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Rocha, Artur Gouveia - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Transposição e avanço da tuberosidade tibial para tratamento da luxação medial de patela associada à ruptura do ligamento cruzado cranial em cães: estudo clínico
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2012Co-Authors: Rocha, Artur GouveiaAbstract:A ruptura do ligamento cruzado cranial (RLCCr) é a afecção ortopédica mais comumente diagnosticada em pequenos animais, causando instabilidade articular. Não menos incidente é a luxação patelar (LP) medial em cães de raças miniatura também chamadas raças “toy”. Cães portadores de LP têm maior probabilidade de sofrerem a RLCCr, por isso é muito frequente o atendimento de cães com RLCCr associado a LP. Inúmeras técnicas cirúrgicas foram desenvolvidas para restituir a estabilidade da articulação do joelho de cães com RLCCr e muitas outras para tratar a LP. O Objetivo desse trabalho foi desenvolver e avaliar clinicamente a técnica de TTTA que é uma associação das técnicas de Transposição da Tuberosidade Tibial (TTT) e Avanço da Tuberosidade Tibial (TTA). Essa associação foi utilizada no tratamento de 21 joelhos com Ruptura do Ligamento Cruzado Cranial associado à Luxação Patelar medial de cães atendidos pelo Setor de Cirurgia de Pequenos Animais do Hospital Veterinário Governador Laudo Natel da FCAV – UNESP Jaboticabal. Foram utilizados como espaçador na técnica de TTTA dois tipos de cunha de polímero de mamona. Após a colocação da cunha no interior da linha de osteotomia o ligamento patelar foi alinhado com o sulco troclear através da transposição lateral da tuberosidade tibial e fixado ao corpo da tíbia com um ou dois parafusos corticais aplicados em sentido crânio caudal. Os pacientes foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em dois grupos experimentais, sendo o Grupo 1 composto por joelhos submetidos somente à TTTA, e o Grupo 2 por joelhos submetidos à TTTA e artrotomia com imbricação lateral, trocleoplastia por abrasão e pateloplastia. A TTTA mostrou ser uma ótima alternativa para o tratamento de Ruptura do Ligamento Cruzado Cranial associado à Luxação Patelar medial em cães. O Grupo 1 mostrou melhores resultados que o Grupo 2The rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament (RLCCr) is the most commonly diagnosed orthopedic disorder in small animals resulting in instability. Not least is the incidence of medial patellar luxation (PL) in Miniature Breeds also called toy Breeds. Dogs with PL are more likely to suffer RLCCr, so it is very common for these dogs to be affected by RLCCr associated with LP. Several surgical techniques have been developed to restore the stability of the canine stifle affected by RLCCr and many others to treat PL. The aim of this study was to develop and clinically evaluate the TTTA technique that consists of a combination of techniques Transposition of Tibial Tuberosity (TTT) and Tibial Tuberosity Advancement (TTA). This combination of techniques was used in the treatment of 21 canine stifles with RLCCr concurrent with medial LP attended at the Service of Small Animal Surgery of the Veterinary Hospital “Governor Laudo Natel” of the São Paulo State University campus of Jaboticabal. Two different models of castor oil polymer wedge were used as spacer in TTTA. After placement of the wedge within the osteotomy line the patellar ligament was aligned with the trochlear groove by lateral tibial tuberosity transposition and finally fixed to the body of the tibia with one or two cortical screws craniocaudally applied. The patients were randomly divided into two experimental groups: Group 1 consists of the knees treated only by TTTA, and in the Group 2 the knees underwent TTTA and arthrotomy with lateral imbrication, trochleoplasty and pateloplasty. The TTTA proved to be a great alternative for the treatment of Rupture of the Cranial Cruciate Ligament in combination with Medial Patellar Luxation in dogs. Group 1 showed better results than Group 2Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq
Rocha, Artur Gouveia [unesp] - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Transposição e avanço da tuberosidade tibial para tratamento da luxação medial de patela associada à ruptura do ligamento cruzado cranial em cães: estudo clínico
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2012Co-Authors: Rocha, Artur Gouveia [unesp]Abstract:A ruptura do ligamento cruzado cranial (RLCCr) é a afecção ortopédica mais comumente diagnosticada em pequenos animais, causando instabilidade articular. Não menos incidente é a luxação patelar (LP) medial em cães de raças miniatura também chamadas raças “toy”. Cães portadores de LP têm maior probabilidade de sofrerem a RLCCr, por isso é muito frequente o atendimento de cães com RLCCr associado a LP. Inúmeras técnicas cirúrgicas foram desenvolvidas para restituir a estabilidade da articulação do joelho de cães com RLCCr e muitas outras para tratar a LP. O Objetivo desse trabalho foi desenvolver e avaliar clinicamente a técnica de TTTA que é uma associação das técnicas de Transposição da Tuberosidade Tibial (TTT) e Avanço da Tuberosidade Tibial (TTA). Essa associação foi utilizada no tratamento de 21 joelhos com Ruptura do Ligamento Cruzado Cranial associado à Luxação Patelar medial de cães atendidos pelo Setor de Cirurgia de Pequenos Animais do Hospital Veterinário Governador Laudo Natel da FCAV – UNESP Jaboticabal. Foram utilizados como