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Ying Yang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Induction of zonal-specific cellular morphology and matrix synthesis for biomimetic cartilage regeneration using hybrid scaffolds
    Journal of the Royal Society Interface, 2018
    Co-Authors: H. A. Owida, R. Yang, L. Cen, Nicola J. Kuiper, Ying Yang
    Abstract:

    Cartilage is anisotropic in nature and organized into distinct Zones. Our goal was to develop zonal-specific three-dimensional hybrid scaffolds which could induce the generation of zonal-specific cellular morphology and extracellular matrix (ECM) composition. The superficial and Middle Zones comprised two layers of hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel which enveloped specifically orientated or randomly arranged polylactic acid nanofibre meshes. The deep Zone comprised a HA hydrogel with multiple vertical channels. Primary bovine chondrocytes were seeded into the individual zonal scaffolds, cultured for 14 days and then the ECM was analysed. The aligned nanofibre mesh used in the superficial Zone induced an elongated cell morphology, lower glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and collagen II production, and higher cell proliferation and collagen I production than the cells in the Middle Zone scaffold. Within the Middle Zone scaffold, which comprised a randomly orientated nanofibre mesh, the cells were clustered and expressed more collagen II. The deep Zone scaffold induced the highest GAG production, the lowest cell proliferation and the lowest collagen I expression of the three Zones. Assembling the three Zones and stabilizing the arrangement with a HA hydrogel generated aligned, randomly aggregated and columnar cells in the superficial, Middle and deep Zones. This study presents a method to induce zonal-specific chondrocyte morphology and ECM production.

Umapada Pal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • HMM-based Indic handwritten word recognition using Zone segmentation
    Pattern Recognition, 2016
    Co-Authors: Partha Pratim Roy, Ayan Kumar Bhunia, Ayan Das, Prasenjit Dey, Umapada Pal
    Abstract:

    This paper presents a novel approach towards Indic handwritten word recognition using Zone-wise information. Because of complex nature due to compound characters, modifiers, overlapping and touching, etc., character segmentation and recognition is a tedious job in Indic scripts (e.g. Devanagari, Bangla, Gurumukhi, and other similar scripts). To avoid character segmentation in such scripts, HMM-based sequence modeling has been used earlier in holistic way. This paper proposes an efficient word recognition framework by segmenting the handwritten word images horizontally into three Zones (upper, Middle and lower) and then recognize the corresponding Zones. The main aim of this Zone segmentation approach is to reduce the number of distinct component classes compared to the total number of classes in Indic scripts. As a result, use of this Zone segmentation approach enhances the recognition performance of the system. The components in Middle Zone, where characters are mostly touching, are recognized using HMM. After the recognition of Middle Zone, HMM based Viterbi forced alignment is applied to mark the left and right boundaries of the characters in the Middle Zone. Next, the residue components, if any, in upper and lower Zones are obtained in a character boundary then the components are combined with the character to achieve the final word level recognition. Water reservoir-based properties have been integrated in this framework to improve the Zone segmentation and character boundary detection defects while segmentation. A novel sliding window-based feature, called Pyramid Histogram of Oriented Gradient (PHOG) is proposed for Middle Zone recognition. PHOG features have been compared with other existing features and found robust for Indic script recognition. An exhaustive experiment is performed on two Indic scripts namely, Bangla and Devanagari for the performance evaluation. From the experiment, it has been noted that proposed Zone-wise recognition improves accuracy with respect to the traditional way of Indic word recognition. A novel approach of Indic handwritten word recognition using Zone segmentation.Efficient PHOG features developed to improve the performance of HMM based Middle Zone recognition.Integration of water reservoir concept for better character alignment in a word image.A detailed study of experimental results in Bangla and Devanagari scripts has been performed.The proposed framework outperforms traditional without-Zone-segmentation based recognition systems.

