The Experts below are selected from a list of 297 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Simone Cesca - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Moment tensor inversion with three-dimensional sensor configuration of mining induced Seismicity (Kiruna mine, Sweden)
Geophysical Journal International, 2018Co-Authors: Savka Dineva, Simone Cesca, Sebastian HeimannAbstract:Mining induced Seismicity is an undesired consequence of mining operations, which poses significant hazard to miners and infrastructures and requires an accurate analysis of the rupture process. Se ...
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complex rupture process of the 19 march 2013 rudna mine poland induced seismic event and collapse in the light of local and regional moment tensor inversion
Seismological Research Letters, 2016Co-Authors: łukasz Rudzinski, Simone Cesca, Grzegorz LizurekAbstract:On 19 March 2013, a strong, shallow, induced seismic event struck a mining panel in the room‐and‐pillar Rudna copper mine in southeastern Poland. The event caused important damage at the mining tunnel and trapped 19 miners, who were safely rescued a few hours later. Although mining‐induced Seismicity is frequent at this mine, the 19 March event was unusual because of its larger magnitude, its occurrence far from the mining stopes, and because it was accompanied by a strong hazardous rockburst. The mining inspections following the event verified the occurrence of a rockfall with tunnel floor uplift but also recognized the presence of a faulting structure at the hypocentral location. The availability of three monitoring networks (including local and regional data, short‐period and broadband seismometers, and surface and in‐mine installation) presented an optimal setup to determine rupture parameters and to compare the performance and results from different installations. We performed waveform and spectral‐based analysis to infer source properties, with a particular interest to the determination of the rupture processes, using different moment tensor (MT) inversion techniques. Our results are surprisingly different, ranging from a dominant thrust mechanism, resolved at closest distances, to a collapse‐type rupture, resolved at regional distances. We demonstrate that a complex rupture model is needed to explain all observations and to justify these discrepancies. The final scenario indicates that the rupture nucleated as a weaker thrust mechanism along a pre‐existing weakened surface and then continued in a more energetic collapse event. The local LUMINEOS surface network has the potential to resolve both subevents but not using a standard MT decomposition. Here, we propose a new MT decomposition and an alternative MT fitting procedure that can be used to analyze the MT of collapse sources.
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The MINE Project: Monitoring Induced Seismicity in a German Coal Mine
Advanced Technologies in Earth Sciences, 2014Co-Authors: Simone Cesca, Francesco Grigoli, Samira Maghsoudi, Torsten Dahm, Thomas MeierAbstract:During the last thee years, the MINE project has developed and successfully applied seismological tools, addressing different aspects of the monitoring of mining environments, as dynamic local-scale systems. The human interaction with the shallow underground mining environment, can lead to rock mass weakening or locally induce stress perturbations. As a consequence, triggered or induced Seismicity is often observed at mines, potentially posing a risk to miners and infrastructures. This work illustrates a number of recently developed seismological techniques, based on the analysis of full waveforms, which target the problem of detection, location, and characterization of Mining-Induced Seismicity. The proposed methodologies are here discussed through their application to a 14-months coal mining dataset, affecting the region of Hamm, Ruhr, Germany. An automated full-waveform detection and location technique is first used to generate a seismic catalog. A full moment tensor amplitude spectra technique is then adapted for the analysis of induced Seismicity, leading to the inversion of more than 1000 focal mechanisms. Finally, a new developed clustering algorithm is used to automatically classify source types, and to track their temporal evolution. The combined application of the methods developed within the MINE project could successfully characterise the Mining-Induced Seismicity and its spatio-temporal variation. Our methods are suitable for automated analysis, and can be easily adopted for mining monitoring purposes in other locations, and with different network geometries.
