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Victoria A Murphy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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cross linguistic influence in adult l2 l3 learners the case of french on english Morphosyntax
GSTF Journal on Education (JEd), 2016Co-Authors: King Tat Daniel Fung, Victoria A MurphyAbstract:Abstract—The potential ways in which learning a second or third language can influence other languages in the mind of the (emergent) bilingual is an increasingly important issue given the international importance of foreign language learning. This study explored whether learning French as a foreign language influences knowledge of English Morphosyntax in learners of L2 French with L1 English (n=21) and learners of L3 French with L2 English (n=9). Comparing these two groups allowed us to identify whether and to what extent backwards cross linguistic influence (CLI) are different depending on whether French is L2 or L3, and whether English is L1 or L2. Accuracy on tense-aspects of English Morphosyntax was measured through two tasks (Grammaticality Judgement and Proofreading). Results indicated no inhibitive influence from L2 French to L1 English, with potential enhancement of explicit knowledge when compared to a control group of English-speaking participants with no French. In contrast, influence leading to inaccuracy was observed from L3 French to L2 English in that the L3 French learners made more errors in past simple and present perfect in the GJT. Results are discussed in the context of better understanding the nature of developing grammatical systems, together with implications for future work.
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Cross linguistic influence in adult L2/L3 learners: The case of French on English Morphosyntax
2016Co-Authors: Tat Daniel Fung, Victoria A MurphyAbstract:Abstract—The potential ways in which learning a second or third language can influence other languages in the mind of the (emergent) bilingual is an increasingly important issue given the international importance of foreign language learning. This study explored whether learning French as a foreign language influences knowledge of English Morphosyntax in learners of L2 French with L1 English (n=21) and learners of L3 French with L2 English (n=9). Comparing these two groups allowed us to identify whether and to what extent backwards cross linguistic influence (CLI) are different depending on whether French is L2 or L3, and whether English is L1 or L2. Accuracy on tense-aspects of English Morphosyntax was measured through two tasks (Grammaticality Judgement and Proofreading). Results indicated no inhibitive influence from L2 French to L1 English, with potential enhancement of explicit knowledge when compared to a control group of English-speaking participants with no French. In contrast, influence leading to inaccuracy was observed from L3 French to L2 English in that the L3 French learners made more errors in past simple and present perfect in the GJT. Results are discussed in the context of better understanding the nature of developing grammatical systems, together with implications for future work.
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Morphosyntax in children with word finding difficulties
Journal of Child Language, 2008Co-Authors: Victoria A Murphy, Julie E Dockrell, David Messer, Hannah FarrAbstract:Children with word finding difficulties (CwWFDs) are slower and less accurate at naming monomorphemic words than typically developing children (Dockrell, Messer & George, 2001), but their difficulty in naming morphologically complex words has not yet been investigated. One aim of this paper was to identify whether CwWFDs are similar to typically developing children at producing inflected (morphologically complex) words. A second aim was to investigate whether the dual-mechanism model could account for the use of morphology in a sample of CwWFDs, exemplifying the notion that regular inflections are part of a rule-based system and computed on-line, while irregular inflections are retrieved directly from the associative system (Pinker, 1999). The inflectional knowledge of a group of CwWFDs was compared against a group of language age-matched typically developing peers in three experiments. In Experiment 1 children produced the past tenses of high- and low-frequency regular and irregular English verbs. In Experiment 2 children generalized their knowledge of the past tense system onto nonsense verbs and in Experiment 3 children produced past tenses of verbs used in either a denominal or a verb root context. In each of these three studies, the CwWFDs performed similarly to matched typical children, suggesting that they do not have a selective problem with morphosyntactic features of words. The findings provide mixed support for the dual-mechanism model.
Harald Clahsen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Morphosyntax in the bilingual mental lexicon an experimental study of strong stems in german
Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 2015Co-Authors: Helena Krause, Sina Bosch, Harald ClahsenAbstract:Although Morphosyntax has been identified as a major source of difficulty for adult (nonnative) language learners, most previous studies have examined a limited set of largely affix-based phenomena. Little is known about word-based Morphosyntax in late bilinguals and of how Morphosyntax is represented and processed in a nonnative speaker’s lexicon. To address these questions, we report results from two behavioral experiments investigating stem variants of strong verbs in German (which encode features such as tense, person, and number) in groups of advanced adult learners as well as native speakers of German. Although the late bilinguals were highly proficient in German, the results of a lexical priming experiment revealed clear native-nonnative differences. We argue that lexical representation and processing relies less on morphosyntactic information in a nonnative than in a native language.