espaçador na técnica de TTTA dois tipos de cunha de polímero de mamona. Após a colocação da cunha no interior da linha de osteotomia o ligamento patelar foi alinhado com o sulco troclear através da transposição lateral da tuberosidade tibial e fixado ao corpo da tíbia com um ou dois parafusos corticais aplicados em sentido crânio caudal. Os pacientes foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em dois grupos experimentais, sendo o Grupo 1 composto por joelhos submetidos somente à TTTA, e o Grupo 2 por joelhos submetidos à TTTA e artrotomia com imbricação lateral, trocleoplastia por abrasão e pateloplastia. A TTTA mostrou ser uma ótima alternativa para o tratamento de Ruptura do Ligamento Cruzado Cranial associado à Luxação Patelar medial em cães. O Grupo 1 mostrou melhores resultados que o Grupo 2The rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament (RLCCr) is the most commonly diagnosed orthopedic disorder in small animals resulting in instability. Not least is the incidence of medial patellar luxation (PL) in Miniature Breeds also called toy Breeds. Dogs with PL are more likely to suffer RLCCr, so it is very common for these dogs to be affected by RLCCr associated with LP. Several surgical techniques have been developed to restore the stability of the canine stifle affected by RLCCr and many others to treat PL. The aim of this study was to develop and clinically evaluate the TTTA technique that consists of a combination of techniques Transposition of Tibial Tuberosity (TTT) and Tibial Tuberosity Advancement (TTA). This combination of techniques was used in the treatment of 21 canine stifles with RLCCr concurrent with medial LP attended at the Service of Small Animal Surgery of the Veterinary Hospital “Governor Laudo Natel” of the São Paulo State University campus of Jaboticabal. Two different models of castor oil polymer wedge were used as spacer in TTTA. After placement of the wedge within the osteotomy line the patellar ligament was aligned with the trochlear groove by lateral tibial tuberosity transposition and finally fixed to the body of the tibia with one or two cortical screws craniocaudally applied. The patients were randomly divided into two experimental groups: Group 1 consists of the knees treated only by TTTA, and in the Group 2 the knees underwent TTTA and arthrotomy with lateral imbrication, trochleoplasty and pateloplasty. The TTTA proved to be a great alternative for the treatment of Rupture of the Cranial Cruciate Ligament in combination with Medial Patellar Luxation in dogs. Group 1 showed better results than Group
Madlen Stange - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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why the long face comparative shape analysis of Miniature pony and other horse skulls reveals changes in ontogenetic growth
PeerJ, 2019Co-Authors: Laura Heck, Marcelo R Sanchezvillagra, Madlen StangeAbstract:Background Much of the shape variation found in animals is based on allometry and heterochrony. Horses represent an excellent model to investigate patterns of size-shape variation among Breeds that were intentionally bred for extreme small and large sizes. Methods We tested whether ponies (wither height 148 cm, here-after called horses) during ontogenetic growth. We used a dataset of 194 specimens from 25 horse and 13 pony Breeds, two of which are Miniature Breeds (wither height < 96.5 cm)—Falabella, Shetland. We applied three-dimensional geometric morphometrics, linear measurements, and multivariate analyses (Procrustes ANOVAs) to quantitatively examine and compare the ontogenetic trajectories between pony and horse Breeds with an emphasis on the Miniature Breeds as an extreme case of artificial selection on size. Additionally, we tested for juvenile characteristics in adult horse and Miniature Breeds that could resemble “paedomorphosis”—retention of juvenile characteristics in adult stage; e.g. large eyes, large braincase-to-face-relationship, and large head-to-body relationship. Results Allometric regression of size on shape revealed that 42% of shape variation could be explained by variation in size in all Breeds. The ontogenetic trajectories of ponies and horses vary in slope and therefore in rate of change per unit size, and length. The differences in trajectory lengths and slopes result in ponies having a similar skull shape in an older age stage than horses of the same size in a younger age stage. This pattern could cause the generally perceived “paedomorphic” appearance of ponies. Miniature Breeds have larger heads in relation to wither height compared to horses, a non-paedomorphic feature in horses specifically. Also, rostra (faces) are longer in adult individuals than in juveniles across all kinds of Breeds. This pattern can be explained by the long-face hypothesis for grazing ungulates and could possibly be caused by the mismatch of selection by humans for shorter rostra and the dentition of ruminants. Conclusions Miniature breed specimens do not exhibit any of the classical mammalian “paedomorphic” features (large orbits, large heads), except for the adult Falabella that has enlarged orbits, possibly because they are herbivorous ungulates that are affected by functional and metabolic constraints related to low nutrient-food consumption. Instead ponies, including Miniature Breeds, have faster and shorter ontogenetic growth compared to horses, resulting in adult pony skulls looking in part like juvenile horse skulls.
