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B B Jana - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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human urine is an excellent liquid waste for the culture of fish food organism Moina micrura
Ecological Engineering, 2007Co-Authors: D Golder, Sukanta Rana, D. Sarkar, B B JanaAbstract:Abstract With a view to converting human urine into bio-wealth in the form of zooplankton, the nutrient potentials of liquid wastes (0.11 mL L−1)—(i) human urine (♂), (ii) cow urine, (iii) human–cow mixed urine or some solid wastes (0.11 g L−1): (iv) vermi-compost, (v) cow dung, (vi) poultry droppings and (vii) mixed wastes (vermi-cow-poultry)—were evaluated for the mass culture of zooplankton Moina micrura in 24 outdoor tanks (4500 L) in triplicate treatments using life table as indicator during the period of October–December, 2005. Neonates of Moina micrura held in the treatment with human urine started reproduction at least 4 days earlier than other solid wastes tested. Total number of Moina micrura enumerated in the culture tank, related with offspring production per life span, was maximum in case of human urine treatment, followed by human–cow mixed urine, cow urine, vermin-compost, poultry droppings, mixed wastes (vermin–cow–poultry), cow dung and control treatments. The relationship between the total offspring production per female per life span and the nitrogen content of water in different treatments implied that human urine was an excellent liquid waste that can be used for the mass production of zooplankton Moina micrura required for larval and post larval rearing of commercial fishes.
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life table responses of zooplankton Moina micrura kurz and daphnia carinata king to manure application in a culture system
Aquaculture, 1993Co-Authors: B B Jana, Rina ChakrabartiAbstract:Abstract Neonates or adults of Moina micrura and Daphnia carinata were individually dispensed into culture tubes suspended in each of three replicate tanks representing treatments differing in days (2, 4, 6, 9 and 11 days) after manure (cattle manure, poultry droppings, and mustard oil cake, 1:1:1) application. The cladocerans in the culture tubes were examined daily to collect life table data. Primary productivity values and water quality parameters were determined. Time to first reproduction (A) was delayed during the early part of manure application. Mean longevity (W), total offspring production (S), reproductive life span, net reproductive rate (Ro), average generation time (Tc), intrinsic rate of natural increase (r) and finite rate (er) of the test cladocerans were reduced 2 days after application compared with 11 days after application. Differences in offspring production of test cladocerans in five different treatments were directly conrrelated with gross or net primary productivity values but inversely correlated with increasing levels of ammonia-N.
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the effect of management protocols for juvenile carp cyprinus carpio culture on life history responses of a zooplankton food source Moina micrura kurz
Aquaculture, 1993Co-Authors: B B Jana, Rina ChakrabartiAbstract:Abstract Three systems of carp ( Cyprinus carpio ) culture (live food system, manured system, and control system) were used to examine environmentally dependent life history characteristics of zooplankton, Moina micrura . Twelve culture tubes with one neonate of M. micrura per tube and covered by nylon bolting cloth of 75 μm mesh size were suspended in situ in each culture system. Each culture tube was examined daily to evaluate life history patterns. Time to first reproduction ranged from 4 to 7 days in the control and manured systems and 3 to 5 days in the live food system. Mean longevity, net reproductive rate, average generation time, as well as total offspring production per female, were distinctly higher for the live food system than for the manured or control systems. Interactions between chemical oxygen demand, dissolved oxygen, phosphate levels and primary productivity resulting in optimal conditions were responsible for large variations in life history characteristics of M. micrura among the culture systems.
Hazel Monica Matiasperalta - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effect of food density on male appearance and ephippia production in a tropical cladoceran Moina micrura kurz 1874
Aquaculture, 2013Co-Authors: Osman M Azuraidi, Fatimah Md Yusoff, Mariana Nor Shamsudin, Rahim A Raha, Victor R Alekseev, Hazel Monica MatiasperaltaAbstract:A study was conducted to investigate the effects of different food concentrations consisting of Nannochloropsis oculata (4 × 102, 4 × 104, 4 × 106 cells ml− 1 and control) on male and ephippia production in a tropical cladoceran, Moina micrura. The highest number of males (186.7 ± 13.4 males l− 1) was produced in cultures fed with 4 × 102 cells ml− 1 of N. oculata (FC 3) when the population density reached > 1600 individuals l− 1. Similarly, the highest total mean number of ephippia (160.0 ± 0.0 ephippia l− 1) was achieved in M. micrura culture supplied with 4 × 102 cells ml− 1 of N. oculata (FC 3). The second highest ephippia density was found in M. micrura cultures fed with 4 × 104 cells ml− 1 of N. oculata (FC 2) which produced a mean total of 93.3 ± 13.4 ephippia l− 1 in a population density of > 3000 individuals l− 1. However, with a population density of > 4000 individuals l− 1, but fed with the highest food concentration of 4 × 106 cells ml− 1 N. oculata (FC 1), no ephippia was produced although males were present in the culture. This study illustrates that ephippia were produced in high density cultures with the presence of males and insufficient food supply. Crowding could trigger the production of males, but was not an adequate stress factor for inducing the formation of ephippia. Similarly, food limitation alone did not induce the production of males and ephippia without crowding.
