The Experts below are selected from a list of 238362 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Mark G. Neyland - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Survival and growth of Nothofagus pumilio seedlings under several Microenvironments after variable retention harvesting in southern Patagonian forests
Annals of Forest Science, 2014Co-Authors: Guillermo J. Martínez Pastur, Rosina Soler Esteban, Juan Cellini, María V. Lencinas, Pablo L. Peri, Mark G. NeylandAbstract:& Context Variable retention prescriptions for Nothofagus pumilio forests provide for biodiversity conservation and natural regeneration by controlled opening of the canopy. Harvesting generates different Microenvironments which present dissimilar conditions for seedling establishment, due to positive or negative influences over biotic and abiotic factors. & Aims This study evaluated seedling survival and perfor-mance in different Microenvironments within the harvested stands. Tested hypotheses stated that seedling stress and per-formance were influenced by harvesting due to changes in forest structure, microclimate, soil properties, and nutrient availability. & Methods In the stands harvested by variable retention, five contrasting Microenvironments were selected as treatments for the experiments and sampling. Environmental variables were related to ecophysiological, seedling survival, and performance. & Results The modification of forest structure (crown cover and tree density) and the presence of coarse woody debris greatly affect the effective rainfall and global radiation reaching understorey level, influencing seedling stress and consequently survival and performance. Harvesting also mod-ifies soil properties (e.g., soil bulk density) and coarse woody debris accumulation which in turn influences soil mois-ture and/or solar radiation levels. Analyses showed that seedlings received benefits of microenvironment varia-tion after harvesting. Areas covered with middle or fine woody debris presented regeneration with better eco-physiological response and seedling performance, al-though dispersed retention areas (far away from remnant trees) and roads could also present suitable conditions for seedling survival and performance. & Conclusions The proportion of different microenviron-ments in the harvested forests will determine the amount of natural recruitment of regeneration and consequently the suc-cess of proposed silvicultural management. Forest practices must be manipulated to increase the proportion of favorable Microenvironments (e.g., woody debris), allowing greater nat-ural regeneration success during the first years after harvesting.
Guillermo J. Martínez Pastur - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Survival and growth of Nothofagus pumilio seedlings under several Microenvironments after variable retention harvesting in southern Patagonian forests
Annals of Forest Science, 2014Co-Authors: Guillermo J. Martínez Pastur, Rosina Soler Esteban, Juan Cellini, María V. Lencinas, Pablo L. Peri, Mark G. NeylandAbstract:& Context Variable retention prescriptions for Nothofagus pumilio forests provide for biodiversity conservation and natural regeneration by controlled opening of the canopy. Harvesting generates different Microenvironments which present dissimilar conditions for seedling establishment, due to positive or negative influences over biotic and abiotic factors. & Aims This study evaluated seedling survival and perfor-mance in different Microenvironments within the harvested stands. Tested hypotheses stated that seedling stress and per-formance were influenced by harvesting due to changes in forest structure, microclimate, soil properties, and nutrient availability. & Methods In the stands harvested by variable retention, five contrasting Microenvironments were selected as treatments for the experiments and sampling. Environmental variables were related to ecophysiological, seedling survival, and performance. & Results The modification of forest structure (crown cover and tree density) and the presence of coarse woody debris greatly affect the effective rainfall and global radiation reaching understorey level, influencing seedling stress and consequently survival and performance. Harvesting also mod-ifies soil properties (e.g., soil bulk density) and coarse woody debris accumulation which in turn influences soil mois-ture and/or solar radiation levels. Analyses showed that seedlings received benefits of microenvironment varia-tion after harvesting. Areas covered with middle or fine woody debris presented regeneration with better eco-physiological response and seedling performance, al-though dispersed retention areas (far away from remnant trees) and roads could also present suitable conditions for seedling survival and performance. & Conclusions The proportion of different microenviron-ments in the harvested forests will determine the amount of natural recruitment of regeneration and consequently the suc-cess of proposed silvicultural management. Forest practices must be manipulated to increase the proportion of favorable Microenvironments (e.g., woody debris), allowing greater nat-ural regeneration success during the first years after harvesting.
