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James Rodgers - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Impact of temperature and relative humidity on the near infrared spectroscopy measurements of cotton fiber Micronaire
    Textile Research Journal, 2017
    Co-Authors: Jimmy Zumba, James Rodgers, Matthew O Indest
    Abstract:

    A key cotton fiber property is Micronaire. Micronaire can impact the fiber’s quality, textile processing efficiency, and fabric dye consistency. Fiber Micronaire is normally measured in a laborator...

  • Measurement comparison of cotton fiber Micronaire and its components by portable near infrared spectroscopy instruments
    Textile Research Journal, 2016
    Co-Authors: James Rodgers, Jimmy Zumba, Chanel Fortier
    Abstract:

    Micronaire is a key cotton fiber quality assessment property, and changes in fiber Micronaire can impact fiber processing and dyeing consistency. Micronaire is a function of two fiber components—maturity and fineness. Historically, Micronaire is measured in a laboratory under tightly controlled environmental conditions. There is increased interest by the cotton and textile industry to measure key fiber properties both in the laboratory and in-field (non-controlled conditions), using small portable near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy instruments. A program was implemented to determine the feasibility of using portable NIR instruments to monitor fiber Micronaire, maturity, and fineness. Prior to outside the laboratory measurements (field, warehouse, etc.), laboratory feasibility was performed to assess the NIR instruments’ capabilities. Comparative evaluations for fiber Micronaire, maturity, and fineness were performed on three portable NIR instruments. Instrumental, sampling, and operational procedures and pr...

  • cotton Micronaire measurements using small portable near infrared nir analyzers
    Applied Spectroscopy, 2016
    Co-Authors: Jimmy Zumba, James Rodgers
    Abstract:

    A key quality and processing parameter for cotton fiber is Micronaire, which is a function of the fiber's maturity and fineness. Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has previously shown the ability to measure Micronaire, primarily in the laboratory and using large, research-grade laboratory NIR instrumentation. International interest has been expressed by the industry in the measurement of fiber Micronaire using small, portable NIR spectroscopy instruments for both laboratory and outside the laboratory (e.g., field or greenhouse) locations. New, very small NIR micro-spectrometers have been commercialized that offer the potential advantages of smaller size and lower weight, lower cost, and increased portability over current portable units. A program was implemented to determine the feasibility of a small NIR micro-spectrometer to measure fiber Micronaire both in the laboratory and outside the laboratory, with initial emphasis on laboratory measurements prior to moving to field evaluations. In the laboratory, distinct spectral differences with increasing Micronaire were observed. Optimal sampling and instrumental procedures and protocols for two units (different spectral wavelength capabilities) were established. Comparative evaluations established very good method Micronaire agreement between the micro-spectrometer and a standard portable spectrometer, with high Regression (R) value, low residuals, and few outliers (less than 20%). The NIR micro-spectrometer measurements were fast (<1 min per sample), required no sample preparation, and were easy to perform. All end-state criteria were exceeded. The rapid and accurate laboratory measurement of fiber Micronaire with a NIR micro-spectrometer was demonstrated.

  • Cotton Micronaire Measurements Using Small Portable Near-Infrared (NIR) Analyzers
    Applied Spectroscopy, 2016
    Co-Authors: Jimmy Zumba, James Rodgers
    Abstract:

    A key quality and processing parameter for cotton fiber is Micronaire, which is a function of the fiber's maturity and fineness. Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has previously shown the ability to measure Micronaire, primarily in the laboratory and using large, research-grade laboratory NIR instrumentation. International interest has been expressed by the industry in the measurement of fiber Micronaire using small, portable NIR spectroscopy instruments for both laboratory and outside the laboratory (e.g., field or greenhouse) locations. New, very small NIR micro-spectrometers have been commercialized that offer the potential advantages of smaller size and lower weight, lower cost, and increased portability over current portable units. A program was implemented to determine the feasibility of a small NIR micro-spectrometer to measure fiber Micronaire both in the laboratory and outside the laboratory, with initial emphasis on laboratory measurements prior to moving to field evaluations. In the laboratory, distinct spectral differences with increasing Micronaire were observed. Optimal sampling and instrumental procedures and protocols for two units (different spectral wavelength capabilities) were established. Comparative evaluations established very good method Micronaire agreement between the micro-spectrometer and a standard portable spectrometer, with high Regression (R) value, low residuals, and few outliers (less than 20%). The NIR micro-spectrometer measurements were fast (