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automated seismic event location by travel time stacking an application to mining induced Seismicity
Seismological Research Letters, 2013Co-Authors: Francesco Grigoli, Simone Cesca, Maurizio Vassallo, Torsten DahmAbstract:Online Material: Additional synthetic test results, plots, and tables. The automated location of seismic events is an important and challenging task in microseismic monitoring applications (e.g., to analyze induced Seismicity following oil/geothermal field exploitation and mining operations), where we deal with a large number of seismic events and weak signals characterized by low signal‐to‐noise ratios. Given the large number of seismic events, manual location procedures are time consuming, or not feasible. Standard automated location routines require precise automated picking procedure and phases identification (Gharti et al. , 2010). These methods are, generally, modified versions of the Geiger (1910, 1912) algorithm, based on the minimization of time residuals between theoretical and observed arrival times of body waves (generally first P and S onsets) by iterative inversion algorithms. In the last two decades a large number of picking algorithms have been developed; although P onsets can now be accurately picked, the automatic picking of later seismic phases (including S onsets) is still problematic. Their performance is limited in the presence of noisy data, when picking and phase identification might be difficult. The increasing interest on microseismic monitoring applications pushed the recent development of alternative techniques for automated seismic event location. These methods, similar to migration techniques used in reflection seismology, exploit the full waveforms and do not need any prior phase identification. Some methods are …
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Automated Seismic Event Location by Travel‐Time Stacking: An Application to Mining Induced Seismicity
Seismological Research Letters, 2013Co-Authors: Francesco Grigoli, Simone Cesca, Maurizio Vassallo, Torsten DahmAbstract:Online Material: Additional synthetic test results, plots, and tables. The automated location of seismic events is an important and challenging task in microseismic monitoring applications (e.g., to analyze induced Seismicity following oil/geothermal field exploitation and mining operations), where we deal with a large number of seismic events and weak signals characterized by low signal‐to‐noise ratios. Given the large number of seismic events, manual location procedures are time consuming, or not feasible. Standard automated location routines require precise automated picking procedure and phases identification (Gharti et al. , 2010). These methods are, generally, modified versions of the Geiger (1910, 1912) algorithm, based on the minimization of time residuals between theoretical and observed arrival times of body waves (generally first P and S onsets) by iterative inversion algorithms. In the last two decades a large number of picking algorithms have been developed; although P onsets can now be accurately picked, the automatic picking of later seismic phases (including S onsets) is still problematic. Their performance is limited in the presence of noisy data, when picking and phase identification might be difficult. The increasing interest on microseismic monitoring applications pushed the recent development of alternative techniques for automated seismic event location. These methods, similar to migration techniques used in reflection seismology, exploit the full waveforms and do not need any prior phase identification. Some methods are …
Beata Orlecka-sikora - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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What Governs the Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Aftershocks in Mining‐Induced Seismicity: Insight into the Influence of Coseismic Static Stress Changes on Seismicity in Kiruna Mine, Sweden
Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 2020Co-Authors: Maria Kozłowska, Beata Orlecka-sikora, Savka Dineva, Łukasz Rudziński, Mirjana BoskovicAbstract:ABSTRACT Strong Mining-Induced earthquakes are often followed by aftershocks, similar to natural earthquakes. Although the magnitudes of such in-mine aftershocks are not high, they may pose a threat to mining infrastructure, production, and primarily, people working underground. The existing post-earthquake mining procedures usually do not consider any aspects of the physics of the mainshock. This work aims to estimate the rate and distribution of aftershocks following Mining-Induced seismic events by applying the rate-and-state model of fault friction, which is commonly used in natural earthquake studies. It was found that both the pre-mainshock level of Seismicity and the coseismic stress change following the mainshock rupture have strong effects on the aftershock sequence. For Mining-Induced Seismicity, however, we need to additionally account for the constantly changing stress state caused by the ongoing exploitation. Here, we attempt to model the aftershock sequence, its rate, and distribution of two M≈2 events in iron ore Kiruna mine, Sweden. We could appropriately estimate the aftershock sequence for one of the events because both the modeled rate and distribution of aftershocks matched the observed activity; however, the model underestimated the rate of aftershocks for the other event. The results of modeling showed that aftershocks following mining events occur in the areas of pre-mainshock activity influenced by the positive coulomb stress changes, according to the model’s assumptions. However, we also noted that some additional process not incorporated in the rate-and-state model may influence the aftershock sequence. Nevertheless, this type of modeling is a good tool for evaluating the risk areas in mines following a strong seismic event.