Utkan Demirci - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Engineering cancer Microenvironments for in vitro 3-D tumor models
Materials Today, 2015Co-Authors: Waseem Asghar, Hoornaz Shafiee, Rami El Assal, Sharon Pitteri, Ramasamy Paulmurugan, Utkan DemirciAbstract:The natural microenvironment of tumors is composed of extracellular matrix (ECM), blood vasculature, and supporting stromal cells. The physical characteristics of ECM as well as the cellular components play a vital role in controlling cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, metabolism, and differentiation. To mimic the tumor microenvironment outside the human body for drug testing, two-dimensional (2-D) and murine tumor models are routinely used. Although these conventional approaches are employed in preclinical studies, they still present challenges. For example, murine tumor models are expensive and difficult to adopt for routine drug screening. On the other hand, 2-D in vitro models are simple to perform, but they do not recapitulate natural tumor microenvironment, because they do not capture important three-dimensional (3-D) cell-cell, cell-matrix signaling pathways, and multi-cellular heterogeneous components of the tumor microenvironment such as stromal and immune cells. The three-dimensional (3-D) in vitro tumor models aim to closely mimic cancer Microenvironments and have emerged as an alternative to routinely used methods for drug screening. Herein, we review recent advances in 3-D tumor model generation and highlight directions for future applications in drug testing.
Juan Cellini - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Survival and growth of Nothofagus pumilio seedlings under several Microenvironments after variable retention harvesting in southern Patagonian forests
Annals of Forest Science, 2014Co-Authors: Guillermo J. Martínez Pastur, Rosina Soler Esteban, Juan Cellini, María V. Lencinas, Pablo L. Peri, Mark G. NeylandAbstract:& Context Variable retention prescriptions for Nothofagus pumilio forests provide for biodiversity conservation and natural regeneration by controlled opening of the canopy. Harvesting generates different Microenvironments which present dissimilar conditions for seedling establishment, due to positive or negative influences over biotic and abiotic factors. & Aims This study evaluated seedling survival and perfor-mance in different Microenvironments within the harvested stands. Tested hypotheses stated that seedling stress and per-formance were influenced by harvesting due to changes in forest structure, microclimate, soil properties, and nutrient availability. & Methods In the stands harvested by variable retention, five contrasting Microenvironments were selected as treatments for the experiments and sampling. Environmental variables were related to ecophysiological, seedling survival, and performance. & Results The modification of forest structure (crown cover and tree density) and the presence of coarse woody debris greatly affect the effective rainfall and global radiation reaching understorey level, influencing seedling stress and consequently survival and performance. Harvesting also mod-ifies soil properties (e.g., soil bulk density) and coarse woody debris accumulation which in turn influences soil mois-ture and/or solar radiation levels. Analyses showed that seedlings received benefits of microenvironment varia-tion after harvesting. Areas covered with middle or fine woody debris presented regeneration with better eco-physiological response and seedling performance, al-though dispersed retention areas (far away from remnant trees) and roads could also present suitable conditions for seedling survival and performance. & Conclusions The proportion of different microenviron-ments in the harvested forests will determine the amount of natural recruitment of regeneration and consequently the suc-cess of proposed silvicultural management. Forest practices must be manipulated to increase the proportion of favorable Microenvironments (e.g., woody debris), allowing greater nat-ural regeneration success during the first years after harvesting.
María V. Lencinas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Survival and growth of Nothofagus pumilio seedlings under several Microenvironments after variable retention harvesting in southern Patagonian forests
Annals of Forest Science, 2014Co-Authors: Guillermo J. Martínez Pastur, Rosina Soler Esteban, Juan Cellini, María V. Lencinas, Pablo L. Peri, Mark G. NeylandAbstract:& Context Variable retention prescriptions for Nothofagus pumilio forests provide for biodiversity conservation and natural regeneration by controlled opening of the canopy. Harvesting generates different Microenvironments which present dissimilar conditions for seedling establishment, due to positive or negative influences over biotic and abiotic factors. & Aims This study evaluated seedling survival and perfor-mance in different Microenvironments within the harvested stands. Tested hypotheses stated that seedling stress and per-formance were influenced by harvesting due to changes in forest structure, microclimate, soil properties, and nutrient availability. & Methods In the stands harvested by variable retention, five contrasting Microenvironments were selected as treatments for the experiments and sampling. Environmental variables were related to ecophysiological, seedling survival, and performance. & Results The modification of forest structure (crown cover and tree density) and the presence of coarse woody debris greatly affect the effective rainfall and global radiation reaching understorey level, influencing seedling stress and consequently survival and performance. Harvesting also mod-ifies soil properties (e.g., soil bulk density) and coarse woody debris accumulation which in turn influences soil mois-ture and/or solar radiation levels. Analyses showed that seedlings received benefits of microenvironment varia-tion after harvesting. Areas covered with middle or fine woody debris presented regeneration with better eco-physiological response and seedling performance, al-though dispersed retention areas (far away from remnant trees) and roads could also present suitable conditions for seedling survival and performance. & Conclusions The proportion of different microenviron-ments in the harvested forests will determine the amount of natural recruitment of regeneration and consequently the suc-cess of proposed silvicultural management. Forest practices must be manipulated to increase the proportion of favorable Microenvironments (e.g., woody debris), allowing greater nat-ural regeneration success during the first years after harvesting.
