The Experts below are selected from a list of 294 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Misha Angrist - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the dangers of diagnostic Monopolies
Nature, 2009Co-Authors: Robert Cookdeegan, Subhashini Chandrasekharan, Misha AngristAbstract:In the first of two commentaries on intellectual property, Robert Cook-Deegan, Subhashini Chandrasekharan and Misha Angrist show how the United States can address glitches with exclusive licences.
Basil Sharp - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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electricity distribution as an unsustainable natural monopoly a potential outcome of new zealand s regulatory regime
Energy Economics, 1999Co-Authors: Calum Gunn, Basil SharpAbstract:Abstract The ongoing reform of New Zealand’s electricity supply industry has attempted to separate its potentially competitive elements from those with naturally monopolistic characteristics. Yet, some competition for distribution services is occurring, raising the question as to whether electricity distributors are natural Monopolies as is typically assumed. This paper presents a simple model of a representative New Zealand distribution business, and shows that, in a true economic sense, distributors are most probably sustainable natural Monopolies as expected. However, the model demonstrates that a mechanism for competition may arise because the financial principles enshrined in the Ministry of Commerce’s regulatory regime can produce unsustainable cost structures and unintentionally introduce elements of contestability into the market for distribution services.
Robin Room - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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government monopoly as an instrument for public health and welfare lessons for cannabis from experience with alcohol Monopolies
International Journal of Drug Policy, 2019Co-Authors: Robin Room, Jenny Cisneros OrnbergAbstract:Abstract Background Government Monopolies of markets in hazardous but attractive substances and activities have a long history, though prior to the late 19th century often motivated more by revenue needs than by public health and welfare. Methods A narrative review considering lessons from alcohol for monopolization of all or part of legal markets in cannabis as a strategy for public health and welfare. Results A monopoly can constrain levels of use and harm from use through such mechanisms as price, limits on times and places of availability, and effective implementation of restrictions on who can purchase, and less directly by replacing private interests who would promote sales and press for greater availability, and as a potential test-bed for new policies. But such Monopolies can also push in the opposite direction, particularly if revenue becomes the prime consideration. Drawing on the alcohol experience in recent decades, the paper discusses issues relevant to cannabis legalization in monopolization of different market levels and segments – production, wholesale, import, retail for off-site and for on-site use – and choices about the structuring and governance of Monopolies and their organizational location in government, from the perspective of maximizing public health and welfare interests. Conclusion While the historical record is mixed for government Monopolies of attractive but hazardous commodities, experience with alcohol in recent decades shows that for public health and welfare public monopolization is generally a preferable option.
S. L. Sondhi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Magnetic Monopoles in Spin Ice
Nature, 2008Co-Authors: Claudio Castelnovo, R. Moessner, S. L. SondhiAbstract:Electrically charged particles, such as the electron, are ubiquitous. In contrast, no elementary particles with a net magnetic charge have ever been observed, despite intensive and prolonged searches (see ref. 1 for example). We pursue an alternative strategy, namely that of realizing them not as elementary but rather as emergent particles-that is, as manifestations of the correlations present in a strongly interacting many-body system. The most prominent examples of emergent quasiparticles are the ones with fractional electric charge e/3 in quantum Hall physics. Here we propose that magnetic monopoles emerge in a class of exotic magnets known collectively as spin ice: the dipole moment of the underlying electronic degrees of freedom fractionalises into monopoles. This would account for a mysterious phase transition observed experimentally in spin ice in a magnetic field, which is a liquid-gas transition of the magnetic monopoles. These monopoles can also be detected by other means, for example, in an experiment modelled after the Stanford magnetic monopole search.
Robert Cookdeegan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the dangers of diagnostic Monopolies
Nature, 2009Co-Authors: Robert Cookdeegan, Subhashini Chandrasekharan, Misha AngristAbstract:In the first of two commentaries on intellectual property, Robert Cook-Deegan, Subhashini Chandrasekharan and Misha Angrist show how the United States can address glitches with exclusive licences.