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Assessment of Quantitative Aftershock Productivity Potential in Mining-Induced Seismicity
Pure and Applied Geophysics, 2016Co-Authors: Maria Kozłowska, Beata Orlecka-sikoraAbstract:Strong Mining-Induced earthquakes exhibit various aftershock patterns. The aftershock productivity is governed by the geomechanical properties of rock in the seismogenic zone, Mining-Induced stress and coseismic stress changes related to the main shock’s magnitude, source geometry and focal mechanism. In order to assess the quantitative aftershock productivity potential in the mining environment we apply a forecast model based on natural Seismicity properties, namely constant tectonic loading and the Gutenberg-Richter frequency-magnitude distribution. Although previous studies proved that Mining-Induced Seismicity does not obey the simple power law, here we apply it as an approximation of Seismicity distribution to resolve the number of aftershocks, not considering their magnitudes. The model used forecasts the aftershock productivity based on the background Seismicity level estimated from an average seismic moment released per earthquake and static stress changes caused by a main shock. Thus it accounts only for aftershocks directly triggered by coseismic process. In this study we use data from three different mines, Mponeng (South Africa), Rudna and Bobrek (Poland), representing different geology, exploitation methods and aftershock patterns. Each studied case is treated with individual parameterization adjusted to the data specifics. We propose the modification of the original model, i.e. including the non-uniformity of M0, resulting from spatial correlation of Mining-Induced Seismicity with exploitation. The results show that, even when simplified Seismicity distribution parameters are applied, the modified model predicts the number of aftershocks for each analyzed case well and accounts for variations between these values. Such results are thus another example showing that coseismic processes of Mining-Induced Seismicity reflect features of natural Seismicity and that similar models can be applied to study the aftershock rate in both the natural and the mining environment.
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The role of static stress transfer in mining induced seismic events occurrence, a case study of the Rudna mine in the Legnica‐Glogow Copper District in Poland
Geophysical Journal International, 2010Co-Authors: Beata Orlecka-sikoraAbstract:SUMMARY Seismicity accompanying mining exploitation results from changes in the stress field in the rock mass near the mining excavations caused by human activity. Many studies of the temporal and spatial distribution of mining induced Seismicity have provided evidence for interrelations among events. Although a variety of techniques have been applied to quantify the interdependences of mining induced seismic events, the physical mechanism of interactions has not been unequivocally identified. Based on the premise that one possible cause of interactions among seismic events can be static stress transfer, we have verified statistically the role of Coulomb stress transfer in the generation process of mining induced Seismicity using a series of seismic
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Significance of Static Stress Transfer in Mining-Induced Seismicity Generation Process, the Case Study of Rudna Mine in the Legnica-Głogów Copper District in Poland
2009Co-Authors: Beata Orlecka-sikora, Eleftheria Papadimitriou, Grzegorz KwiatekAbstract:The generation process of mining induced seismic events depends on complex and time–variable anthropogenic factors. This dependence causes that parameters of the mining induced Seismicity are in general time-dependent, and often have memory
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Perspectives of coulomb stress transfer approach in studies of the interaction among Mining-Induced seismic events
2009Co-Authors: Beata Orlecka-sikoraAbstract:In recent years many studies of temporal and spatial patterns of Seismicity induced by mining works provided the evidence for interrelations of seismic events. Seismicity accompanying mining exploitation is controlled by various time variable natural and anthropogenic factors. In consequence of that the origin of event dependences is complex and difficult to identified. One of the possible causes of interactions among seismic events could be a static stress transfer. Some examples from natural Seismicity show that even small stress changes resulting from the coseismic slip can accelerate or prevent future earthquake occurrences. In case of the Mining-Induced Seismicity however, the coseismic stress changes expressed in terms of the Coulomb failure function (CFF) are at least one order smaller than those for earthquakes. Furthermore, they are only a small component of the stress field variations in mines. Despite, the analysis of the Coulomb stress changes caused by mining induced seismic events of energy greater than 105J (ML 2.0), which occurred in Rudna Mine in Legnica-G ogow Copper District in Poland suggests that the mining events are capable of producing changes in the state of stress that are sufficient to influence subsequent events. We find that about 70 per-cent of the analyzed seismic events occurred in areas where stress was enhanced due to the occurrence of previous events. For most of the events located inside areas of a calculated negative CFF changes, their modeled rupture zone is partially located inside stress enhanced, providing thus additional evidence for possible triggering at the nucleation point. Although stress changes alone cannot explain the time evolution of Seismicity, they can be incorporated in modeling the future expected seismic activity rate, which is one of the input parameters to the seismic hazard assessment.