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on the l2 acquisition of the Morphosyntax of german nominals
Linguistics, 2004Co-Authors: Teresa Parodi, Bonnie D Schwartz, Harald ClahsenAbstract:Our understanding of how adults acquire grammar has to date been mainly based on investigations of clause structure and the Morphosyntax of verbs. The development of nominals, however, has so far not been investigated at the same level of detail. Against this background, the purpose of the present study is to provide an in-depth description of the L2 acquisition of nominals in German and to assess the results in regard to two general research issues: (i) differences in the L1 and L2 development of inflectional morphology, and (ii) the role of transfer in L2 acquisition of grammar. We analyze data of untutored L2 German by speakers of Korean, Turkish, and Romance, concentrating on the realization vs. omission of D-elements, the marking of plurality, and the position of adjectives. While there are aspects of the data that evidence clear influence from the L1, we observe that, unlike in child L1 acquisition, nominal bound morphology poses a major acquisition problem for adult L2 acquirers independently of their L1. These results are reminiscent of what has been previously found for clause structure and the Morphosyntax of verbs.
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On the L2 acquisition of the Morphosyntax of
2004Co-Authors: Teresa Parodi, Bonnie D Schwartz, Harald ClahsenAbstract:Our understanding of how adults acquire grammar has to date been mainly based on investigations of clause structure and the Morphosyntax of verbs. The development of nominals, however, has so far not been investigated at the same level of detail. Against this background, the purpose of the present study is to provide an in-depth description of the L2 acquisition of nominals in German and to assess the results in regard to two general research issues:
Pamela Moses - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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gray matter structure and Morphosyntax within a spoken narrative in typically developing children and children with high functioning autism
Developmental Neuropsychology, 2013Co-Authors: Brian D Mills, Timothy T Brown, Matthew Erhart, Eric Halgren, Judy Reilly, Mark Appelbaum, Pamela MosesAbstract:This study examined the relationship between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)–based measures of gray matter structure and Morphosyntax production in a spoken narrative in 17 typical children (TD) and 11 children with high functioning autism (HFA) between 6 and 13 years of age. In the TD group, cortical structure was related to narrative performance in the left inferior frontal gyrus (Broca's area), the right middle frontal sulcus, and the right inferior temporal sulcus. No associations were found in children with HFA. These findings suggest a systematic coupling between brain structure and spontaneous language in TD children and a disruption of these relationships in children with HFA.
J.p. Van Der Westhuizen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Morphology and Morphosyntax of the adjective in attributive and predicative constructions in the Egypt-Amarna letters
Journal for Semitics, 2009Co-Authors: J.p. Van Der WesthuizenAbstract:The ensuing discussion concerns the morphology and Morphosyntax of the adjective used in attributive and predicative constructions in the Egypt-Amarna letters. This calls for the identification of the Egypt letters, the function of the adjectives and their application in these letters. The Egypt-Amarna letters is part of the entire scope of the Amarna letters, a diplomatic correspondence, reflecting a cosmopolitan "cuneiform" culture, during the second millennium B.C., extending from mountains east of Assyria and Babylonia into Asia Minor, providing rich evidence for the social and political history of Syria-Palestine in the fourteenth century. These letters, therefore the Egypt letters as well, are written in a Peripheral Akkadian (PA) dialect, a form of Western Peripheral Akkadian (WPA) dialect. The Egypt letters represent the correspondence from the pharaoh (the court of the pharaoh) to recipients in Palestine and foreign countries, concerned with matters of importance to the pharaoh. The letters being identified, the constituents of the adjective, to operate as an attribute or predicate, are ascertained. This involves the morphology of the adjective, the basis of its function, followed by the Morphosyntax of the adjective, the basis for the application of the adjective in syntax. In the Egypt letters, as basis for the discussion of the morphology of the adjective, the morphology in Standard Akkadian is taken and within this framework the adjective in the Egypt letters is compared. The same procedure is followed for the Morphosyntax and adopted for the adjective in the Egypt letters for its application in the syntax. The letters considered for this study are: EA 1 and 5 to the Babylonian king; EA 31 to the vassal (king) of Arzawa; EA 99 to a vassal; EA 162 to Aziru of Amurru; EA 190 to Aitukama vassal of Qidshu; and EA 367, 369 and 370 to vassals.