  • ICDAR - A comparative study of features for handwritten Bangla text recognition
    2015 13th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR), 2015
    Co-Authors: Ayan Kumar Bhunia, Partha Pratim Roy, Ayan Das, Umapada Pal
    Abstract:

    Recognition of Bangla handwritten text is difficult due to its complex nature of having modifiers and headlines features. This paper presents a comparative study of different features namely LGH (Local Gradient of Histogram), PHOG (Pyramid Histogram of Oriented Gradient), GABOR, G-PHOG (Combined GABOR and PHOG) and profile feature by Marti-Bunke when applied in Middle Zone recognition of Bangla words using Hidden Markov Model (HMM) based framework. For this purpose, a Zone segmentation method is applied to extract the busy (Middle) Zones of handwritten words and features are extracted from the Middle Zone. The system has been tested on a sufficiently large and variation-rich dataset consisting of 11,253 training and 3,856 testing data. From the experiment, it has been noted that PHOG feature outperforms other features in Middle Zone recognition. Since PHOG feature outperform others, we use this feature for full word recognition, For this purpose initially upper and lower Zone components are recognized by PHOG features and SVM classifier. Finally, the Zone-wise results are combined by the context information of the corresponding components in each Zone to obtain the word level recognition.

Hao-yang Lee - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Petrology and geochemistry at the Lower Zone-Middle Zone transition of the Panzhihua intrusion, SW China: Implications for differentiation and oxide ore genesis
    Geoscience Frontiers, 2013
    Co-Authors: Kwan-nang Pang, Mei-fu Zhou, Sun-lin Chung, Chiu-hong Chu, Hao-yang Lee
    Abstract:

    Abstract A sequence of gabbros showing isotropic, layered and fine-grained textures is exposed in the Nalaqing mine at the southern tip of the ∼260 Ma Panzhihua intrusion, SW China. The field relations, structure, texture and mineralogy of the rocks indicate that the sequence represents the transition between the Lower Zone and Middle Zone of the intrusion. Isotropic gabbros characteristic of the Lower Zone pass upward to layered gabbros of the Middle Zone through a ∼5 m-thick microgabbro sheet, within and close to which small-scaled, concordant Fe-Ti oxide ore horizons are identified. Strong fractionation between HFSE and REE in a subset of samples is ascribed to cumulus titanomagnetite into which HFSE are preferentially incorporated over REE, as reflected in the parallel relations between Nb/La, Hf/Sm and Ti/Ti*. Both the isotropic and layered gabbros display cumulate textures and have similar mineral compositions (Mg # of clinopyroxene = ∼76–79 and An 59–61 ), isotopic compositions [( 87 Sr/ 86 Sr) i  = 0.7044–0.7045 and e Nd ( t ) = +2.4 to +3.9] and trapped liquid contents inferred from Zr abundance (∼17–34 ppm). However, there are substantial variations in elemental abundances (V, Cr and PGE) and ratios (Ti/V, La/Yb, Ba/Y and Cu/Pd) between the two types of gabbros, features that cannot be explained by cumulate formation from a common magma in a closed system. The microgabbros generally resemble high-Ti Emeishan basalts in major element compositions, but their low trace element abundances indicate some lost of residual liquid is inevitable despite rapid nucleation and cooling. Combined with available data and observations, we propose a model involving in-situ crystallization, followed by magma recharge and closed-system fractionation to explain the formation of texturally distinctive gabbros at Nalaqing and the evolution of the lower part of the Panzhihua intrusion.

Felipe Vadillo-ortega - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Specific inflammatory microenvironments in the Zones of the fetal membranes at term delivery.
    American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 2011
    Co-Authors: Nardhy Gomez-lopez, Lourdes Vadillo-perez, Ana Hernandez-carbajal, Myrna Godines-enriquez, David M Olson, Felipe Vadillo-ortega
    Abstract:

    The purpose of this study was to examine the histologic and immunologic differences between fetal membrane Zones after membrane rupture at term delivery. Fetal membrane explants from postrupture Zones (periplacental, Middle, rupture) were obtained from women following spontaneous vaginal delivery at term (n = 5). Tissues for histology, protein extracts, and RNA were isolated. The collagen distribution decreased and the leukocyte density increased from the periplacental Zone to the rupture Zone. T cells were mainly present in the rupture Zone and granulocytes in the Middle Zone. CXCL10, CXCR1, ICAM-1, -2, PSEL, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 levels were higher in the Middle Zone than in the rupture Zone and periplacental Zone (P < .021). Interleukin-1beta and CXCL8 levels were higher in the rupture Zone than in the Middle Zone and periplacental Zone (P = .018 and P < .0001). During labor specific immunologic microenvironments are created in the Zones of the fetal membrane that may be involved in their rupture at the end of gestation. Copyright © 2011 Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

Xiaolin Tian - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.