  • New Approaches for Field Analyses of Cotton Quality by Means of Near-IR Spectroscopy Supported by Chemometrics
    Analytical Letters, 2011
    Co-Authors: Frank Vogt, Robert D. Luttrell, James Rodgers
    Abstract:

    There is a strong economic interest in routine measurements of cotton quality as production processes and final products depend on it. An important cotton property is “Micronaire,” a parameter that is indicative of the fibers' maturity and its fineness. Currently, Micronaire is normally measured in laboratories with equipment that prohibits routine field analyses. The goal of this study is a proof-of-principle demonstrating that cotton quality as determined via fiber Micronaire is correlated to fiber properties and that these properties can be determined by near-infrared (NIR) reflection spectroscopy using portable instrumentation in conjunction with Principal Component Regression for Micronaire prediction. A set of 191 cotton samples was acquired from over 100 different upland cotton varieties, and initial spectroscopic studies confirmed the feasibility of NIR spectroscopy to measure cotton Micronaire in the laboratory with portable NIR instrumentation. Sample reproducibility was an issue which has been ...

J. C. Silvertooth - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Review of the 2002 Arizona Cotton Season
    2003
    Co-Authors: J. C. Silvertooth
    Abstract:

    According to the Arizona Agricultural Statistics Service (USDA), a total of 238,000 acres were planted to cotton in 2002. Approximately 230,000 acres consisted of Upland (Gossypium hirsutum L.) varieties and 8,000 acres were planted to American Pima (G. barbadense L.) cotton. Current yield estimates indicate a statewide average of 1,262 lbs. lint/acre for Upland and 972 lbs. lint/acre for Pima. For both Upland and Pima these are good “average” yields for Arizona. The five-year average for Upland cotton yields in Arizona is 1253 lbs. lint/acre. Arizona continues to plant a rather large proportion of the acreage to transgenic varieties. Seed sales estimates (Figure 1) indicate that transgenic varieties were planted on approximately 80% of the Arizona acreage in 2002. The BG (bollgard) and herbicide resistant (Roundup Ready (RR) and Buctril resistant) varieties have been very important in Arizona in recent years. The “stacked gene” varieties that possess both BG and RR characteristics continue to hold about 43% of the total cotton acreage in Arizona. Total acreage planted to varieties with BG and RR genes were 64% and 57%, respectively in 2002. The 2002 cotton-growing season was actually very good in terms of weather and climate patterns. In general, many cotton fields in Arizona experienced early fruiting (first fruiting branch initiated at nodes 5 through 7) and excellent early fruit retention. Fruit retention levels were generally very good for most of the season in relation to established baselines for Arizona cotton production conditions. Thus, the potential for a good crop was developed relatively early in Arizona in 2002. This potential was further enhanced by the fact that insect pest infestations were generally light (in relation to what we commonly experience) and crop managers were able to handle them very effectively in most cases. High Micronaire values have plagued the Arizona Upland cotton crops in recent years (Figure 2). In 2002 only 25% of the Upland cotton has been classified as having fiber Micronaire in the discount range (> 5.0). This represents a substantial reduction in relation to recent years for Arizona. We were fortunate in 2002 to experience an early crop with a uniform fruit set, good fruit retention, good yields, and the benefit of more fields with good Micronaire and other fiber properties. However, the potential for a high Micronaire problem still exists and continues to be a point of major concern for future Arizona cotton production. Fiber quality (length, strength, uniformity, Micronaire, etc.) will continue to be a point of major focus and concern in the development of varieties and production practices that are best for Arizona production conditions.

