Matthew Malone - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect on total Microbial Load and community composition with two vs six-week topical Cadexomer Iodine for treating chronic biofilm infections in diabetic foot ulcers.
International wound journal, 2019Co-Authors: Matthew Malone, Saskia Schwarzer, Michael Radzieta, Thomas C. Jeffries, Annie Walsh, Hugh G. Dickson, Grace Micali, Slade O. JensenAbstract:This study compares two vs six weeks of topical antiMicrobial therapy with Cadexomer Iodine in patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) complicated by chronic biofilm infections. Patients with non-healing DFUs with suspected chronic biofilm infections were eligible for enrolment. Patients were randomised to receive either two or six weeks of treatment with topical Cadexomer Iodine. Tissue biopsies from the ulcers were obtained pre-and-post treatment and underwent DNA sequencing and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to determine the total Microbial Load, community composition, and diversity of bacteria. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed biofilm in all 18 ulcers with suspected chronic biofilm infections. Cadexomer Iodine resulted in 14 of 18 (78%) samples achieving a mean 0.5 log10 reduction in Microbial Load. Regardless of treatment duration, there was no statistical difference in the reduction of total Microbial Loads. No difference in the rate of wound healing in the two groups was seen at 6 weeks. Cadexomer Iodine reduces the total Microbial Load in DFUs with chronic biofilm infections and affects Microbial community composition and diversity. All ulcers in both groups showed an initial reduction in wound size with application of Cadexomer Iodine, which might reflect its effect on biofilms.
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effect of cadexomer iodine on the Microbial Load and diversity of chronic non healing diabetic foot ulcers complicated by biofilm in vivo
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 2017Co-Authors: Matthew Malone, Hugh G. Dickson, Slade O. Jensen, Khalid Johani, Iain B Gosbell, Susan V Mclennan, Karen VickeryAbstract:Objectives The performance of cadexomer iodine was determined against Microbial populations from chronic non-healing diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) complicated by biofilm in vivo , using molecular, microscopy and zymography methods. Methods Chronic non-healing DFUs due to suspected biofilm involvement were eligible for enrolment. DNA sequencing and real-time quantitative PCR was used to determine the Microbial Load and diversity of tissue punch biopsies obtained pre- and post-treatment. Scanning electron microscopy and/or fluorescence in situ hybridization confirmed the presence or absence of biofilm. Zymography was used to determine levels of wound proteases. Results Seventeen participants were recruited over a 6 month period. Scanning electron microscopy and or fluorescence in situ hybridization confirmed the presence of biofilm in all samples. Eleven participants exhibited log 10 reductions in Microbial Load after treatment (range 1-2 log 10 ) in comparison with six patients who experienced <1 log 10 reduction ( P = 0.04). Samples were tested for levels of wound proteases pre- and post-treatment. Reductions in the Microbial Load correlated to reductions in wound proteases pre- and post-treatment ( P = 0.03). Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, this study represents the first in vivo evidence, employing a range of molecular and microscopy techniques, of the ability of cadexomer iodine to reduce the Microbial Load of chronic non-healing DFUs complicated by biofilm. Further analyses correlating log reductions to optimal duration of therapy and improvements in clinical parameters of wound healing in a larger cohort are required.
Robert V. Gibbons - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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association between semi quantitative Microbial Load and respiratory symptoms among thai military recruits a prospective cohort study
BMC Infectious Diseases, 2018Co-Authors: Clarence C. Tam, Vittoria Offeddu, Kathryn B. Anderson, Alden L. Weg, Louis R. Macareo, Damon W. Ellison, Ram Rangsin, Stefan Fernandez, Robert V. GibbonsAbstract:Multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction assays have improved diagnostic sensitivity for a wide range of pathogens. However, co-detection of multiple agents and bacterial colonization make it difficult to distinguish between asymptomatic infection or illness aetiology. We assessed whether semi-quantitative Microbial Load data can differentiate between symptomatic and asymptomatic states for common respiratory pathogens. We obtained throat and nasal swab samples from military trainees at two Thai Army barracks. Specimens were collected at the start and end of 10-week training periods (non-acute samples), and from individuals who developed upper respiratory tract infection during training (acute samples). We analysed the samples using a commercial multiplex respiratory panel comprising 33 bacterial, viral and fungal targets. We used random effects tobit models to compare cycle threshold (Ct) value distributions from non-acute and acute samples. We analysed 341 non-acute and 145 acute swab samples from 274 participants. Haemophilus influenzae type B was the most commonly detected microbe (77.4% of non-acute and 64.8% of acute samples). In acute samples, nine specific microbe pairs were detected more frequently than expected by chance. Regression models indicated significantly lower Microbial Load in non-acute relative to acute samples for H. influenzae non-type B, Streptococcus pneumoniae and rhinovirus, although it was not possible to identify a Ct-value threshold indicating causal etiology for any of these organisms. Semi-quantitative measures of Microbial concentration did not reliably differentiate between illness and asymptomatic colonization, suggesting that clinical symptoms may not always be directly related to Microbial Load for common respiratory infections.