Rina Chakrabarti - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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life table responses of zooplankton Moina micrura kurz and daphnia carinata king to manure application in a culture system
Aquaculture, 1993Co-Authors: B B Jana, Rina ChakrabartiAbstract:Abstract Neonates or adults of Moina micrura and Daphnia carinata were individually dispensed into culture tubes suspended in each of three replicate tanks representing treatments differing in days (2, 4, 6, 9 and 11 days) after manure (cattle manure, poultry droppings, and mustard oil cake, 1:1:1) application. The cladocerans in the culture tubes were examined daily to collect life table data. Primary productivity values and water quality parameters were determined. Time to first reproduction (A) was delayed during the early part of manure application. Mean longevity (W), total offspring production (S), reproductive life span, net reproductive rate (Ro), average generation time (Tc), intrinsic rate of natural increase (r) and finite rate (er) of the test cladocerans were reduced 2 days after application compared with 11 days after application. Differences in offspring production of test cladocerans in five different treatments were directly conrrelated with gross or net primary productivity values but inversely correlated with increasing levels of ammonia-N.
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the effect of management protocols for juvenile carp cyprinus carpio culture on life history responses of a zooplankton food source Moina micrura kurz
Aquaculture, 1993Co-Authors: B B Jana, Rina ChakrabartiAbstract:Abstract Three systems of carp ( Cyprinus carpio ) culture (live food system, manured system, and control system) were used to examine environmentally dependent life history characteristics of zooplankton, Moina micrura . Twelve culture tubes with one neonate of M. micrura per tube and covered by nylon bolting cloth of 75 μm mesh size were suspended in situ in each culture system. Each culture tube was examined daily to evaluate life history patterns. Time to first reproduction ranged from 4 to 7 days in the control and manured systems and 3 to 5 days in the live food system. Mean longevity, net reproductive rate, average generation time, as well as total offspring production per female, were distinctly higher for the live food system than for the manured or control systems. Interactions between chemical oxygen demand, dissolved oxygen, phosphate levels and primary productivity resulting in optimal conditions were responsible for large variations in life history characteristics of M. micrura among the culture systems.
Marc Pagano - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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feeding of tropical cladocerans Moina micrura diaphanosoma excisum and rotifer brachionus calyciflorus on natural phytoplankton effect of phytoplankton size structure
Journal of Plankton Research, 2008Co-Authors: Marc PaganoAbstract:The proliferation of large phytoplankton in tropical shallow freshwater ecosystems may be attributable to inefficient feeding by the dominant zooplankton (small cladocerans and rotifers) on large particles, but more information on the feeding behavior of tropical organisms is required to explore this hypothesis. In this study, food size selectivity and functional feeding responses of three major tropical freshwater zooplankton species (Moina micrura, Diaphanosoma excisum and Brachionus calyciflorus) were studied to test their ability to control phytoplankton. Eleven grazing experiments were performed, using natural phytoplankton assemblages as a food source. Moina micrura fed efficiently on a wide range of sizes of phytoplankton particles, from unicellular picoplankton Chlorella sp. (2-4 μm equivalent spherical diameter, ESD) to large Coelastrum reticulatum coenobia (20-40 μm ESD), but the selectivity depended on the nature and size distribution of the phytoplankton. Diaphanosoma excisum ingested only very small particles (Monoraphidium, Chlorella). Brachionus calyciflorus fed on a wide size range but showed a clear preference for the largest algae (Cyclotella sp, Scenedesmus opoliensis). These three species increased their ingestion rate linearly with the food concentration and the saturation point was reached for M. micrura within the range of experimental conditions. The results suggest a strong food partitioning between these three species and showed that B. calyciflorus and M. micrura were better able to exploit and control algal blooms than D. excisum, which was a more selective feeder controlled by the availability of small food particles.
