The Experts below are selected from a list of 64821 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Masami Ando - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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picosecond view of Microscopic Scale polarization clusters in paraelectric batio3
Physical Review Letters, 2004Co-Authors: Renzhong Tai, Kazumichi Namikawa, A Sawada, Maki Kishimoto, M Tanaka, K Nagashima, H Maruyama, Masami AndoAbstract:The polarization clusters existing in both the ferroelectric and the paraelectric phase of BaTiO3 are directly observed and characterized for the first time by a picosecond soft x-ray laser speckle technique. These dynamic clusters appear continuously across the Curie temperature T(c). The clusters' distance increases approximately linearly with temperature, while their mean size does not change significantly. The polarization exhibits a maximum at a temperature about 5 degrees C above T(c). The clusters' short-range correlation strength diverges as (T-T(c))(-0.41+/-0.02) as temperature decreases toward T(c).
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picosecond view of Microscopic Scale polarization clusters in paraelectric batio3
Physical Review Letters, 2004Co-Authors: Renzhong Tai, Kazumichi Namikawa, A Sawada, Maki Kishimoto, M Tanaka, K Nagashima, H Maruyama, Masami AndoAbstract:The polarization clusters existing in both the ferroelectric and the paraelectric phase of $\mathrm{B}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{T}\mathrm{i}{\mathrm{O}}_{\mathrm{3}}$ are directly observed and characterized for the first time by a picosecond soft x-ray laser speckle technique. These dynamic clusters appear continuously across the Curie temperature ${T}_{c}$. The clusters' distance increases approximately linearly with temperature, while their mean size does not change significantly. The polarization exhibits a maximum at a temperature about 5 \ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C above ${T}_{c}$. The clusters' short-range correlation strength diverges as $(T\ensuremath{-}{T}_{c}{)}^{\ensuremath{-}0.41\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.02}$ as temperature decreases toward ${T}_{c}$.
Erwan Verron - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Fatigue damage in carbon black filled natural rubber under uni- and multiaxial loading conditions
International Journal of Fatigue, 2013Co-Authors: Jean-benoit Le Cam, Bertrand Huneau, Erwan VerronAbstract:This paper deals with fatigue damage in carbon black filled natural rubber under uni- and multiaxial loading conditions. Fatigue damage is described at both the macroscopic (mechanical) Scale and the Microscopic (material) Scale. The different fatigue damages observed at the macroscopic Scale are presented according to the prescribed loading conditions. At this Scale, five elementary fatigue damage patterns are defined, three correspond to external macroscopic cracks and two correspond to internal macroscopic cracks. These elementary fatigue damage patterns are investigated at the Microscopic Scale by distinguishing crack initiation and crack growth. Results show that the cracks initiate from microstructural defects, whose mean diameter does not exceed 400 mu m and that crack initiation at the macroscopic Scale corresponds to crack growth at the Microscopic Scale, which validates recent energetic approaches adopted to predict fatigue crack initiation in rubbers. The morphology of fracture surfaces exhibits two types of features: wrenchings and fatigue striations. In particular, results highlight that several shapes of fatigue striations can form, depending on the loading conditions, and that several mechanisms of fatigue striation formation could come into play.
Annekatrin Mahlein - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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hyperspectral phenotyping on the Microscopic Scale towards automated characterization of plant pathogen interactions
Plant Methods, 2015Co-Authors: Matheus Thomas Kuska, Mirwaes Wahabzada, Marlene Leucker, Heinzwilhelm Dehne, Kristian Kersting, Erichchristian Oerke, Ulrike Steiner, Annekatrin MahleinAbstract:Background: The detection and characterization of resistance reactions of crop plants against fungal pathogens are essential to select resistant genotypes. In breeding practice phenotyping of plant genotypes is realized by time consuming and expensive visual rating. In this context hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is a promising non-invasive sensor technique in order to accelerate and to automate classical phenotyping methods. A hyperspectral microscope was established to determine spectral changes on the leaf and cellular level of barley (Hordeum vulgare) during resistance reactions against powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei, isolate K1). Experiments were conducted with near isogenic barley lines of cv. Ingrid, including the susceptible wild type (WT), mildew locus a 12 (Mla12 based resistance) and the resistant mildew locus o 3 (mlo3 based resistance), respectively. The reflection of inoculated and non-inoculated leaves was recorded daily with a hyperspectral linescanner in the visual (400 – 700 nm) and near infrared (700 – 1000 nm) range 3 to 14 days after inoculation. Results: Data analysis showed no significant differences in spectral signatures between non-inoculated genotypes. Barley leaves of the near-isogenic genotypes, inoculated with B. graminis f.sp. hordei differed in the spectral reflectance over time, respectively. The susceptible genotypes (WT, Mla12) showed an increase in reflectance in the visible range according to symptom development. However, the spectral signature of the resistant mlo-genotype did not show significant changes over the experimental period. In addition, a recent data driven approach for automated discovery of disease specific signatures, which is based on a new representation of the data using Simplex Volume Maximization (SiVM) was applied. The automated approach - evaluated in only a fraction of time revealed results similar to the time and labor intensive manually assessed hyperspectral signatures. The new representation determined by SiVM was also used to generate intuitive and easy to interpretable summaries, e.g. fingerprints or traces of hyperspectral dynamics of the different genotypes. Conclusion: With this HSI based and data driven phenotyping approach an evaluation of host-pathogen interactions over time and a discrimination of barley genotypes differing in susceptibility to powdery mildew is possible.