Laura Heck - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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why the long face comparative shape analysis of Miniature pony and other horse skulls reveals changes in ontogenetic growth
PeerJ, 2019Co-Authors: Laura Heck, Marcelo R Sanchezvillagra, Madlen StangeAbstract:Background Much of the shape variation found in animals is based on allometry and heterochrony. Horses represent an excellent model to investigate patterns of size-shape variation among Breeds that were intentionally bred for extreme small and large sizes. Methods We tested whether ponies (wither height 148 cm, here-after called horses) during ontogenetic growth. We used a dataset of 194 specimens from 25 horse and 13 pony Breeds, two of which are Miniature Breeds (wither height < 96.5 cm)—Falabella, Shetland. We applied three-dimensional geometric morphometrics, linear measurements, and multivariate analyses (Procrustes ANOVAs) to quantitatively examine and compare the ontogenetic trajectories between pony and horse Breeds with an emphasis on the Miniature Breeds as an extreme case of artificial selection on size. Additionally, we tested for juvenile characteristics in adult horse and Miniature Breeds that could resemble “paedomorphosis”—retention of juvenile characteristics in adult stage; e.g. large eyes, large braincase-to-face-relationship, and large head-to-body relationship. Results Allometric regression of size on shape revealed that 42% of shape variation could be explained by variation in size in all Breeds. The ontogenetic trajectories of ponies and horses vary in slope and therefore in rate of change per unit size, and length. The differences in trajectory lengths and slopes result in ponies having a similar skull shape in an older age stage than horses of the same size in a younger age stage. This pattern could cause the generally perceived “paedomorphic” appearance of ponies. Miniature Breeds have larger heads in relation to wither height compared to horses, a non-paedomorphic feature in horses specifically. Also, rostra (faces) are longer in adult individuals than in juveniles across all kinds of Breeds. This pattern can be explained by the long-face hypothesis for grazing ungulates and could possibly be caused by the mismatch of selection by humans for shorter rostra and the dentition of ruminants. Conclusions Miniature breed specimens do not exhibit any of the classical mammalian “paedomorphic” features (large orbits, large heads), except for the adult Falabella that has enlarged orbits, possibly because they are herbivorous ungulates that are affected by functional and metabolic constraints related to low nutrient-food consumption. Instead ponies, including Miniature Breeds, have faster and shorter ontogenetic growth compared to horses, resulting in adult pony skulls looking in part like juvenile horse skulls.
Marcelo R Sanchezvillagra - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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why the long face comparative shape analysis of Miniature pony and other horse skulls reveals changes in ontogenetic growth
PeerJ, 2019Co-Authors: Laura Heck, Marcelo R Sanchezvillagra, Madlen StangeAbstract:Background Much of the shape variation found in animals is based on allometry and heterochrony. Horses represent an excellent model to investigate patterns of size-shape variation among Breeds that were intentionally bred for extreme small and large sizes. Methods We tested whether ponies (wither height 148 cm, here-after called horses) during ontogenetic growth. We used a dataset of 194 specimens from 25 horse and 13 pony Breeds, two of which are Miniature Breeds (wither height < 96.5 cm)—Falabella, Shetland. We applied three-dimensional geometric morphometrics, linear measurements, and multivariate analyses (Procrustes ANOVAs) to quantitatively examine and compare the ontogenetic trajectories between pony and horse Breeds with an emphasis on the Miniature Breeds as an extreme case of artificial selection on size. Additionally, we tested for juvenile characteristics in adult horse and Miniature Breeds that could resemble “paedomorphosis”—retention of juvenile characteristics in adult stage; e.g. large eyes, large braincase-to-face-relationship, and large head-to-body relationship. Results Allometric regression of size on shape revealed that 42% of shape variation could be explained by variation in size in all Breeds. The ontogenetic trajectories of ponies and horses vary in slope and therefore in rate of change per unit size, and length. The differences in trajectory lengths and slopes result in ponies having a similar skull shape in an older age stage than horses of the same size in a younger age stage. This pattern could cause the generally perceived “paedomorphic” appearance of ponies. Miniature Breeds have larger heads in relation to wither height compared to horses, a non-paedomorphic feature in horses specifically. Also, rostra (faces) are longer in adult individuals than in juveniles across all kinds of Breeds. This pattern can be explained by the long-face hypothesis for grazing ungulates and could possibly be caused by the mismatch of selection by humans for shorter rostra and the dentition of ruminants. Conclusions Miniature breed specimens do not exhibit any of the classical mammalian “paedomorphic” features (large orbits, large heads), except for the adult Falabella that has enlarged orbits, possibly because they are herbivorous ungulates that are affected by functional and metabolic constraints related to low nutrient-food consumption. Instead ponies, including Miniature Breeds, have faster and shorter ontogenetic growth compared to horses, resulting in adult pony skulls looking in part like juvenile horse skulls.