Torsten Dahm - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The MINE Project: Monitoring Induced Seismicity in a German Coal Mine
Advanced Technologies in Earth Sciences, 2014Co-Authors: Simone Cesca, Francesco Grigoli, Samira Maghsoudi, Torsten Dahm, Thomas MeierAbstract:During the last thee years, the MINE project has developed and successfully applied seismological tools, addressing different aspects of the monitoring of mining environments, as dynamic local-scale systems. The human interaction with the shallow underground mining environment, can lead to rock mass weakening or locally induce stress perturbations. As a consequence, triggered or induced Seismicity is often observed at mines, potentially posing a risk to miners and infrastructures. This work illustrates a number of recently developed seismological techniques, based on the analysis of full waveforms, which target the problem of detection, location, and characterization of Mining-Induced Seismicity. The proposed methodologies are here discussed through their application to a 14-months coal mining dataset, affecting the region of Hamm, Ruhr, Germany. An automated full-waveform detection and location technique is first used to generate a seismic catalog. A full moment tensor amplitude spectra technique is then adapted for the analysis of induced Seismicity, leading to the inversion of more than 1000 focal mechanisms. Finally, a new developed clustering algorithm is used to automatically classify source types, and to track their temporal evolution. The combined application of the methods developed within the MINE project could successfully characterise the Mining-Induced Seismicity and its spatio-temporal variation. Our methods are suitable for automated analysis, and can be easily adopted for mining monitoring purposes in other locations, and with different network geometries.
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automated seismic event location by travel time stacking an application to mining induced Seismicity
Seismological Research Letters, 2013Co-Authors: Francesco Grigoli, Simone Cesca, Maurizio Vassallo, Torsten DahmAbstract:Online Material: Additional synthetic test results, plots, and tables. The automated location of seismic events is an important and challenging task in microseismic monitoring applications (e.g., to analyze induced Seismicity following oil/geothermal field exploitation and mining operations), where we deal with a large number of seismic events and weak signals characterized by low signal‐to‐noise ratios. Given the large number of seismic events, manual location procedures are time consuming, or not feasible. Standard automated location routines require precise automated picking procedure and phases identification (Gharti et al. , 2010). These methods are, generally, modified versions of the Geiger (1910, 1912) algorithm, based on the minimization of time residuals between theoretical and observed arrival times of body waves (generally first P and S onsets) by iterative inversion algorithms. In the last two decades a large number of picking algorithms have been developed; although P onsets can now be accurately picked, the automatic picking of later seismic phases (including S onsets) is still problematic. Their performance is limited in the presence of noisy data, when picking and phase identification might be difficult. The increasing interest on microseismic monitoring applications pushed the recent development of alternative techniques for automated seismic event location. These methods, similar to migration techniques used in reflection seismology, exploit the full waveforms and do not need any prior phase identification. Some methods are …
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Automated Seismic Event Location by Travel‐Time Stacking: An Application to Mining Induced Seismicity
Seismological Research Letters, 2013Co-Authors: Francesco Grigoli, Simone Cesca, Maurizio Vassallo, Torsten DahmAbstract:Online Material: Additional synthetic test results, plots, and tables. The automated location of seismic events is an important and challenging task in microseismic monitoring applications (e.g., to analyze induced Seismicity following oil/geothermal field exploitation and mining operations), where we deal with a large number of seismic events and weak signals characterized by low signal‐to‐noise ratios. Given the large number of seismic events, manual location procedures are time consuming, or not feasible. Standard automated location routines require precise automated picking procedure and phases identification (Gharti et al. , 2010). These methods are, generally, modified versions of the Geiger (1910, 1912) algorithm, based on the minimization of time residuals between theoretical and observed arrival times of body waves (generally first P and S onsets) by iterative inversion algorithms. In the last two decades a large number of picking algorithms have been developed; although P onsets can now be accurately picked, the automatic picking of later seismic phases (including S onsets) is still problematic. Their performance is limited in the presence of noisy data, when picking and phase identification might be difficult. The increasing interest on microseismic monitoring applications pushed the recent development of alternative techniques for automated seismic event location. These methods, similar to migration techniques used in reflection seismology, exploit the full waveforms and do not need any prior phase identification. Some methods are …
Gloria Senfaute - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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mining induced Seismicity seismic measurement using multiplet approach and numerical modeling
International Journal of Coal Geology, 2006Co-Authors: Mohamad Khir Abdulwahed, Al M Heib, Gloria SenfauteAbstract:The volume of influence of mining works is essentially determined from in situ observations, field measurements (particularly surface subsidence measurements) as well as from numerical investigations. Seismic monitoring is the primary requirement for mining in rock-burst environment. A micro-seismic network is systematically used to monitor coal extraction in the Provence colliery (south-eastern France). A significant database of seismic events is now available. A further advancement in this sequence was added by the development of Doublets technique or multiplet selections. The technique uses with the database to identify families of seismic events and to work out the relative locations of these events. The analysis of location of these multiplet families showed a particular spatial distribution. Locations of the epicentre follow the direction in which the coalface is advancing. Numerical models are used in the paper to show the overstress distribution. By comparing the seismic activity and results of the numerical modeling of the advancing coalface with observations, a close correlation can be established between the location of seismic activity and induced stresses in the ground surface of the working areas. By combining micro-seismic monitoring with the numerical modeling, the volume of influence of long-wall mines is determined. Results show that such a coupling can be an efficient way for detecting areas subjected to rock-burst hazards. This can also prove to be a powerful tool for assisting the planning of underground workings in complex geological and mining conditions.