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population growth capacities and regulatory factors in monospecific cultures of the cladocerans Moina micrura and diaphanosoma excisum and the copepod thermocyclops decipiens from cote d ivoire west africa
Aquatic Living Resources, 2000Co-Authors: Marc Pagano, Lucien Saintjean, Robert Arfi, Marc Bouvy, Helguile ShepAbstract:Abstract The cladocerans Moina micrura and Diaphanosoma excisum and the copepod Thermocyclops decipiens were studied in microcosms (0.8 m3) under semi-controlled experimental conditions at 25–29 °C for 32 days, by daily sampling after an initial monospecific inoculation. For each species, the time series began with an exponential population growth phase. M. micrura showed a higher daily population growth rate (mean = 1.19) than D. excisum (0.78) and T. decipiens (0.45). The growth phase of M. micrura coincided with bacterial and phytoplanktonic peaks while the growth phase of the two other species followed these peaks. After this phase, M. micrura quickly disappeared (day 10), while D. excisum biomass decreased but showed a second increase, followed by a stabilization sequence. T. decipiens biomass had a slower increase and stabilized after day 17. The passage to sexual reproduction in relation to crowding was the main regulating factor for M. micrura, whereas food limitation was important for D. excisum. For T. decipiens, population growth was limited by decreased recruitment to copepodite stages which could have resulted from cannibalism exerted by older stages.
Y Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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habitat orientation alters the outcome of interspecific competition a microcosm study with zooplankton grazers
Ecology and Evolution, 2018Co-Authors: Ying Pan, Y Zhang, Shucun SunAbstract:Habitat orientation has recently been demonstrated to affect the foraging behavior, growth, and production of plankton grazers. Because the orientation effect may vary with species, we hypothesize that habitat orientation may alter interspecific interactions between animal species. We experimentally investigated how habitat orientation (placing cuboid chambers in three orientations with long, medium, and small side as the chamber height) affected the interaction between two common cladoceran species, Daphnia magna and Moina micrura, which competitively exploited green algae of Chlorella pyrenoidosa at two volume scales (64 and 512 ml). Results show that chamber orientation and volume additively affected the behavior and species performance of the grazers. Specifically, both grazer species generally decreased their average swimming velocity, grazing rate (on algal cells), body size, and survival and reproduction rates with increasing chamber height for both chamber volumes and with decreasing chamber volume regardless of chamber orientation. Nevertheless, the decrease magnitude was greater for M. micrura with increasing chamber height but was greater for D. magna with decreasing chamber volume. Correspondingly, when cocultured, the density ratio of D. magna to M. micrura increased with increasing chamber height but decreased with decreasing chamber volume. At the end of the experiment, none of D. magna individuals survived in the small and short (large-based) chambers, and few M. micrura individuals survived in large and tall (small-based) chambers. These results indicate that both habitat orientation and size affect the outcome of interspecific competition between grazer species. We suggest that variation in habitat orientation may improve community coexistence and species diversity in nature.
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phytoplankton zooplankton dynamics vary with nutrients a microcosm study with the cyanobacterium coleofasciculus chthonoplastes and cladoceran Moina micrura
Journal of Plankton Research, 2014Co-Authors: Y ZhangAbstract:Anti-grazer responses of phytoplankton have been widely documented to vary with external abiotic factors (e. g. nutrient status), suggesting an environment-dependence of phytoplankton-zooplankton dynamics. Here, we examined the trophic interaction between the cyanobacteria Coleofasciculus chthonoplastes and the cladoceran Moina micrura under three nutrient levels from oligotrophic to hypereutrophic conditions (0.3, 3.0 and 100.0 mu M PO43-; molar ratio NO3- : PO43- - 16 : 1) to determine the effect of nutrients on the stability of a phytoplankton-zooplankton system. In the absence of M. micrura, cell density and filament (single-filament) length of C. chthonoplastes were lower at the low nutrient level compared with those at the medium and high nutrient levels. When M. micrura was present, cell density, filament length, colony proportion and size (the mean number of cells per colony) of C. chthonoplastes were highest under the medium nutrient level, corresponding to the lowest amplitude of density fluctuations in M. micrura. Regression analyses revealed that low cell densities of C. chthonoplastes (due to its limited ability to form colonies and long filaments and hence a high consumption rate of M. micrura) at low and high nutrient levels limited the growth of M. micrura adult females, leading to a sharp decline in embryo length, clutch size and population density. In general, our results suggest that the stability of phytoplankton-zooplankton systems varies with nutrients because of the nutrient-dependent morphology in phytoplankton, and imply that extremely low or high nutrient load may destabilize phytoplankton-zooplankton systems.