  • Evaluation of Irrigation Termination Effects on Fiber Micronaire and Yield of Upland Cotton, 2001-2002
    2002
    Co-Authors: J. C. Silvertooth, J. Galadima
    Abstract:

    Arizona has experienced a trend toward increasing fiber Micronaire values in recent years resulting in substantial discounts on fiber value. There is some evidence to suggest that irrigation termination management can impact fiber Micronaire. Field studies were conducted in 2000 and 2001 at the University of Arizona Maricopa Agricultural Center (MAC; 1,175 ft. elevation) and the Yuma Valley Agricultural Center (YVAC; 150 ft. elevation) to evaluate the effects of three dates of irrigation termination on the yield of several Upland cotton varieties. Three dates of irrigation termination (IT1, IT2, and IT3) were imposed based upon crop development. The earliest irrigation termination date, IT1 was made slightly ahead of an optimum date to provide sufficient soil-water such that bolls set at the end of the first fruiting cycle would not be water stressed and could be fully matured. Thus, the IT1 date was imposed to try to reduce overall Micronaire. The second termination (IT2) date provided one additional irrigation over an optimal point for the first cycle fruit set and two irrigations beyond IT1. The final (IT3) date (later September) was staged so that soil moisture would be sufficient for the development of a full top-crop potential. Lint yield and Micronaire results have consistently revealed significant differences among the IT treatments. The Micronaire values were consistently less than 5.0 for the IT1 treatments. Micronaire and lint yield values increased with later IT dates.

  • Evaluation of Irrigation Termination Effects on Fiber Micronaire and Yield of Upland Cotton, 2000
    2001
    Co-Authors: J. C. Silvertooth, A. Galadima, E. R. Norton, H. Moser
    Abstract:

    Arizona has experienced a trend toward increasing fiber Micronaire values in recent years resulting in substantial discounts on fiber value. There is some evidence to suggest that irrigation termination management can impact fiber Micronaire. Field studies were conducted in 2000 and 2001 at the University of Arizona Maricopa Agricultural Center (MAC; 1,175 ft. elevation) and the Yuma Valley Agricultural Center (YVAC; 150 ft. elevation) to evaluate the effects of three dates of irrigation termination on the yield of several Upland cotton varieties. Three dates of irrigation termination (IT1, IT2, and IT3) were imposed based upon crop development. The earliest irrigation termination date, IT1 was made slightly ahead of an optimum date to provide sufficient soil-water such that bolls set at the end of the first fruiting cycle would not be water stressed and could be fully matured. Thus, the IT1 date was imposed to try to reduce overall Micronaire. The second termination (IT2) date provided one additional irrigation over an optimal point for the first cycle fruit set and two irrigations beyond IT1. The final (IT3) date (later September) was staged so that soil moisture would be sufficient for the development of a full top-crop potential. Lint yield and Micronaire results have consistently revealed significant differences among the IT treatments. The Micronaire values were consistently less than 5.0 for the IT1 treatments. Micronaire and lint yield values increased with later IT dates.

  • Recent Yield and Fiber Micronaire Tendencies for Upland Cotton in Arizona
    2001
    Co-Authors: J. C. Silvertooth
    Abstract:

    Problems associated with increasing trends towards high Micronaire values for Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) have been a matter of concern for the Arizona cotton industry in recent years. The discounts on fiber value associated with high Micronaire has been compounded by the fact that market prices for cotton fiber has been very low in recent years and yields have been stable at best. An evaluation of recent yield and fiber quality data from a number of locations in Arizona was evaluated in relation to trends within Arizona and across the U.S. cotton belt. Results indicate similar patterns exist in terms of stable yields (yield plateau) and increasing Micronaire values between Arizona and other U.S. cotton producing states. The conclusion is presented that these patterns are at least due in part to a common genetic base for varieties that grown in Arizona and beltwide. There also appears to be some distinct relationships associated with high Micronaire with region and individual farm management practices.

Terri Von Hoven - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Biased Experimental Fineness and Maturity Results
    Textile Research Journal, 2007
    Co-Authors: Joseph G. Montalvo, Terri Von Hoven, Gayle H. Davidonis
    Abstract:

    In an earlier paper, we developed models and performed computer simulations to understand the variability in coefficients of determination (R2) between fineness and maturity, Micronaire and fineness, and Micronaire and maturity of cotton. We subsequently concentrated on derivation and testing of several diagnostic models to enhance the R2 and provide information about the analytical quality (accuracy) of the results. We then introduced modeling of biased fineness and maturity results. Error functions were derived based on Micronaire values, specifically, Lord's Micronaire model. This paper demonstrates testing of a key diagnostic model on two different sample sets of 21 cottons. The results from one sample set — analyzed on the fineness and maturity tester — fit the model. Results from the other sample set — analyzed on both the advanced fiber information system (AFIS) A-2 and AFISPRO — demonstrate a lack of fit to the diagnostic model. This lack of fit is due to bias in the AFIS fineness and maturity mea...