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Association between semi-quantitative Microbial Load and respiratory symptoms among Thai military recruits: a prospective cohort study
'Springer Science and Business Media LLC', 2018Co-Authors: Clarence C. Tam, Vittoria Offeddu, Kathryn B. Anderson, Alden L. Weg, Louis R. Macareo, Damon W. Ellison, Ram Rangsin, Stefan Fernandez, Robert V. Gibbons, In-kyu YoonAbstract:Abstract Background Multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction assays have improved diagnostic sensitivity for a wide range of pathogens. However, co-detection of multiple agents and bacterial colonization make it difficult to distinguish between asymptomatic infection or illness aetiology. We assessed whether semi-quantitative Microbial Load data can differentiate between symptomatic and asymptomatic states for common respiratory pathogens. Methods We obtained throat and nasal swab samples from military trainees at two Thai Army barracks. Specimens were collected at the start and end of 10-week training periods (non-acute samples), and from individuals who developed upper respiratory tract infection during training (acute samples). We analysed the samples using a commercial multiplex respiratory panel comprising 33 bacterial, viral and fungal targets. We used random effects tobit models to compare cycle threshold (Ct) value distributions from non-acute and acute samples. Results We analysed 341 non-acute and 145 acute swab samples from 274 participants. Haemophilus influenzae type B was the most commonly detected microbe (77.4% of non-acute and 64.8% of acute samples). In acute samples, nine specific microbe pairs were detected more frequently than expected by chance. Regression models indicated significantly lower Microbial Load in non-acute relative to acute samples for H. influenzae non-type B, Streptococcus pneumoniae and rhinovirus, although it was not possible to identify a Ct-value threshold indicating causal etiology for any of these organisms. Conclusions Semi-quantitative measures of Microbial concentration did not reliably differentiate between illness and asymptomatic colonization, suggesting that clinical symptoms may not always be directly related to Microbial Load for common respiratory infections
Hugh G. Dickson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect on total Microbial Load and community composition with two vs six-week topical Cadexomer Iodine for treating chronic biofilm infections in diabetic foot ulcers.
International wound journal, 2019Co-Authors: Matthew Malone, Saskia Schwarzer, Michael Radzieta, Thomas C. Jeffries, Annie Walsh, Hugh G. Dickson, Grace Micali, Slade O. JensenAbstract:This study compares two vs six weeks of topical antiMicrobial therapy with Cadexomer Iodine in patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) complicated by chronic biofilm infections. Patients with non-healing DFUs with suspected chronic biofilm infections were eligible for enrolment. Patients were randomised to receive either two or six weeks of treatment with topical Cadexomer Iodine. Tissue biopsies from the ulcers were obtained pre-and-post treatment and underwent DNA sequencing and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to determine the total Microbial Load, community composition, and diversity of bacteria. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed biofilm in all 18 ulcers with suspected chronic biofilm infections. Cadexomer Iodine resulted in 14 of 18 (78%) samples achieving a mean 0.5 log10 reduction in Microbial Load. Regardless of treatment duration, there was no statistical difference in the reduction of total Microbial Loads. No difference in the rate of wound healing in the two groups was seen at 6 weeks. Cadexomer Iodine reduces the total Microbial Load in DFUs with chronic biofilm infections and affects Microbial community composition and diversity. All ulcers in both groups showed an initial reduction in wound size with application of Cadexomer Iodine, which might reflect its effect on biofilms.
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effect of cadexomer iodine on the Microbial Load and diversity of chronic non healing diabetic foot ulcers complicated by biofilm in vivo
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 2017Co-Authors: Matthew Malone, Hugh G. Dickson, Slade O. Jensen, Khalid Johani, Iain B Gosbell, Susan V Mclennan, Karen VickeryAbstract:Objectives The performance of cadexomer iodine was determined against Microbial populations from chronic non-healing diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) complicated by biofilm in vivo , using molecular, microscopy and zymography methods. Methods Chronic non-healing DFUs due to suspected biofilm involvement were eligible for enrolment. DNA sequencing and real-time quantitative PCR was used to determine the Microbial Load and diversity of tissue punch biopsies obtained pre- and post-treatment. Scanning electron microscopy and/or fluorescence in situ hybridization confirmed the presence or absence of biofilm. Zymography was used to determine levels of wound proteases. Results Seventeen participants were recruited over a 6 month period. Scanning electron microscopy and or fluorescence in situ hybridization confirmed the presence of biofilm in all samples. Eleven participants exhibited log 10 reductions in Microbial Load after treatment (range 1-2 log 10 ) in comparison with six patients who experienced <1 log 10 reduction ( P = 0.04). Samples were tested for levels of wound proteases pre- and post-treatment. Reductions in the Microbial Load correlated to reductions in wound proteases pre- and post-treatment ( P = 0.03). Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, this study represents the first in vivo evidence, employing a range of molecular and microscopy techniques, of the ability of cadexomer iodine to reduce the Microbial Load of chronic non-healing DFUs complicated by biofilm. Further analyses correlating log reductions to optimal duration of therapy and improvements in clinical parameters of wound healing in a larger cohort are required.