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hyperspectral phenotyping on the Microscopic Scale towards automated characterization of plant pathogen interactions
Plant Methods, 2015Co-Authors: Matheus Thomas Kuska, Mirwaes Wahabzada, Marlene Leucker, Heinzwilhelm Dehne, Kristian Kersting, Erichchristian Oerke, Ulrike Steiner, Annekatrin MahleinAbstract:The detection and characterization of resistance reactions of crop plants against fungal pathogens are essential to select resistant genotypes. In breeding practice phenotyping of plant genotypes is realized by time consuming and expensive visual rating. In this context hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is a promising non-invasive sensor technique in order to accelerate and to automate classical phenotyping methods. A hyperspectral microscope was established to determine spectral changes on the leaf and cellular level of barley (Hordeum vulgare) during resistance reactions against powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei, isolate K1). Experiments were conducted with near isogenic barley lines of cv. Ingrid, including the susceptible wild type (WT), mildew locus a 12 (Mla12 based resistance) and the resistant mildew locus o 3 (mlo3 based resistance), respectively. The reflection of inoculated and non-inoculated leaves was recorded daily with a hyperspectral linescanner in the visual (400 – 700 nm) and near infrared (700 – 1000 nm) range 3 to 14 days after inoculation. Data analysis showed no significant differences in spectral signatures between non-inoculated genotypes. Barley leaves of the near-isogenic genotypes, inoculated with B. graminis f.sp. hordei differed in the spectral reflectance over time, respectively. The susceptible genotypes (WT, Mla12) showed an increase in reflectance in the visible range according to symptom development. However, the spectral signature of the resistant mlo-genotype did not show significant changes over the experimental period. In addition, a recent data driven approach for automated discovery of disease specific signatures, which is based on a new representation of the data using Simplex Volume Maximization (SiVM) was applied. The automated approach - evaluated in only a fraction of time revealed results similar to the time and labor intensive manually assessed hyperspectral signatures. The new representation determined by SiVM was also used to generate intuitive and easy to interpretable summaries, e.g. fingerprints or traces of hyperspectral dynamics of the different genotypes. With this HSI based and data driven phenotyping approach an evaluation of host-pathogen interactions over time and a discrimination of barley genotypes differing in susceptibility to powdery mildew is possible.
Simon Bending - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Mapping the flux penetration profile in a 2G-HTS tape at the Microscopic Scale: deviations from a classical critical state model
Superconductor Science and Technology, 2019Co-Authors: Estefani Marchiori, Simon BendingAbstract:Datasets underpinning the 6 Figures for "Mapping the flux penetration profile in a 2G-HTS tape at the Microscopic Scale: deviations from a classical critical state model" in Superconductor Science and Technology. The data files consist of .txt files for each figure organised in individual folders and presented in labelled columns (tab delimited). The data was acquired by scanning Hall microscopy (SHM) in two operation modes: the 'local' magnetometry mode where ‘local’ magnetic induction is measured, and the rapid 'flying' mode that makes a rapid 2D scan of the maximum field of view. The data files consist of individual graph curves and SHM images. A critical state model was used to fit the experimental data and estimate the superconducting critical temperature at different temperatures.
Renzhong Tai - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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picosecond view of Microscopic Scale polarization clusters in paraelectric batio3
Physical Review Letters, 2004Co-Authors: Renzhong Tai, Kazumichi Namikawa, A Sawada, Maki Kishimoto, M Tanaka, K Nagashima, H Maruyama, Masami AndoAbstract:The polarization clusters existing in both the ferroelectric and the paraelectric phase of BaTiO3 are directly observed and characterized for the first time by a picosecond soft x-ray laser speckle technique. These dynamic clusters appear continuously across the Curie temperature T(c). The clusters' distance increases approximately linearly with temperature, while their mean size does not change significantly. The polarization exhibits a maximum at a temperature about 5 degrees C above T(c). The clusters' short-range correlation strength diverges as (T-T(c))(-0.41+/-0.02) as temperature decreases toward T(c).
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picosecond view of Microscopic Scale polarization clusters in paraelectric batio3
Physical Review Letters, 2004Co-Authors: Renzhong Tai, Kazumichi Namikawa, A Sawada, Maki Kishimoto, M Tanaka, K Nagashima, H Maruyama, Masami AndoAbstract:The polarization clusters existing in both the ferroelectric and the paraelectric phase of $\mathrm{B}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{T}\mathrm{i}{\mathrm{O}}_{\mathrm{3}}$ are directly observed and characterized for the first time by a picosecond soft x-ray laser speckle technique. These dynamic clusters appear continuously across the Curie temperature ${T}_{c}$. The clusters' distance increases approximately linearly with temperature, while their mean size does not change significantly. The polarization exhibits a maximum at a temperature about 5 \ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C above ${T}_{c}$. The clusters' short-range correlation strength diverges as $(T\ensuremath{-}{T}_{c}{)}^{\ensuremath{-}0.41\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.02}$ as temperature decreases toward ${T}_{c}$.