  • Modeling Biased Fineness and Maturity Results
    Textile Research Journal, 2007
    Co-Authors: Joseph G. Montalvo, Terri Von Hoven
    Abstract:

    In an earlier paper, our classical models study included simulations to explain the variability in coefficients of determination (R2) between fineness and maturity, Micronaire and fineness, and Micronaire and maturity of cotton. Subsequently, we emphasized the derivation and testing of three diagnostic models to enhance the R2 and provide information about the analytical quality (accuracy) of the results. In this paper, the theory of biased fineness and maturity measures is introduced and effects on the relationships with Micronaire are simulated. Error functions based on Lord's Micronaire model are derived to express biased results relative to the unbiased values. The simulations include three case studies in order of increasing complexity: bias varies linearly with Micronaire, bias is nonlinear with Micronaire, and random error is added to the bias. Classical and diagnostic model plots of the simulated unbiased and biased data are presented in detail to readily determine differences in the relationships.

  • TEXTILE TECHNOLOGY Relationships Between Micronaire, Fineness, and Maturity. Part II. Experimental
    2005
    Co-Authors: Joseph G. Montalvo, Terri Von Hoven
    Abstract:

    In Part I of this series, models were developed and computer simulated to understand the variability in coefficients of determination ( R 2 ) between fineness and maturity, Micronaire and fineness, and Micronaire and maturity of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). All plots of the simulated fiber prop erties produced families of lines rather than a single line because biological or cross-sectional perimeter plays a significant role in interpretation of the re lationships. To enhance the R 2 values, this paper revisits the Part I simulation database to obtain information about how to derive diagnostic relationships to fit to a simple linear model. These new expressions incorporate perimeter in the model in a way that families of lines give a single line plot. The diagnostic criteria for fitting data to a model are that plots of the data yield a single line with a high R 2 and with predictable slope and intercept values. A fit of the data provides a proof for the Lord equation for Micronaire and for the definitions of fineness and maturity in equation form. It is of special significance that the definitions of fineness and maturity are independent of the experimental methods of measurement and independent of the Lord equation. The diagnostic models were tested on 305 cottons with experimental data produced by the Southern Regional Research Center (SRRC) upgraded Fineness and Maturity Tester (FMT). For all of the diagnostic relationships, plots of the FMT data produced a single line with a high R 2 and with slopes and intercepts that conform to simulation predictions.

  • update on Micronaire maturity and fineness research
    2004
    Co-Authors: Terri Von Hoven
    Abstract:

    Fiber property research regarding the measurement of Micronaire, maturity and fineness has been ongoing at the Southern Regional Research Center. This paper presents an update of the most recent advances in several aspects of this research. First, these fiber properties were measured with an upgraded Micromat Fineness and Maturity tester (FMT) as well as with a near infrared instrument (NIR). Cottons from two consecutive growing seasons (2001 and 2002) in fixed regions were evaluated from year to year and region to region. Secondly, the NIR was calibrated with over 200 cottons analyzed by the FMT. Prediction algorithms were generated and used to predict the fiber properties of a different set of cottons, the 2002 crop. Results were subsequently correlated with the FMT measurements. Thirdly, the experimental relationships between properties were investigated further and were determined to be governed by a family of continuous lines, rather than a single line.