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Morphology and Morphosyntax of the verb in the Amqi Amarna letters
Journal for Semitics, 1991Co-Authors: J.p. Van Der WesthuizenAbstract:The aim of this study is: i. To establish the location of the region known as Amqi and to determine its relation to and to distinguish it from the region known as the Bcqac. ii. To investigate the morphology of the verb, i.e. a study of the person morphemes and the verbal stems, as used in the Amqi letters. iii. To investigate the Morphosyntax, i.e. the relationship between the formation of the verb (its morphemes) and the syntactical meaning thereof. iv. Using the observations from ii and iii above in a comparison with the morphology and Morphosyntax of the verb in the Amarna letters from other regions. v. In conclusion, to attempt to characterise the Amqi Amarna letters with respect to the verb and to determine the stage of pidginization or creolization reached and represented by these letters.
Marietherese Le Normand - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Local and global characteristics in the development of Morphosyntax by French children
Language, 2001Co-Authors: Christophe Parisse, Marietherese Le NormandAbstract:Statistical analysis of Morphosyntax acquisition in French children aged two to four can be conducted at two levels. At the local level, regularities in the immediate lexical context of a word are evaluated by computing the proportion of pairs of consecutive words (e.g., such as) produced by children which are also produced in the same order by adults. At the global level, regularities in collected samples of children's language production are evaluated by computing the correlation between child distribution and adult distribution of open-class lexical categories in language production samples. Data from child language production show that irregularities evolve at the global level and tend to disappear over time. In contrast, local regularities already present at the age of two remain stable during maturation. To account for these findings, it is suggested that: (a) local regularities are a consequence of the reproduction of the adult's Morphosyntax, and global irregularities a consequence of the randomne...
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automatic disambiguation of Morphosyntax in spoken language corpora
Behavior Research Methods Instruments & Computers, 2000Co-Authors: Christophe Parisse, Marietherese Le NormandAbstract:The use of computer tools has led to major advances in the study of spoken language corpora. One area that has shown particular progress is the study of child language development. Although it is now easy to lexically tag every word in a spoken language corpus, one still has to choose between numerous ambiguous forms, especially with languages such as French or English, where more than 70% of words are ambiguous. Computational linguistics can now provide a fully automatic disambiguation of lexical tags. The tool presented here (POST) can tag and disambiguate a large text in a few seconds. This tool complements systems dealing with language transcription, and also suggests further theoretical developments in the assessment of the status of Morphosyntax in spoken language corpora. The program currently works for French and English, but can be easily adapted for use with other languages. The analysis and computation of a corpus produced by normal French children aged two to four, as well as of a sample corpus produced by French SLI children, are given as examples.
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how children build their Morphosyntax the case of french
Journal of Child Language, 2000Co-Authors: Christophe Parisse, Marietherese Le NormandAbstract:Early Morphosyntax is very rich and uniform in French-speaking young children. The present study aims to give a thorough analysis of the Morphosyntax produced at the outset of multi-word speech, with a classification of free language produced at 2;0 by 27 French speaking children. The corpus was fully tagged by an automatic part-of-speech tagger. A classification performed with words taken in isolation shows a clear difference between the categories used in single-word utterances and those used in multi-word utterances. A classification performed with word sequences reveals surprisingly adult-like sequences of syntactic categories and words; the non-adult combinations are few in a French child's language. The very successful use of the tagger demonstrates the morphosyntactic coherence of the child's speech. When compared with adult language, the quantitative results, and more precisely the data concerning regularity and error types contribute to the documentation of all the specificities of the emerging Morphosyntax in normally developing French children.