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Mining-Induced Seismicity: Seismic measurement using multiplet approach and numerical modeling
International Journal of Coal Geology, 2006Co-Authors: M.k. Abdul-wahed, M. Al Heib, Gloria SenfauteAbstract:International audienceThe volume of influence of mining works is essentially determined from in situ observations, field measurements (particularly surface subsidence measurements) as well as from numerical investigations. Seismic monitoring is the primary requirement for mining in rock-burst environment. A micro-seismic network is systematically used to monitor coal extraction in the Provence colliery (south-eastern France). A significant database of seismic events is now available. A further advancement in this sequence was added by the development of Doublets technique or multiplet selections. The technique uses with the database to identify families of seismic events and to work out the relative locations of these events. The analysis of location of these multiplet families showed a particular spatial distribution. Locations of the epicentre follow the direction in which the coalface is advancing. Numerical models are used in the paper to show the overstress distribution. By comparing the seismic activity and results of the numerical modeling of the advancing coalface with observations, a close correlation can be established between the location of seismic activity and induced stresses in the ground surface of the working areas. By combining micro-seismic monitoring with the numerical modeling, the volume of influence of long-wall mines is determined. Results show that such a coupling can be an efficient way for detecting areas subjected to rock-burst hazards. This can also prove to be a powerful tool for assisting the planning of underground workings in complex geological and mining conditions
Savka Dineva - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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What Governs the Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Aftershocks in Mining‐Induced Seismicity: Insight into the Influence of Coseismic Static Stress Changes on Seismicity in Kiruna Mine, Sweden
Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 2020Co-Authors: Maria Kozłowska, Beata Orlecka-sikora, Savka Dineva, Łukasz Rudziński, Mirjana BoskovicAbstract:ABSTRACT Strong Mining-Induced earthquakes are often followed by aftershocks, similar to natural earthquakes. Although the magnitudes of such in-mine aftershocks are not high, they may pose a threat to mining infrastructure, production, and primarily, people working underground. The existing post-earthquake mining procedures usually do not consider any aspects of the physics of the mainshock. This work aims to estimate the rate and distribution of aftershocks following Mining-Induced seismic events by applying the rate-and-state model of fault friction, which is commonly used in natural earthquake studies. It was found that both the pre-mainshock level of Seismicity and the coseismic stress change following the mainshock rupture have strong effects on the aftershock sequence. For Mining-Induced Seismicity, however, we need to additionally account for the constantly changing stress state caused by the ongoing exploitation. Here, we attempt to model the aftershock sequence, its rate, and distribution of two M≈2 events in iron ore Kiruna mine, Sweden. We could appropriately estimate the aftershock sequence for one of the events because both the modeled rate and distribution of aftershocks matched the observed activity; however, the model underestimated the rate of aftershocks for the other event. The results of modeling showed that aftershocks following mining events occur in the areas of pre-mainshock activity influenced by the positive coulomb stress changes, according to the model’s assumptions. However, we also noted that some additional process not incorporated in the rate-and-state model may influence the aftershock sequence. Nevertheless, this type of modeling is a good tool for evaluating the risk areas in mines following a strong seismic event.
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Moment tensor inversion with three-dimensional sensor configuration of mining induced Seismicity (Kiruna mine, Sweden)
Geophysical Journal International, 2018Co-Authors: Savka Dineva, Simone Cesca, Sebastian HeimannAbstract:Mining induced Seismicity is an undesired consequence of mining operations, which poses significant hazard to miners and infrastructures and requires an accurate analysis of the rupture process. Se ...