Vikki Martin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Application of near infrared spectroscopy in cotton fiber Micronaire measurement
    Information Processing in Agriculture, 2016
    Co-Authors: Yongliang Liu, Chris Delhom, B. Todd Campbell, Vikki Martin
    Abstract:

    Abstract The term “Micronaire” describes an important cotton fiber property by characterizing both the fiber maturity and fineness. In practice, Micronaire is regularly measured in laboratories with the well established high volume instrumentation (HVI™) protocol. In most scenarios, cotton breeders/geneticists sent cotton breeding line field trial samples to laboratories equipped to use the HVI™ systems available for fiber Micronaire determination. Researchers have previously investigated the use of NIR as an alternative means of measuring Micronaire either at breeding sites or in standard laboratories. As a proof-of-concept investigation, this study collected both near infrared (NIR) spectra and HVI™ Micronaire from a total of 381 cottons harvested in the 2011 and 2012 crop years. Partial least square (PLS) calibration model relating NIR spectral information to fiber HVI™ Micronaire was developed and then applied to both a validation sample set from identical crop years and an independent test sample set from the 2014 crop year. Results indicated an acceptable bias (or differences between HVI™ measured and NIR predicted Micronaire) and an over 97% correctly predicted Micronaire (within ±0.30 Micronaire unit) in an independent test set. Therefore, the development of a robust and effective NIR model for rapid laboratory Micronaire assessment that would be applicable to remote/breeding locations is feasible.

  • Comparative Relationship of Fiber Strength and Yarn Tenacity in Four Cotton Cultivars
    Journal of Materials Science Research, 2015
    Co-Authors: Yongliang Liu, Chris Delhom, B. Todd Campbell, Vikki Martin
    Abstract:

    High volume instrumentation (HVI TM ) measurement is a primary and routine tool of providing fiber properties to cotton researchers. There have been considerable studies designed to derive yarn quality from acquired fiber quality data by various means, including HVI. There is also of desired information about the comparison of yarn quality within a cotton cultivar or among the cultivars, as such knowledge could be informative in attempts to understand the selection of cotton cultivars. The purpose of this preliminary study was to characterize the fiber HVI strength and yarn skein tenacity of four cotton cultivar harvested from three locations in different crop years. Instead of developing linear regression models from acquired fiber property parameters to predict yarn tenacity, this study applied a simple ratio method (i.e., correct fiber strength or yarn tenacity with fiber Micronaire component) to relate fiber strength with yarn tenacity. The results indicate that three cultivars (DP 393, Phytogen 72, and FM 958) show stronger correlation between Micronaire corrected yarn tenacity and Micronaire corrected fiber HVI strength. It implies the feasibility of utilizing HVI fiber Micronaire and strength property data, as a semi-quantitative and fast tool, to compare the yarn tenacity performance within a cotton cultivar or between cultivars.

  • Near Infrared Measurement of Cotton Fiber Micronaire by Portable Near Infrared Instrumentation
    Textile Research Journal, 2010
    Co-Authors: James Rodgers, Chanel Fortier, Joseph G. Montalvo, Xiaoliang Cui, Sho Yeung Kang, Vikki Martin
    Abstract:

    In the U.S.A., cotton is classed (pri- mary quality parameters) by the Uster ® High Vol- ume Instrument (HVI), which must be maintained under tightly controlled laboratory environmental conditions. Improved and fast response quality measurement systems and tools are needed to rap- idly assess the quality of cotton. One key area of emphasis and need is the development and imple- mentation of new fast-response quality measure- ments that can be used not only in the laboratory but which also can be adapted to field and at-line quality measurements. A program was imple- mented to determine the ability of portable near- infrared (NIR) instrumentation to monitor critical fiber properties of cotton samples in the laboratory, at-line, and in the field, with initial emphasis on the laboratory measurement of cotton fiber micro- naire. Micronaire is a key cotton property, and it is an indicator of the fiber's maturity and fineness. Distinct NIR spectral differences between samples with varying Micronaire were observed. A compara- tive evaluation was performed to determine opti- mum instrumental conditions for laboratory cotton Micronaire measurements. The comparative evalu- ation established that the optimum instrumental conditions for laboratory measurements of micro- naire was obtained with the use of a glass-covered sampling port and increased instrumental gain, with high R 2 values, low residuals, and with ≤ 12% outliers. For a NIR measurement with potential for multiple simultaneous analyses and non-labo- ratory measurements, the Micronaire measure- ment was fast (< 3 min per sample) and easy to perform. The rapid and accurate laboratory meas- urement of cotton fiber Micronaire with portable NIR instrumentation was demonstrated.

Yang Hong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.