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Eyal Tsur - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the Military careers and second careers of israel s Military Elite
Middle East Journal, 2012Co-Authors: Oren Barak, Eyal TsurAbstract:This article discusses the Military careers and second careers of members of Israel's Military Elite from the establishment of the State of Israel and its Military — the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) — until the present. This is done by analyzing an original database that includes details on all 213 officers who were promoted to the two highest ranks in the IDF — major general ( Aluf ) and lieutenant general ( Rav Aluf ) — and who served in its general staff since 1948. After presenting a description of the officers' Military careers and second careers throughout this period, we discuss the interplay between the particular characteristics of Israel's Military Elite, on one hand, and Israel's pattern of civil-security relations and process of state formation, on the other hand.
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continuity and change in the social background of israel s Military Elite
Middle East Journal, 2012Co-Authors: Oren Barak, Eyal TsurAbstract:This article discusses markers of continuity and change in the social background of Israel’s Military Elite from the establishment of the State of Israel and the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) in 1948 until the present. This is done by analyzing an original database that we have created, which includes details on the social background of all 213 officers who were promoted to the ranks of major general ( Aluf ) and lieutenant general ( Rav Aluf ) — the two highest ranks in the IDF — and who served in its general staff during this period. The article also discusses the interplay between the characteristics of Israel’s Military Elite, on one hand, and Israel’s process of state formation and inter-sectoral relations, on the other hand.
Loughlin Sweeney - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the irish Military Elite and the war of independence 1918 22
2019Co-Authors: Loughlin SweeneyAbstract:The Great War affected Irish officers in numerous ways—attrition had cut a devastating swathe through the Military Elite as it had through the enlisted soldiers, and the process of mourning this ‘lost generation’ became inexorably entwined in the political situation playing out in Ireland. The War of Independence represented the eclipse of the Irish Military Elite: while some of its members sought to continue rendering service to their homeland in various capacities, many opted instead to leave Ireland, never to return home. Most officers were strongly unionist in their convictions, though there were notable exceptions. What they all agreed on was the vital importance of maintaining the connection between Ireland and the overseas empire (in order to ensure access to employment), and the maintenance of the King as the head of state (to satisfy the deeply felt crown loyalty that was an essential component of an officer’s identity). Some opted for extreme measures—either because of their background as colonial officers, or simply due to financial necessity—and joined the notorious Auxiliary Corps of the Royal Irish Constabulary, which was responsible for a string of brutal extralegal reprisals during the War of Independence. This chapter examines a number of open questions relating to the war, concerning the activities of nationalist officers in the conflict, and the question of whether the Auxiliary Corps indeed contained members of the Irish Military Elite. The chapter is framed by a discussion of the narrative of decline that accompanied the Irish establishment’s loss of social position in this period.
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defining an irish Military Elite
2019Co-Authors: Loughlin SweeneyAbstract:In the 1870s, the British officer corps was enveloped in an institutional crisis. Setbacks and inefficiencies during the Indian Rebellion and the Crimean War occasioned a number of reforms, notable among which was the abolition of the practice of purchasing officer commissions. From 1871 onwards, all officers would be promoted on merit—at least in theory. In Ireland, this provided an unprecedented opportunity for middle-class young men seeking to accumulate social capital by becoming Military officers. The role of the British Army in Irish society is reviewed from a number of perspectives and difficulties relating to terminology are discussed—traditional histories of Elites tend to conflate officers with the ‘Anglo-Irish’, which do not satisfactorily capture the surprising diversity of backgrounds in evidence in the officer corps and the subtle underlying class dynamics that directed the life of a British Military officer. The case is made for the importance of class, empire, identity, and political and social context for arriving at a comprehensive understanding of Irish Military Elites in the complex and rapidly changing Ireland of the late nineteenth century.
Oren Barak - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the Military careers and second careers of israel s Military Elite
Middle East Journal, 2012Co-Authors: Oren Barak, Eyal TsurAbstract:This article discusses the Military careers and second careers of members of Israel's Military Elite from the establishment of the State of Israel and its Military — the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) — until the present. This is done by analyzing an original database that includes details on all 213 officers who were promoted to the two highest ranks in the IDF — major general ( Aluf ) and lieutenant general ( Rav Aluf ) — and who served in its general staff since 1948. After presenting a description of the officers' Military careers and second careers throughout this period, we discuss the interplay between the particular characteristics of Israel's Military Elite, on one hand, and Israel's pattern of civil-security relations and process of state formation, on the other hand.
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continuity and change in the social background of israel s Military Elite
Middle East Journal, 2012Co-Authors: Oren Barak, Eyal TsurAbstract:This article discusses markers of continuity and change in the social background of Israel’s Military Elite from the establishment of the State of Israel and the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) in 1948 until the present. This is done by analyzing an original database that we have created, which includes details on the social background of all 213 officers who were promoted to the ranks of major general ( Aluf ) and lieutenant general ( Rav Aluf ) — the two highest ranks in the IDF — and who served in its general staff during this period. The article also discusses the interplay between the characteristics of Israel’s Military Elite, on one hand, and Israel’s process of state formation and inter-sectoral relations, on the other hand.
Malheiro Luís - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Cadets in portuguese Military academies: a sociological portrait
Sociologia Problemas e Práticas, 2020Co-Authors: Carreiras Helena, Bessa Fernando, Ávila Patrícia, Malheiro LuísAbstract:The aim of this article is to revisit the question of the social origins of the armed forces officer corps, using data drawn from a survey to all cadets following Military training at the three Portuguese service academies in 2016. It puts forward the question of whether the sociological characteristics of the future Military Elite reveal a pattern of convergence with society or depart from it, in terms of geographical origins, gender and social origins. The article offers a sociological portrait of the cadets and compares it with previous studies, identifying trends of change and continuity. The results show that there is a diversified and convergent recruitment pattern: cadets are coming from a greater variety of regions in the country than in the past; there is a still an asymmetric but improving gender balance; self-recruitment patterns are rather stable, and there is a segmented social origin pointing to the dominance of the more qualified and affluent social classes. In the conclusion questions are raised regarding future civil-Military convergence patterns as well as possible growing differences between ranks.O objetivo do presente artigo é revisitar a questão das origens sociais do corpo de oficiais das Forças Armadas, utilizando dados de um inquérito aplicado a todos os cadetes que frequentavam os cursos das escolas superiores militares, em 2016. Coloca-se a questão de saber se as características sociológicas das futuras Elites militares revelam um padrão de convergência com a sociedade ou se dela se afastam, em termos de origens geográficas, género e origens sociais. O artigo apresenta um retrato sociológico dos cadetes e compara-o com estudos anteriores, identificando tendências de mudança e continuidade. Os resultados demonstram que existe diversidade e convergência no padrão de recrutamento: os cadetes são oriundos de uma maior variedade de regiões do país relativamente ao passado; persistem assimetrias de género, mas que têm vindo a diluir-se; os padrões de autorrecrutamento são estáveis; e subsiste uma segmentação na origem social que aponta para a dominância das classes sociais mais qualificadas e com maiores recursos. Na conclusão são levantadas questões sobre os padrões de convergência civil-militar, bem como sobre o possível aumento das diferenças entre categorias no interior das forças militares.L’objectif de cet article est de réexaminer la question des origines sociales du corps des officiers des forces armées, en utilisant les données d’une enquête auprès de tous les cadets suivant une formation militaire dans les trois académies de service portugaises en 2016. La question se pose de savoir si les caractéristiques sociologiques des futures élites militaires révèlent un modèle de convergence avec la société, ou si elles s’en écartent en termes d’origines géographiques, de genre et d’origine sociale. L’article présente un portrait sociologique des cadets et le compare avec des études antérieures, identifiant des tendances de changement et de continuité. Les résultats montrent qu’il existe une diversité et une convergence dans la structure du recrutement: les cadets proviennent d’une plus grande variété de régions du pays que par le passé; les asymétries entre les sexes persistent mais ont été diluées; les standards d’auto-recrutement sont stables; et il existe une segmentation de l’origine sociale qui indique la domination des classes sociales les plus qualifiées et mieux pourvues de ressources. Dans la conclusion, des questions sont soulevées sur les modèles de convergence civilo-militaire, ainsi que l’accroissement possible des différences entre les catégories au sein de l’armée.El objetivo del presente artículo es el de revisar la cuestión de los orígenes sociales del cuerpo de oficiales de las Fuerzas Armadas, utilizando datos de una encuesta aplicada a todos los cadetes que frecuentaban los cursos de las escuelas superiores militares, en 2016. Se plantea la cuestión de si las características sociológicas de las futuras élites militares revelan un patrón de convergencia con la sociedad o si de ella se alejan, en términos de orígenes geográficos, género y orígenes sociales. El artículo presenta un retrato sociológico de los cadetes y lo compara con estudios anteriores, identificando tendencias de cambio y continuidad. Los resultados demuestran que existe diversidad y convergencia en el patrón de reclutamiento: los cadetes provienen de una mayor variedad de regiones del país con respecto al pasado; persisten asimetrías de género pero que se han diluido; los patrones de autorecrutamiento son estables; y subsiste una segmentación en el origen social que apunta a la dominación de las clases sociales más cualificadas y con mayores recursos. En la conclusión se plantean cuestiones sobre los patrones de convergencia civil-militar, así como sobre el posible aumento de las diferencias entre categorías dentro de las fuerzas militares
Hicham Bou Nassif - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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wedded to mubarak the second careers and financial rewards of egypt s Military Elite 1981 2011
Middle East Journal, 2013Co-Authors: Hicham Bou NassifAbstract:This article discusses postretirement appointments and financial rewards the Egyptian Military Elite secured under former Egyptian president Husni Mubarak. It draws on two original databases: the first analyzes the professional background of the 156 Egyptian governors appointed by Mubarak, and studies the evolution of the Military Elite’s share of governorship positions throughout his years in power. The second database includes details on postretirement careers of Egypt’s top 65 officers who led the main corps of the armed forces under Mubarak. It analyzes mechanisms used by Mubarak’s predecessors to secure the loyalty of the Military Elite, and shows that increasing the privileges of the top brass remained a stable feature of control systems that were otherwise fundamentally different. It discusses how Mubarak wedded senior officers to his regime throughout his three decades in power by enhancing their material privileges and allowing them to profit from their postretirement positions, unhindered by monitoring agencies.